摩诃婆罗多
Uśīnara-kapota-śyena-dharma-parva (Ushinara, the Dove, and the Hawk)3.131.13-24
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摩诃婆罗多 · 3.131.13-24
天城文

राजोवाच
बहुकल्याणसंयुक्तं भाषसे विहगोत्तम ॥
सुपर्णः पक्षिराट् किं त्वं धर्मज्ञश् चास्य् असंशयम् ॥
तथा हि धर्मसंयुक्तं बहु चित्रं प्रभाषसे ॥
न ते ऽस्त्य् अविदितं किं चिद् इति त्वा लक्षयाम्य् अहम् ॥
शरणैषिणः परित्यागं कथं साध्व् इति मन्यसे ॥
आहारार्थं समारम्भस् तव चायं विहंगम ॥
शक्यश् चाप्य् अन्यथा कर्तुम् आहारो ऽप्य् अधिकस् त्वया ॥
गोवृषो वा वराहो वा मृगो वा महिषो ऽपि वा ॥
त्वदर्थम् अद्य क्रियतां यद् वान्यद् अभिकाङ्क्षसे ॥
श्येन उवाच
न वराहं न चोक्षाणं न मृगान् विविधांस् तथा ॥
भक्षयामि महाराज किम् अन्नाद्येन तेन मे ॥
यस् तु मे दैवविहितो भक्षः क्षत्रियपुंगव ॥
तम् उत्सृज महीपाल कपोतम् इमम् एव मे ॥
श्येनाः कपोतान् खादन्ति स्थितिर् एषा सनातनी ॥
मा राजन् मार्गम् आज्ञाय कदलीस्कन्धम् आरुह ॥
राजोवाच
राज्यं शिबीनाम् ऋद्धं वै शाधि पक्षिगणार्चित ॥
यद् वा कामयसे किं चिच् छ्येन सर्वं ददानि ते ॥
विनेमं पक्षिणं श्येन शरणार्थिनम् आगतम् ॥
येनेमं वर्जयेथास् त्वं कर्मणा पक्षिसत्तम ॥
तद् आचक्ष्व करिष्यामि न हि दास्ये कपोतकम् ॥
श्येन उवाच
उशीनर कपोते ते यदि स्नेहो नराधिप ॥
आत्मनो मांसम् उत्कृत्य कपोततुलया धृतम् ॥
यदा समं कपोतेन तव मांसं भवेन् नृप ॥
तदा प्रदेयं तन् मह्यं सा मे तुष्टिर् भविष्यति ॥
राजोवाच
अनुग्रहम् इमं मन्ये श्येन यन् माभियाचसे ॥
तस्मात् ते ऽद्य प्रदास्यामि स्वमांसं तुलया धृतम् ॥

转写 (IAST)

rājovāca
bahukalyāṇasaṃyuktaṃ bhāṣase vihagottama ||
suparṇaḥ pakṣirāṭ kiṃ tvaṃ dharmajñaś cāsy asaṃśayam ||
tathā hi dharmasaṃyuktaṃ bahu citraṃ prabhāṣase ||
na te 'sty aviditaṃ kiṃ cid iti tvā lakṣayāmy aham ||
śaraṇaiṣiṇaḥ parityāgaṃ kathaṃ sādhv iti manyase ||
āhārārthaṃ samārambhas tava cāyaṃ vihaṃgama ||
śakyaś cāpy anyathā kartum āhāro 'py adhikas tvayā ||
govṛṣo vā varāho vā mṛgo vā mahiṣo 'pi vā ||
tvadartham adya kriyatāṃ yad vānyad abhikāṅkṣase ||
śyena uvāca
na varāhaṃ na cokṣāṇaṃ na mṛgān vividhāṃs tathā ||
bhakṣayāmi mahārāja kim annādyena tena me ||
yas tu me daivavihito bhakṣaḥ kṣatriyapuṃgava ||
tam utsṛja mahīpāla kapotam imam eva me ||
śyenāḥ kapotān khādanti sthitir eṣā sanātanī ||
mā rājan mārgam ājñāya kadalīskandham āruha ||
rājovāca
rājyaṃ śibīnām ṛddhaṃ vai śādhi pakṣigaṇārcita ||
yad vā kāmayase kiṃ cic chyena sarvaṃ dadāni te ||
vinemaṃ pakṣiṇaṃ śyena śaraṇārthinam āgatam ||
yenemaṃ varjayethās tvaṃ karmaṇā pakṣisattama ||
tad ācakṣva kariṣyāmi na hi dāsye kapotakam ||
śyena uvāca
uśīnara kapote te yadi sneho narādhipa ||
ātmano māṃsam utkṛtya kapotatulayā dhṛtam ||
yadā samaṃ kapotena tava māṃsaṃ bhaven nṛpa ||
tadā pradeyaṃ tan mahyaṃ sā me tuṣṭir bhaviṣyati ||
rājovāca
anugraham imaṃ manye śyena yan mābhiyācase ||
tasmāt te 'dya pradāsyāmi svamāṃsaṃ tulayā dhṛtam ||

