Verse metre

Toṭaka

तोटकtoṭaka

Syllables per pāda
12
Kind
Samavṛtta — all four pādas alike
Gaṇas
sa sa sa sa

Four pādas of 12 syllables; all four are built alike.

Pattern

1
2
3
4

How to read the marks

  • Laghu — a light syllableOne beat. Said short and lightly.
  • Guru — a heavy syllableTwo beats: held exactly twice as long as a light one. In the line it also carries a faint tint.
  • Pāda boundaryA stanza falls into four quarters — pādas. The boundary is a short stop, as at the end of a line.
  • Yati — caesuraWhere the breath falls inside a long pāda. A shorter, fainter rule.

Example

सुनं सुतं सुनं सुतं
सा सुषिरैः साशुषिरैः
वाद्यम् भूद् वाद्यम् भूद्
सोद्यभू सोद्यभूः

sughanaṁ sutataṁ sughanaṁ sutataṁ
saha suṣiraiḥ saha śuṣiraiḥ |
atha dyam abhūd atha dyam abhūd
rabhasodyama-bhū rabhasodyama-bhūḥ

Caitanya-caritāmṛta-mahākāvya 4.73Open the verse