Upaniṣads Garbha 3

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Upaniṣads · Garbha 3

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Devanāgarī

सप्तधातुकम् इति कस्मात् शुक्लो रक्तः कृष्णो धूम्रः पीतः कपिलः पाण्डुर इति यथा देवदत्तस्य द्रव्यादिविषया जायन्ते परस्परं सौम्यगुणत्वात् षड्विधो रसः रसाच् छोणितं शोणितान् मांसं मांसान् मेदो मेदसः स्नायवः स्नायुभ्यो ऽस्थीनि अस्थिभ्यो मज्जा मज्जातः शुक्रं शुक्रशोणितसंयोगाद् आवर्तते गर्भो हृदि व्यवस्थां नयति हृदये ऽन्तर् आग्निः अग्निस्थाने पित्तं पित्तस्थाने वायुः वायुतो हृदयं प्राजापत्यात् क्रमात्

Transliteración (IAST)

saptadhātukam iti kasmāt śuklo raktaḥ kṛṣṇo dhūmraḥ pītaḥ kapilaḥ pāṇḍura iti yathā devadattasya dravyādiviṣayā jāyante parasparaṃ saumyaguṇatvāt ṣaḍvidho rasaḥ rasāc choṇitaṃ śoṇitān māṃsaṃ māṃsān medo medasaḥ snāyavaḥ snāyubhyo 'sthīni asthibhyo majjā majjātaḥ śukraṃ śukraśoṇitasaṃyogād āvartate garbho hṛdi vyavasthāṃ nayati hṛdaye 'ntar āgniḥ agnisthāne pittaṃ pittasthāne vāyuḥ vāyuto hṛdayaṃ prājāpatyāt kramāt

Palabra por palabra

SánscritoIASTSignificado

सप्तधातुकम् इति कस्मात्saptadhātukam iti kasmāt“of seven constituents” — why; why is it said “of seven dhātus”

शुक्लः रक्तः कृष्णः धूम्रःśuklaḥ raktaḥ kṛṣṇaḥ dhūmraḥwhite, red, black, smoky; the white, the crimson, the dark, the smoke-hued

पीतः कपिलः पाण्डुरः इतिpītaḥ kapilaḥ pāṇḍuraḥ itiyellow, tawny, pale; the yellow, the reddish, the pallid

परस्परम् सौम्यगुणत्वात्parasparam saumyaguṇatvātby their mutual lunar nature; owing to their mutual soma-nature

षड्विधः रसःṣaḍvidhaḥ rasaḥthe sixfold juice; the six-form rasa

रसात् शोणितम् शोणितात् मांसम्rasāt śoṇitam śoṇitāt māṃsamfrom juice — blood, from blood — flesh; from rasa comes blood, from blood flesh

मांसात् मेदः मेदसः स्नायवःmāṃsāt medaḥ medasaḥ snāyavaḥfrom flesh — fat, from fat — sinews; from flesh fat, from fat sinews

स्नायुभ्यः अस्थीनि अस्थिभ्यः मज्जाsnāyubhyaḥ asthīni asthibhyaḥ majjāfrom sinews — bones, from bones — marrow; from sinews bones, from bones marrow

मज्जातः शुक्रम्majjātaḥ śukramfrom marrow — seed; from marrow seed

शुक्रशोणितसंयोगात् आवर्तते गर्भःśukraśoṇitasaṃyogāt āvartate garbhaḥfrom the union of seed and blood the embryo arises; from the joining of seed and blood the foetus is formed

हृदि व्यवस्थाम् नयतिhṛdi vyavasthām nayatiin the heart it obtains its ordering; it is brought to order in the heart

हृदये अन्तः अग्निःhṛdaye antaḥ agniḥwithin the heart — fire; inside the heart is flame

अग्निस्थाने पित्तम्agnisthāne pittamin the place of fire — bile; where the fire is, there is pitta

पित्तस्थाने वायुःpittasthāne vāyuḥin the place of bile — wind; where the pitta is, there is vāyu

वायुतः हृदयम्vāyutaḥ hṛdayamfrom wind — the heart; from the wind, the heart

प्राजापत्यात् क्रमात्prājāpatyāt kramātby the order of Prajāpati; according to Prajāpati's sequence

Traducción

“Of seven constituents” — why? White, red, black, smoky, yellow, tawny, pale. As objects of things arise for Devadatta, so by their mutual lunar nature there is the sixfold juice; from juice — blood, from blood — flesh, from flesh — fat, from fat — sinews, from sinews — bones, from bones — marrow, from marrow — seed. From the union of seed and blood the embryo arises and obtains its ordering in the heart. Within the heart is fire, in the place of fire bile, in the place of bile wind, and from wind — the heart, by the order of Prajāpati.

Comentario

The seven constituents, dhātu, are the series on which the whole of Indian medicine stands: rasa, blood, flesh, fat, bones, marrow, seed.

And it is said that each is born of the one before. Food becomes juice, juice becomes blood, and so on up to the seed; at every step the substance grows subtler.

This is an ancient and very orderly thought: the body is the working-up of what has been eaten, and at the top of the working stands that from which a new body will be born.

Note the name Devadatta. So the Sanskrit books call a man in general — as we say “so-and-so”; in the examples of the grammarians and logicians he is the perpetual hero.

Then comes a circle of three: in the heart fire, in the fire's place bile, in the bile's place wind, and from the wind — the heart.

The circle is closed on purpose: we began with the heart and returned to the heart. The living body is described not as a ladder but as that which sustains itself.

Pitta and vāyu are two of the three “trunks” of the medical science; the third, kapha, will be named in the last section, where its measure is counted.

And last: prājāpatyāt kramāt — “by the order of Prajāpati”. This order is not the body's invention; it was laid down by the Creator.

Versión

1a7edd5bc019 · publicado 29 jul 2026, 2:57:05 UTC

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