逐字释义
梵语IAST释义
राजोवाच बहुकल्याणसंयुक्तं भाषसे विहगोत्तम ॥ सुपर्णः पक्षिराट् किं त्वं धर्मज्ञश् चास्य् असंशयम् ॥ तथा हि धर्मसंयुक्तं बहु चित्रं प्रभाषसे ॥ न ते ऽस्त्य् अविदितं किं चिद् इति त्वा लक्षयाम्य् अहम् ॥ शरणैषिणः परित्यागं कथं साध्व् इति मन्यसे ॥ आहारार्थं समारम्भस् तव चायं विहंगम ॥ शक्यश् चाप्य् अन्यथा कर्तुम् आहारो ऽप्य् अधिकस् त्वया ॥ गोवृषो वा वराहो वा मृगो वा महिषो ऽपि वा ॥ त्वदर्थम् अद्य क्रियतां यद् वान्यद् अभिकाङ्क्षसे ॥ श्येन उवाच न वराहं न चोक्षाणं न मृगान् विविधांस् तथा ॥ भक्षयामि महाराज किम् अन्नाद्येन तेन मे ॥ यस् तु मे दैवविहितो भक्षः क्षत्रियपुंगव ॥ तम् उत्सृज महीपाल कपोतम् इमम् एव मे ॥ श्येनाः कपोतान् खादन्ति स्थितिर् एषा सनातनी ॥ मा राजन् मार्गम् आज्ञाय कदलीस्कन्धम् आरुह ॥ राजोवाच राज्यं शिबीनाम् ऋद्धं वै शाधि पक्षिगणार्चित ॥ यद् वा कामयसे किं चिच् छ्येन सर्वं ददानि ते ॥ विनेमं पक्षिणं श्येन शरणार्थिनम् आगतम् ॥ येनेमं वर्जयेथास् त्वं कर्मणा पक्षिसत्तम ॥ तद् आचक्ष्व करिष्यामि न हि दास्ये कपोतकम् ॥ श्येन उवाच उशीनर कपोते ते यदि स्नेहो नराधिप ॥ आत्मनो मांसम् उत्कृत्य कपोततुलया धृतम् ॥ यदा समं कपोतेन तव मांसं भवेन् नृप ॥ तदा प्रदेयं तन् मह्यं सा मे तुष्टिर् भविष्यति ॥ राजोवाच अनुग्रहम् इमं मन्ये श्येन यन् माभियाचसे ॥ तस्मात् ते ऽद्य प्रदास्यामि स्वमांसं तुलया धृतम् ॥rājovāca bahukalyāṇasaṃyuktaṃ bhāṣase vihagottama || suparṇaḥ pakṣirāṭ kiṃ tvaṃ dharmajñaś cāsy asaṃśayam || tathā hi dharmasaṃyuktaṃ bahu citraṃ prabhāṣase || na te 'sty aviditaṃ kiṃ cid iti tvā lakṣayāmy aham || śaraṇaiṣiṇaḥ parityāgaṃ kathaṃ sādhv iti manyase || āhārārthaṃ samārambhas tava cāyaṃ vihaṃgama || śakyaś cāpy anyathā kartum āhāro 'py adhikas tvayā || govṛṣo vā varāho vā mṛgo vā mahiṣo 'pi vā || tvadartham adya kriyatāṃ yad vānyad abhikāṅkṣase || śyena uvāca na varāhaṃ na cokṣāṇaṃ na mṛgān vividhāṃs tathā || bhakṣayāmi mahārāja kim annādyena tena me || yas tu me daivavihito bhakṣaḥ kṣatriyapuṃgava || tam utsṛja mahīpāla kapotam imam eva me || śyenāḥ kapotān khādanti sthitir eṣā sanātanī || mā rājan mārgam ājñāya kadalīskandham āruha || rājovāca rājyaṃ śibīnām ṛddhaṃ vai śādhi pakṣigaṇārcita || yad vā kāmayase kiṃ cic chyena sarvaṃ dadāni te || vinemaṃ pakṣiṇaṃ śyena śaraṇārthinam āgatam || yenemaṃ varjayethās tvaṃ karmaṇā pakṣisattama || tad ācakṣva kariṣyāmi na hi dāsye kapotakam || śyena uvāca uśīnara kapote te yadi sneho narādhipa || ātmano māṃsam utkṛtya kapotatulayā dhṛtam || yadā samaṃ kapotena tava māṃsaṃ bhaven nṛpa || tadā pradeyaṃ tan mahyaṃ sā me tuṣṭir bhaviṣyati || rājovāca anugraham imaṃ manye śyena yan mābhiyācase || tasmāt te 'dya pradāsyāmi svamāṃsaṃ tulayā dhṛtam ||The king says that the hawk speaks much that is excellent, and surely knows dharma; perhaps he is Suparna, king of birds, since he speaks so variously and in accord with dharma; the king perceives that nothing is unknown to him, yet asks how he can consider it good to abandon one who seeks refuge; the hawk's effort is for the sake of food, and food can be arranged otherwise, even more abundant food: a bull, a boar, a deer, a buffalo, or whatever else is desired; the hawk answers that he eats neither boar nor bull nor various deer, and asks what such food would be to him; the prey ordained for him by fate, best of kshatriyas, is precisely this dove; let the king release it to him, for hawks eat doves — such is the eternal order — and the king, knowing the right path, should not climb the trunk of a plantain tree; the king offers the rich kingdom of the Shibis or whatever else the hawk desires, except this bird that has come seeking refuge; let the hawk name a deed by which the dove may be spared, and the king will do it, but will not give up the dove; the hawk says that if the king loves the dove, let him cut out his own flesh and weigh it against the dove: when the king's flesh becomes equal to the dove, then let it be given to him, and that will be his satisfaction; the king considers this request a favor and promises to give his own flesh, weighed on the scale.
译文

