Mahābhārata
Prajāgara (040) (Dhṛtarāṣṭra's Night of Anxiety, Chapters 33–40)5.40.21-25
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Mahābhārata · 5.40.21-25
Devanāgarī

प्रज्ञावृद्धं धर्मवृद्धं स्वबन्धुं; विद्यावृद्धं वयसा चापि वृद्धम् ॥
कार्याकार्ये पूजयित्वा प्रसाद्य; यः संपृच्छेन् न स मुह्येत् कदा चित् ॥
धृत्या शिश्नोदरं रक्षेत् पाणिपादं च चक्षुषा ॥
चक्षुःश्रोत्रे च मनसा मनो वाचं च कर्मणा ॥
नित्योदकी नित्ययज्ञोपवीती; नित्यस्वाध्यायी पतितान्नवर्जी ॥
ऋतं ब्रुवन् गुरवे कर्म कुर्वन्; न ब्राह्मणश् च्यवते ब्रह्मलोकात् ॥
अधीत्य वेदान् परिसंस्तीर्य चाग्नीन्; इष्ट्वा यज्ञैः पालयित्वा प्रजाश् च ॥
गोब्राह्मणार्थे शस्त्रपूतान्तरात्मा; हतः संग्रामे क्षत्रियः स्वर्गम् एति ॥
वैश्यो ऽधीत्य ब्राह्मणान् क्षत्रियांश् च; धनैः काले संविभज्याश्रितांश् च ॥
त्रेतापूतं धूमम् आघ्राय पुण्यं; प्रेत्य स्वर्गे देवसुखानि भुङ्क्ते ॥

Transliteración (IAST)

prajñāvṛddhaṃ dharmavṛddhaṃ svabandhuṃ; vidyāvṛddhaṃ vayasā cāpi vṛddham ||
kāryākārye pūjayitvā prasādya; yaḥ saṃpṛcchen na sa muhyet kadā cit ||
dhṛtyā śiśnodaraṃ rakṣet pāṇipādaṃ ca cakṣuṣā ||
cakṣuḥśrotre ca manasā mano vācaṃ ca karmaṇā ||
nityodakī nityayajñopavītī; nityasvādhyāyī patitānnavarjī ||
ṛtaṃ bruvan gurave karma kurvan; na brāhmaṇaś cyavate brahmalokāt ||
adhītya vedān parisaṃstīrya cāgnīn; iṣṭvā yajñaiḥ pālayitvā prajāś ca ||
gobrāhmaṇārthe śastrapūtāntarātmā; hataḥ saṃgrāme kṣatriyaḥ svargam eti ||
vaiśyo 'dhītya brāhmaṇān kṣatriyāṃś ca; dhanaiḥ kāle saṃvibhajyāśritāṃś ca ||
tretāpūtaṃ dhūmam āghrāya puṇyaṃ; pretya svarge devasukhāni bhuṅkte ||

