Mahabharata
Draupadī-yudhiṣṭhira-duḥkha-kathana-parva (Grief over Yudhiṣṭhira's Downfall)4.17.10-18
3831 / 15823
Mahabharata · 4.17.10-18
Devanāgarī

भ्रातरं च विगर्हस्व ज्येष्ठं दुर्द्यूतदेविनम् ॥
यस्यास्मि कर्मणा प्राप्ता दुःखम् एतद् अनन्तकम् ॥
को हि राज्यं परित्यज्य सर्वस्वं चात्मना सह ॥
प्रव्रज्यायैव दीव्येत विना दुर्द्यूतदेविनम् ॥
यदि निष्कसहस्रेण यच् चान्यत् सारवद् धनम् ॥
सायंप्रातर् अदेविष्यद् अपि संवत्सरान् बहून् ॥
रुक्मं हिरण्यं वासांसि यानं युग्यम् अजाविकम् ॥
अश्वाश्वतरसंघांश् च न जातु क्षयम् आवहेत् ॥
सो ऽयं द्यूतप्रवादेन श्रिया प्रत्यवरोपितः ॥
तूष्णीम् आस्ते यथा मूढः स्वानि कर्माणि चिन्तयन् ॥
दश नागसहस्राणि पद्मिनां हेममालिनाम् ॥
यं यान्तम् अनुयान्तीह सो ऽयं द्यूतेन जीवति ॥
तथा शतसहस्राणि नृणाम् अमिततेजसाम् ॥
उपासते महाराजम् इन्द्रप्रस्थे युधिष्ठिरम् ॥
शतं दासीसहस्राणि यस्य नित्यं महानसे ॥
पात्रीहस्तं दिवारात्रम् अतिथीन् भोजयन्त्य् उत ॥
एष निष्कसहस्राणि प्रदाय ददतां वरः ॥
द्यूतजेन ह्य् अनर्थेन महता समुपावृतः ॥

Transliteration (IAST)

bhrātaraṃ ca vigarhasva jyeṣṭhaṃ durdyūtadevinam ||
yasyāsmi karmaṇā prāptā duḥkham etad anantakam ||
ko hi rājyaṃ parityajya sarvasvaṃ cātmanā saha ||
pravrajyāyaiva dīvyeta vinā durdyūtadevinam ||
yadi niṣkasahasreṇa yac cānyat sāravad dhanam ||
sāyaṃprātar adeviṣyad api saṃvatsarān bahūn ||
rukmaṃ hiraṇyaṃ vāsāṃsi yānaṃ yugyam ajāvikam ||
aśvāśvatarasaṃghāṃś ca na jātu kṣayam āvahet ||
so 'yaṃ dyūtapravādena śriyā pratyavaropitaḥ ||
tūṣṇīm āste yathā mūḍhaḥ svāni karmāṇi cintayan ||
daśa nāgasahasrāṇi padmināṃ hemamālinām ||
yaṃ yāntam anuyāntīha so 'yaṃ dyūtena jīvati ||
tathā śatasahasrāṇi nṛṇām amitatejasām ||
upāsate mahārājam indraprasthe yudhiṣṭhiram ||
śataṃ dāsīsahasrāṇi yasya nityaṃ mahānase ||
pātrīhastaṃ divārātram atithīn bhojayanty uta ||
eṣa niṣkasahasrāṇi pradāya dadatāṃ varaḥ ||
dyūtajena hy anarthena mahatā samupāvṛtaḥ ||

