奥义书 Garbha 4

Garbha UpaniṣadGarbha 4

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奥义书 · Garbha 4

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ऋतुकाले सम्प्रयोगाद् एकरात्रोषितं कललं भवति सप्तरात्रोषितं बुद्बुदम् अर्धमासाभ्यन्तरे पिण्डं मासाभ्यन्तरे कठिनं मासद्वयेन शिरः मासत्रयेण पादप्रदेशः चतुर्थे गुल्फजठरकटिप्रदेशाः पञ्चमे पृष्ठवंशः षष्ठे मुखनासिकाक्षिश्रोत्राणि सप्तमे जीवेन संयुक्तः अष्टमे सर्वलक्षणसम्पूर्णः पितुः रेतोऽतिरेकात् पुरुषः मातुः रेतोऽतिरेकात् स्त्री उभयोर् बीजतुल्यत्वान् नपुंसकं व्याकुलितमनसो ऽन्धाः खञ्जाः कुब्जा वामना भवन्ति अन्यो ऽन्यवायुपरिपीडितशुक्रद्वैध्याद् द्विधा तनू स्याद् युग्माः प्रजायन्ते पञ्चात्मकः समर्थः पञ्चात्मिका चेतसा बुद्धिर् गन्धरसादिज्ञानाक्षराक्षरम् ओंकारं चिन्तयतीति तद् एकाक्षरं ज्ञात्वाष्टौ प्रकृतयः षोडश विकाराः शरीरे तस्यैव देहिनः अथ मात्राशितपीतनाडीसूत्रगतेन प्राण आप्यायते अथ नवमे मासि सर्वलक्षणज्ञानसम्पूर्णो भवति पूर्वजातिं स्मरति शुभाशुभं च कर्म विन्दति

转写 (IAST)

ṛtukāle samprayogād ekarātroṣitaṃ kalalaṃ bhavati saptarātroṣitaṃ budbudam ardhamāsābhyantare piṇḍaṃ māsābhyantare kaṭhinaṃ māsadvayena śiraḥ māsatrayeṇa pādapradeśaḥ caturthe gulphajaṭharakaṭipradeśāḥ pañcame pṛṣṭhavaṃśaḥ ṣaṣṭhe mukhanāsikākṣiśrotrāṇi saptame jīvena saṃyuktaḥ aṣṭame sarvalakṣaṇasampūrṇaḥ pituḥ reto'tirekāt puruṣaḥ mātuḥ reto'tirekāt strī ubhayor bījatulyatvān napuṃsakaṃ vyākulitamanaso 'ndhāḥ khañjāