Mahabharata
Bhīṣmārjunayuddham (The Battle of Bhishma and Arjuna)6.55.3-18
5637 / 15823
Mahabharata · 6.55.3-18
Devanāgarī

संजय उवाच
गतपूर्वाह्णभूयिष्ठे तस्मिन्न् अहनि भारत ॥
जयं प्राप्तेषु हृष्टेषु पाण्डवेषु महात्मसु ॥
सर्वधर्मविशेषज्ञः पिता देवव्रतस् तव ॥
अभ्ययाज् जवनैर् अश्वैः पाण्डवानाम् अनीकिनीम् ॥
महत्या सेनया गुप्तस् तव पुत्रैश् च सर्वशः ॥
प्रावर्तत ततो युद्धं तुमुलं लोमहर्षणम् ॥
अस्माकं पाण्डवैः सार्धम् अनयात् तव भारत ॥
धनुषां कूजतां तत्र तलानां चाभिहन्यताम् ॥
महान् समभवच् छब्दो गिरीणाम् इव दीर्यताम् ॥
तिष्ठ स्थितो ऽस्मि विद्ध्य् एनं निवर्तस्व स्थिरो भव ॥
स्थितो ऽस्मि प्रहरस्वेति शब्दाः श्रूयन्त सर्वशः ॥
काञ्चनेषु तनुत्रेषु किरीटेषु ध्वजेषु च ॥
शिलानाम् इव शैलेषु पतितानाम् अभूत् स्वनः ॥
पतितान्य् उत्तमाङ्गानि बाहवश् च विभूषिताः ॥
व्यचेष्टन्त महीं प्राप्य शतशो ऽथ सहस्रशः ॥
हृतोत्तमाङ्गाः के चित् तु तथैवोद्यतकार्मुकाः ॥
प्रगृहीतायुधाश् चापि तस्थुः पुरुषसत्तमाः ॥
प्रावर्तत महावेगा नदी रुधिरवाहिनी ॥
मातङ्गाङ्गशिलारौद्रा मांसशोणितकर्दमा ॥
वराश्वनरनागानां शरीरप्रभवा तदा ॥
परलोकार्णवमुखी गृध्रगोमायुमोदिनी ॥
न दृष्टं न श्रुतं चापि युद्धम् एतादृशं नृप ॥
यथा तव सुतानां च पाण्डवानां च भारत ॥
नासीद् रथपथस् तत्र योधैर् युधि निपातितैः ॥
गजैश् च पतितैर् नीलैर् गिरिशृङ्गैर् इवावृतम् ॥
विकीर्णैः कवचैश् चित्रैर् ध्वजैश् छत्रैश् च मारिष ॥
शुशुभे तद् रणस्थानं शरदीव नभस्तलम् ॥
विनिर्भिन्नाः शरैः के चिद् अन्तपीडाविकर्षिणः ॥
अभीताः समरे शत्रून् अभ्यधावन्त दंशिताः ॥
तात भ्रातः सखे बन्धो वयस्य मम मातुल ॥
मा मां परित्यजेत्य् अन्ये चुक्रुशुः पतिता रणे ॥
आधावाभ्येहि मा गच्छ किं भीतो ऽसि क्व यास्यसि ॥
स्थितो ऽहं समरे मा भैर् इति चान्ये विचुक्रुशुः ॥

Transliteration (IAST)

saṃjaya uvāca
gatapūrvāhṇabhūyiṣṭhe tasminn ahani bhārata ||
jayaṃ prāpteṣu hṛṣṭeṣu pāṇḍaveṣu mahātmasu ||
sarvadharmaviśeṣajñaḥ pitā devavratas tava ||
abhyayāj javanair aśvaiḥ pāṇḍavānām anīkinīm ||
mahatyā senayā guptas tava putraiś ca sarvaśaḥ ||
prāvartata tato yuddhaṃ tumulaṃ lomaharṣaṇam ||
asmākaṃ pāṇḍavaiḥ sārdham anayāt tava bhārata ||
dhanuṣāṃ kūjatāṃ tatra talānāṃ cābhihanyatām ||
mahān samabhavac chabdo girīṇām iva dīryatām ||
tiṣṭha sthito 'smi viddhy enaṃ nivartasva sthiro bhava ||
sthito 'smi praharasveti śabdāḥ śrūyanta sarvaśaḥ ||
kāñcaneṣu tanutreṣu kirīṭeṣu dhvajeṣu ca ||
śilānām iva śaileṣu patitānām abhūt svanaḥ ||
patitāny uttamāṅgāni bāhavaś ca vibhūṣitāḥ ||
vyaceṣṭanta mahīṃ prāpya śataśo 'tha sahasraśaḥ ||
hṛtottamāṅgāḥ ke cit tu tathaivodyatakārmukāḥ ||
pragṛhītāyudhāś cāpi tasthuḥ puruṣasattamāḥ ||
prāvartata mahāvegā nadī rudhiravāhinī ||
mātaṅgāṅgaśilāraudrā māṃsaśoṇitakardamā ||
varāśvanaranāgānāṃ śarīraprabhavā tadā ||
paralokārṇavamukhī gṛdhragomāyumodinī ||
na dṛṣṭaṃ na śrutaṃ cāpi yuddham etādṛśaṃ nṛpa ||
yathā tava sutānāṃ ca pāṇḍavānāṃ ca bhārata ||
nāsīd rathapathas tatra yodhair yudhi nipātitaiḥ ||
gajaiś ca patitair nīlair giriśṛṅgair ivāvṛtam ||
vikīrṇaiḥ kavacaiś citrair dhvajaiś chatraiś ca māriṣa ||
śuśubhe tad raṇasthānaṃ śaradīva nabhastalam ||
vinirbhinnāḥ śaraiḥ ke cid antapīḍāvikarṣiṇaḥ ||
abhītāḥ samare śatrūn abhyadhāvanta daṃśitāḥ ||
tāta bhrātaḥ sakhe bandho vayasya mama mātula ||
mā māṃ parityajety anye cukruśuḥ patitā raṇe ||
ādhāvābhyehi mā gaccha kiṃ bhīto 'si kva yāsyasi ||
sthito 'haṃ samare mā bhair iti cānye vicukruśuḥ ||