Palabra por palabra
SánscritoIASTSignificado
प्रज्ञावृद्धंprajñāvṛddhaṃelder in wisdom; grown in understanding
धर्मवृद्धंdharmavṛddhaṃgrown in dharma; elder in righteousness
स्वबन्धुंsvabandhuṃone's own kinsman; a close relative
विद्यावृद्धंvidyāvṛddhaṃelder in knowledge; grown in learning
वयसाvayasāin age; by age
चापिcāpiand also; and even
वृद्धम्vṛddhamold; an elder
कार्याकार्येkāryākāryein what should and should not be done; about what to do and what not to do
पूजयित्वाpūjayitvāhaving honored; having shown respect
प्रसाद्यprasādyahaving pleased; having appeased
यःyaḥwho; which
संपृच्छेन्saṃpṛcchenwould ask; would consult
nanot; no
sahe; this one
मुह्येत्muhyetwould go astray; would fall into confusion
कदाkadāever; at any time
चित्citat all; whatsoever
धृत्याdhṛtyāwith fortitude; with firmness
शिश्नोदरंśiśnodaraṃsexual desire and the belly; the genitals and the stomach
रक्षेत्rakṣetlet him guard; should protect
पाणिपादंpāṇipādaṃhands and feet; the hands and feet
caand; also
चक्षुषाcakṣuṣāwith the eye; with sight
चक्षुःश्रोत्रेcakṣuḥśrotrethe eyes and ears; sight and hearing
caand; also
मनसाmanasāwith the mind; with thought
मनोmanothe mind; thought
वाचंvācaṃspeech; word
caand; also
कर्मणाkarmaṇāby deed; by action
नित्योदकीnityodakīalways keeping water; daily performing ablutions
नित्ययज्ञोपवीतीnityayajñopavītīalways wearing the sacred thread; constantly with the yajnopavita
नित्यस्वाध्यायीnityasvādhyāyīdaily studying the Veda; constant in sacred recitation
पतितान्नवर्जीpatitānnavarjīavoiding the food of the fallen; abstaining from impure food
ऋतंṛtaṃtruth; a truthful word
ब्रुवन्bruvanspeaking; uttering
गुरवेguraveto the teacher; to the preceptor
कर्मkarmadeed; action
कुर्वन्kurvandoing; performing
nanot; no
ब्राह्मणश्brāhmaṇaśa brahmin; of a brahmin
च्यवतेcyavatefalls; declines
ब्रह्मलोकात्brahmalokātfrom the world of Brahman; from Brahmaloka
अधीत्यadhītyahaving studied; having learned
वेदान्vedānthe Vedas; the sacred knowledge
परिसंस्तीर्यparisaṃstīryahaving laid out; having spread
चाग्नीन्cāgnīnand the fires; as well as the sacrificial fires
इष्ट्वाiṣṭvāhaving performed sacrifice; having honored with sacrifice
यज्ञैःyajñaiḥwith sacrifices; with rites
पालयित्वाpālayitvāhaving protected; having guarded
प्रजाश्prajāścreatures; subjects
caand; also
गोब्राह्मणार्थेgobrāhmaṇārthefor the sake of cows and brahmins; for the cause of cows and brahmins
शस्त्रपूतान्तरात्माśastrapūtāntarātmāpurified within by arms; whose soul is purified by weapons
हतःhataḥslain; struck down
संग्रामेsaṃgrāmein combat; in battle
क्षत्रियःkṣatriyaḥa kshatriya; a warrior-ruler
स्वर्गम्svargamheaven; paradise
एतिetigoes; attains
वैश्योvaiśyoa vaishya; a man of the merchant-farmer class
ऽधीत्य'dhītyahaving studied; having learned
ब्राह्मणान्brāhmaṇānbrahmins; priests
क्षत्रियांश्kṣatriyāṃśkshatriyas; warriors
caand; also
धनैःdhanaiḥwith wealth; with means
कालेkāleat the proper time; in due season
संविभज्याश्रितांश्saṃvibhajyāśritāṃśhaving shared with dependents; having shared with those seeking refuge
caand; also
त्रेतापूतंtretāpūtaṃpurified by the three fires; purified by the treta fire
धूमम्dhūmamsmoke; fragrant smoke
आघ्रायāghrāyahaving smelled; having inhaled
पुण्यंpuṇyaṃsacred; meritorious
प्रेत्यpretyaafter death; having departed life
स्वर्गेsvargein heaven; in paradise
देवसुखानिdevasukhānidivine joys; the delights of the gods
भुङ्क्तेbhuṅktereaps; enjoys
Traducción

Honoring and pleasing those distinguished by wisdom, virtue, learning, and age, one who asks their counsel on what should and should not be done is never led astray. One should restrain one's lust and belly with fortitude; one's hands and feet with the eyes; one's eyes and ears with the mind; and one's mind and speech with one's deeds. That brahmin who never fails to perform his ablutions, who always wears his sacred thread, who is ever engaged in the study of the Vedas, who always avoids impure food, who speaks the truth, and who performs his duties in honor of his teacher, never departs from the realm of Brahma. Having studied the Vedas, having poured libations into the fire, having performed sacrifices, having protected his subjects, having sanctified his soul, having taken up arms in defense of cattle and brahmins, and having fallen on the field of battle, a kshatriya attains heaven. Having studied the Vedas and distributed his wealth among brahmins, kshatriyas, and his dependents, and having inhaled the sanctified smoke of the three sacred fires, a vaishya enjoys heavenly bliss in the world beyond.

Versión

de9ce143c13e · publicado 17 jul 2026, 4:02:44 UTC

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