शरीरम् इति कस्मात् अग्नयो ह्य् अत्र श्रियन्ते ज्ञानाग्निर् दर्शनाग्निः कोष्ठाग्निर् इति तत्र कोष्ठाग्निर् नामाशितपीतलेह्यचोष्यं पचति दर्शनाग्निर् रूपाणां दर्शनं करोति ज्ञानाग्निः शुभाशुभं च कर्म विन्दति त्रीणि स्थानानि भवन्ति मुखे आहवनीय उदरे गार्हपत्यो हृदि दक्षिणाग्निः आत्मा यजमानो मनो ब्रह्मा लोभादयः पशवो धृतिर् दीक्षा संतोषश् च बुद्धीन्द्रियाणि यज्ञपात्राणि कर्मेन्द्रियाणि हवींषि शिरः कपालं केशा दर्भाः मुखम् अन्तर्वेदिः चतुष्कपालं शिरः षोडश पार्श्वदन्तपटलानि सप्तोत्तरं मर्मशतं साशीतिकं संधिशतं सनवकं स्नायुशतं सप्त सिराशतानि पञ्च मज्जाशतानि अस्थीनि च ह वै त्रीणि शतानि षष्टिः सार्धचतस्रो रोमाणि कोट्यो हृदयं पलान्य् अष्टौ द्वादश पला जिह्वा पित्तप्रस्थं कफस्याढकं शुक्रकुडवं मेदः प्रस्थौ द्वाव् अनियतं मूत्रपुरीषम् आहारपरिमाणात् पैप्पलादं मोक्षशास्त्रं पैप्पलादं मोक्षशास्त्रम् इति
śarīram iti kasmāt agnayo hy atra śriyante jñānāgnir darśanāgniḥ koṣṭhāgnir iti tatra koṣṭhāgnir nāmāśitapītalehyacoṣyaṃ pacati darśanāgnir rūpāṇāṃ darśanaṃ karoti jñānāgniḥ śubhāśubhaṃ ca karma vindati trīṇi sthānāni bhavanti mukhe āhavanīya udare gārhapatyo hṛdi dakṣiṇāgniḥ ātmā yajamāno mano brahmā lobhādayaḥ paśavo dhṛtir dīkṣā saṃtoṣaś ca buddhīndriyāṇi yajñapātrāṇi karmendriyāṇi havīṃṣi śiraḥ kapālaṃ keśā darbhāḥ mukham antarvediḥ catuṣkapālaṃ śiraḥ ṣoḍaśa pārśvadantapaṭalāni saptottaraṃ marmaśataṃ sāśītikaṃ saṃdhiśataṃ sanavakaṃ snāyuśataṃ sapta sirāśatāni pañca majjāśatāni asthīni ca ha vai trīṇi śatāni ṣaṣṭiḥ sārdhacatasro romāṇi koṭyo hṛdayaṃ palāny aṣṭau dvādaśa palā jihvā pittaprasthaṃ kaphasyāḍhakaṃ śukrakuḍavaṃ medaḥ prasthau dvāv aniyataṃ mūtrapurīṣam āhāraparimāṇāt paippalādaṃ mokṣaśāstraṃ paippalādaṃ mokṣaśāstram iti
“The body” — why is it so called? Because here fires are kindled: the fire of knowledge, the fire of sight and the fire of the belly. Of these the belly-fire digests what is eaten, drunk, licked and sucked; the fire of sight makes the seeing of forms; the fire of knowledge finds the deeds good and evil. And they have three places: in the mouth the offering fire, in the belly the householder's fire, in the heart the southern fire. The Ātman is the sacrificer, the mind the brahmā-priest, greed and the rest are the sacrificial beasts, steadfastness is the consecration, and contentment; the knowing senses are the sacrificial vessels, the acting senses the oblations, the head the bowl, the hairs the darbha grass, the mouth the inner altar. The skull is of four parts, there are sixteen rows of side teeth, a hundred and seven vital points, a hundred and eighty joints, a hundred and nine sinews, seven hundred vessels, five hundred parts of marrow, and of bones three hundred and sixty; of hairs three and a half koṭis; the heart is eight palas, the tongue twelve palas, of bile a prastha, of phlegm an āḍhaka, of seed a kuḍava, of fat two prasthas; and of urine and excrement — as much as comes by the measure of food. Such is the Paippalāda science of liberation, such is the Paippalāda science of liberation.
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The last section, in which the book explains the very word “body” — and does with it what no one expects.
Śarīra is derived from the root śri, “to kindle, to lodge”: the body is that in which fires are kindled.
The fires are three: of the belly, of sight, and of knowledge. The first digests, the second shows the shapes, the third “finds the deeds good and evil” — that is, in it lives the conscience.
Then comes that for which the section deserves slow reading. These three fires are identified with the householder's three sacrificial fires: the āhavanīya in the mouth, the gārhapatya in the belly, the dakṣiṇa in the heart.
And then the whole rite is set out: the Ātman is the one who offers; the mind is the priest; greed and the other vices are the sacrificial beasts; steadfastness is the consecration; the senses of knowledge are the utensils, the senses of action the oblations; the head is the bowl, the hair the sacred grass, the mouth the altar.
And this is the book's summation. The body, described through twelve sections as a warehouse of impurities, terms and vessels, is proclaimed a sacrificial ground.
Nothing has been cancelled: the greed is still in place, and the measure of urine is counted. But all of it has turned out to be utensils.
Note the inventory at the end: three hundred and sixty bones, a hundred and seven vital points, three and a half koṭis of hairs. These numbers are from the medical books, and the book cites them as calmly as it listed the fires.
The last words — paippalādaṃ mokṣaśāstram, “the Paippalāda science of liberation”, repeated twice, as the end of an upaniṣad is always repeated. Paippalāda is a school of the Atharvaveda.
And on this the book sets its full stop: what has been described is named not a science of the body, but a science of liberation.