Word-by-word
SanskritIASTMeaning
संजय उवाचsaṃjaya uvācaSanjaya said; Sanjaya spoke
गतपूर्वाह्णभूयिष्ठेgatapūrvāhṇabhūyiṣṭhewhen most of the morning had passed; as the greater part of the morning had gone by
तस्मिन् अहनि भारतtasmin ahani bhārataon that day, O Bharata; on this day, O Bharata
जयं प्राप्तेषु हृष्टेषुjayaṃ prāpteṣu hṛṣṭeṣuamong the joyful Pandavas who had gained victory; the rejoicing Pandavas after their success
पाण्डवेषु महात्मसुpāṇḍaveṣu mahātmasuamong the great-souled Pandavas; among the great Pandavas
सर्वधर्मविशेषज्ञःsarvadharmaviśeṣajñaḥknower of all the fine points of dharma; one versed in the distinctions of dharma
पिता देवव्रतः तवpitā devavrataḥ tavayour father Devavrata; Devavrata, your father
अभ्ययात् जवनैर् अश्वैःabhyayāt javanair aśvaiḥadvanced on swift horses; rushed forward on fleet steeds
पाण्डवानाम् अनीकिनीम्pāṇḍavānām anīkinīmtoward the army of the Pandavas; against the host of the sons of Pandu
महत्या सेनया गुप्तःmahatyā senayā guptaḥprotected by a great army; shielded by a large force
तव पुत्रैः च सर्वशःtava putraiḥ ca sarvaśaḥand by your sons on every side; surrounded on all sides by your sons
प्रावर्तत ततः युद्धम्prāvartata tataḥ yuddhamthen the battle began; thereupon the fight broke out
तुमुलम् लोमहर्षणम्tumulam lomaharṣaṇamtumultuous, hair-raising; wild, causing the hair to stand on end
अस्माकम् पाण्डवैः सार्धम्asmākam pāṇḍavaiḥ sārdhambetween ours and the Pandavas; between us and the Pandavas
अनयात् तव भारतanayāt tava bhāratathrough your recklessness, O Bharata; on account of your fault
धनुषाम् कूजताम् तत्रdhanuṣām kūjatām tatraof bows twanging there; when bows roared there
तलानाम् च अभिहन्यताम्talānām ca abhihanyatāmand of palms being struck; and bowstrings slapping
महान् समभवत् शब्दःmahān samabhavat śabdaḥa great sound arose; an enormous din rose up
गिरीणाम् इव दीर्यताम्girīṇām iva dīryatāmlike mountains being split apart; as if mountains were cracking
तिष्ठ स्थितः अस्मिtiṣṭha sthitaḥ asmi"Stand! I am standing!"; "Stand! I am here!"
विद्धि एनम् निवर्तस्वviddhi enam nivartasva"Strike him! Turn back!"; "Hit him! Come back!"
स्थिरः भवsthiraḥ bhava"Be firm!"; "Hold steady!"
स्थितः अस्मि प्रहरस्व इतिsthitaḥ asmi praharasva iti"I am standing, strike!" — thus; "I am here, attack!"
शब्दाः श्रूयन्त सर्वशःśabdāḥ śrūyanta sarvaśaḥcries were heard on every side; shouts rang out everywhere
काञ्चनेषु तनुत्रेषुkāñcaneṣu tanutreṣuon golden armor; on gilded mail
किरीटेषु ध्वजेषु चkirīṭeṣu dhvajeṣu caon helmets and banners; on crowns and standards
शिलानाम् इव शैलेषुśilānām iva śaileṣulike stones on mountains; as when rocks strike cliffs
पतितानाम् अभूत् स्वनःpatitānām abhūt svanaḥof those falling there arose a crash; there came the din of falling
पतितानि उत्तमाङ्गानिpatitāni uttamāṅgānifallen heads; severed heads fell
बाहवः च विभूषिताःbāhavaḥ ca vibhūṣitāḥand adorned arms; and bejeweled arms
व्यचेष्टन्त महीम् प्राप्यvyaceṣṭanta mahīm prāpyatwitched upon reaching the ground; writhed after falling to earth
शतशः अथ सहस्रशःśataśaḥ atha sahasraśaḥby hundreds and then by thousands; in their hundreds, then thousands
हृतोत्तमाङ्गाः के चित् तुhṛtottamāṅgāḥ ke cit tusome, though beheaded; others, with heads shorn off
तथा एव उद्यतकार्मुकाःtathā eva udyatakārmukāḥstill with bows raised; just the same, holding bows aloft
प्रगृहीतायुधाः च अपिpragṛhītāyudhāḥ ca apiand weapons still grasped; and with weapons still in hand
तस्थुः पुरुषसत्तमाःtasthuḥ puruṣasattamāḥthe best of men stood; the foremost warriors remained standing
प्रावर्तत महावेगाprāvartata mahāvegāa swift-flowing river surged forth; a fast-rushing river poured out
नदी रुधिरवाहिनीnadī rudhiravāhinīa river carrying blood; a bloody river
मातङ्गाङ्गशिलारौद्राmātaṅgāṅgaśilāraudrāterrible with the flesh and stones of elephants; dreadful with elephants' bodies
मांसशोणितकर्दमाmāṃsaśoṇitakardamāwith mud of flesh and blood; with a mire of flesh and gore
वराश्वनरनागानाम्varāśvanaranāgānāmof the finest horses, men, and elephants; of choice horses, warriors, elephants
शरीरप्रभवा तदाśarīraprabhavā tadāborn then from bodies; then arising from bodies
परलोकार्णवमुखीparalokārṇavamukhīmouth opening onto the ocean of the other world; flowing toward the sea of the next world
गृध्रगोमायुमोदिनीgṛdhragomāyumodinīdelighting vultures and jackals; gladdening the scavengers
न दृष्टम् न श्रुतम्na dṛṣṭam na śrutamnever seen nor heard of; there had never been seen
च अपिca apiand also; and even
युद्धम् एतादृशम् नृपyuddham etādṛśam nṛpasuch a battle, O king; a battle like this, O lord
यथा तव सुतानाम् चyathā tava sutānām caas between your sons; as that of your sons
पाण्डवानाम् च भारतpāṇḍavānām ca bhārataand the Pandavas, O Bharata; and the sons of Pandu
न आसीत् रथपथः तत्रna āsīt rathapathaḥ tatrathere was no path for chariots there; the chariot-road vanished there
योधैः युधि निपातितैःyodhaiḥ yudhi nipātitaiḥbecause of warriors felled in battle; on account of fallen fighters
गजैः च पतितैः नीलैःgajaiḥ ca patitaiḥ nīlaiḥand fallen dark elephants; and fallen black elephants
गिरिशृङ्गैः इव आवृतम्giriśṛṅgaiḥ iva āvṛtamas if covered with mountain peaks; as though blocked by mountain crags
विकीर्णैः कवचैः चित्रैःvikīrṇaiḥ kavacaiḥ citraiḥwith scattered bright armor; with strewn colorful mail
ध्वजैः छत्रैः च मारिषdhvajaiḥ chatraiḥ ca māriṣabanners and parasols, O venerable one; standards, parasols, O lord
शुशुभे तत् रणस्थानम्śuśubhe tat raṇasthānamthat battlefield shone; the place of battle glowed
शरदि इव नभस्तलम्śaradi iva nabhastalamlike the autumn sky; as if it were the autumn heavens
विनिर्भिन्नाः शरैः के चिद्vinirbhinnāḥ śaraiḥ ke cidsome, pierced through by arrows; others, run through by shafts
अन्तपीडाविकर्षिणःantapīḍāvikarṣiṇaḥdragging out their entrails; pulling out their bowels
अभीताः समरे शत्रून्abhītāḥ samare śatrūnfearless toward the enemy in battle; unafraid of foes
अभ्यधावन्त दंशिताःabhyadhāvanta daṃśitāḥcharged, still in their armor; rushed forward, mail-clad
तात भ्रातः सखे बन्धोtāta bhrātaḥ sakhe bandho"Father! Brother! Friend! Kinsman!"; "Father! Brother! Comrade!"
वयस्य मम मातुलvayasya mama mātula"Companion! My uncle!"; "Friend of my youth, my uncle!"
मा माम् परित्यज इतिmā mām parityaja iti"Do not abandon me" — thus; "Do not forsake me"
अन्ये चुक्रुशुः पतिता रणेanye cukruśuḥ patitā raṇeothers cried out, fallen in battle; the fallen in battle wailed
आधाव अभ्येहि मा गच्छādhāva abhyehi mā gaccha"Run! Come here! Do not go!"; "Rush forward! Draw near! Stay!"
किम् भीतः असि क्व यास्यसिkim bhītaḥ asi kva yāsyasi"Why are you afraid? Where will you go?"; "What frightens you? Where will you flee?"
स्थितः अहम् समरेsthitaḥ aham samare"I stand in battle"; "I hold my ground in the fight"
मा भैः इति च अन्येmā bhaiḥ iti ca anye"do not fear" — and others; others cried: "do not be afraid"
विचुक्रुशुःvicukruśuḥcried out loudly; wailed
Translation