The king said: "You speak much that is joined with goodness, best of birds. Are you not Suparna, king of birds? Surely you know dharma, for you speak so variously and in accord with it. I see that nothing is unknown to you. But how can you think it good to abandon one who seeks refuge? Your effort, O bird, is directed at food; but food can be arranged otherwise, even more abundant food. Today, for your sake, let a bull, a boar, a deer, a buffalo, or whatever else you desire be prepared." The hawk said: "I eat neither boar nor bull nor various deer, great king. What use is such food to me? The prey allotted to me by fate, best of kshatriyas, is precisely this dove. Release him to me, lord of the earth. Hawks eat doves: such is the eternal order. King, do not climb the trunk of a plantain tree when you know the right road." The king said: "Rule the rich kingdom of the Shibis, honored by flocks of birds, or take whatever you desire, hawk — I will give you all of it, except this bird that has come seeking refuge. Tell me, best of birds, by what deed you would spare him; I will do it, but I will not give up the dove." The hawk said: "Ushinara, if you have love for this dove, lord of men, cut out your own flesh and place it on the scale, equal to the dove. When your flesh, O king, becomes equal to the dove, then give it to me: that will be my satisfaction." The king said: "I count it a favor, hawk, that you ask this of me. Therefore today I will give you my own flesh, weighed on the scale."

版本

ecf273a38606 · 发布于 2026年7月16日 17:06:19 UTC

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