Word-by-word
SanskritIASTMeaning
भ्रातरंbhrātaraṃbrother
caand
विगर्हस्वvigarhasvaform of vigarhasva
ज्येष्ठंjyeṣṭhaṃelder
दुर्द्यूतदेविनम्durdyūtadevinamform of durdyūtadevinam
यस्यास्मिyasyāsmiform of yasyāsmi
कर्मणाkarmaṇāby deed, by action
प्राप्ताprāptāhaving arrived, come
दुःखम्duḥkhamsuffering
एतद्etadthis
अनन्तकम्anantakamform of anantakam
कोkowho?
हिhiindeed, for
राज्यंrājyaṃking
परित्यज्यparityajyaform of parityajya
सर्वस्वंsarvasvaṃform of sarvasvaṃ
चात्मनाcātmanāform of cātmanā
सहsahawith, together
प्रव्रज्यायैवpravrajyāyaivaform of pravrajyāyaiva
दीव्येतdīvyetaform of dīvyeta
विनाvināwithout
दुर्द्यूतदेविनम्durdyūtadevinamform of durdyūtadevinam
यदिyadiif
निष्कसहस्रेणniṣkasahasreṇaform of niṣkasahasreṇa
यच्yacwhich
चान्यत्cānyatform of cānyat
सारवद्sāravadto say
धनम्dhanamwealth, struck, killed
सायंप्रातर्sāyaṃprātarform of sāyaṃprātar
अदेविष्यद्adeviṣyadform of adeviṣyad
अपिapialso, even
संवत्सरान्saṃvatsarānform of saṃvatsarān
बहून्bahūnmany
रुक्मंrukmaṃform of rukmaṃ
हिरण्यंhiraṇyaṃform of hiraṇyaṃ
वासांसिvāsāṃsigarments
यानंyānaṃcarriage
युग्यम्yugyamform of yugyam
अजाविकम्ajāvikamform of ajāvikam
अश्वाश्वतरसंघांश्aśvāśvatarasaṃghāṃśform of aśvāśvatarasaṃghāṃś
caand
nanot
जातुjātuever
क्षयम्kṣayamform of kṣayam
आवहेत्āvahetform of āvahet
सोsoform of so
ऽयं'yaṃthis one
द्यूतप्रवादेनdyūtapravādenaform of dyūtapravādena
श्रियाśriyāby glory, by beauty
प्रत्यवरोपितःpratyavaropitaḥform of pratyavaropitaḥ
तूष्णीम्tūṣṇīmform of tūṣṇīm
आस्तेāstesits, abides
यथाyathāas, like
मूढःmūḍhaḥform of mūḍhaḥ
स्वानिsvāniform of svāni
कर्माणिkarmāṇideeds
चिन्तयन्cintayanform of cintayan
दशdaśaten
नागसहस्राणिnāgasahasrāṇielephant; naga
पद्मिनांpadmināṃform of padmināṃ
हेममालिनाम्hemamālināmform of hemamālinām
यंyaṃwhom, which
यान्तम्yāntamform of yāntam
अनुयान्तीहanuyāntīhaform of anuyāntīha
सोsoform of so
ऽयं'yaṃthis one
द्यूतेनdyūtenaby the dice game
जीवतिjīvatilives
तथाtathāthus, also
शतसहस्राणिśatasahasrāṇihundreds of thousands
नृणाम्nṛṇāmform of nṛṇām
अमिततेजसाम्amitatejasāmform of amitatejasām
उपासतेupāsateform of upāsate
महाराजम्mahārājamgreat, king
इन्द्रप्रस्थेindraprastheIndra
युधिष्ठिरम्yudhiṣṭhiramYudhishthira (acc.)
शतंśataṃhundred
दासीसहस्राणिdāsīsahasrāṇiform of dāsīsahasrāṇi
यस्यyasyawhose, of which
नित्यंnityaṃconstantly
महानसेmahānasegreat
पात्रीहस्तंpātrīhastaṃhand; elephant
दिवारात्रम्divārātramform of divārātram
अतिथीन्atithīnform of atithīn
भोजयन्त्य्bhojayantyBhoja, victory
उतutaor, also
एषeṣathis one
निष्कसहस्राणिniṣkasahasrāṇiform of niṣkasahasrāṇi
प्रदायpradāyaform of pradāya
ददतांdadatāṃform of dadatāṃ
वरःvaraḥbest
द्यूतजेनdyūtajenaform of dyūtajena
ह्य्hyindeed, for
अनर्थेनanarthenapurpose, deed, person, husband
महताmahatāgreat
समुपावृतःsamupāvṛtaḥform of samupāvṛtaḥ
Translation

"Reproach your elder brother, the wicked gambler, by whose deed I have come to this endless grief. Who but a wicked gambler would stake a kingdom and all his possessions, together with himself, only to be exiled? Had he played morning and evening for a thousand nishkas and other valuable wealth, even for many years, gold, silver, garments, carriages, draft-cattle, goats, sheep, and herds of horses and mules would never have come to ruin. But this man, cast down from his glory by a mere word about a game of dice, sits in silence like a fool, brooding over his own deeds. He whom ten thousand lotus-marked elephants in golden garlands once followed now lives by gambling. Hundreds of thousands of men of measureless might once served that great king Yudhishthira in Indraprastha. A hundred thousand slave-women, vessels in hand, fed his guests day and night in his kitchen. This best of givers, who once bestowed thousands of nishkas, is now overtaken by the great calamity born of gambling."

Version

7a300186de76 · published Jul 16, 2026, 6:11:28 PM UTC

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