Sanjaya said: "On that day, O Bharata, when most of the morning had already passed and the great-souled Pandavas were rejoicing in the success they had won, your father Devavrata, knower of every fine point of dharma, advanced on swift horses against the army of the Pandavas. He was shielded by a great host, and your sons surrounded him on every side. Then, through your recklessness, O Bharata, a tumultuous, hair-raising battle broke out between our side and the Pandavas. The roar of twanging bows and slapping bowstrings was like the crash of mountains splitting apart. On every side were heard the cries: 'Stand!' 'I am standing!' 'Strike him!' 'Turn back!' 'Be firm!' 'Strike, I am here!' Blows upon golden armor, helmets, and banners resounded like stones falling upon cliffs. Severed heads and bejeweled arms, by the hundreds and thousands, twitched after falling to the ground; some of the finest warriors stood headless, still holding their bows aloft with weapons in hand. A swift, blood-carrying river surged forth — dreadful with the bodies of elephants, thick with the mire of flesh and blood, born from the bodies of the finest horses, men, and elephants, flowing toward the ocean of the next world and delighting vultures and jackals. O king, never had such a battle been seen or heard of as that between your sons and the Pandavas, O Bharata. There was no path left for chariots there, blocked as it was, as if by mountain peaks, with warriors and dark elephants fallen in the fighting. Scattered bright armor, banners, and parasols made that battlefield shine like the autumn sky, O venerable one. Some, pierced through by arrows that dragged out their entrails, still charged fearlessly at the enemy, clad in armor; others, fallen in the fight, cried out: 'Father! Brother! Friend! Kinsman! Companion! My uncle! Do not abandon me!' Still others shouted: 'Run! Come here! Do not go! Why are you afraid? Where will you flee? I stand my ground in battle — do not fear!'"

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78382ae1c09f · published Jul 17, 2026, 9:22:45 PM UTC

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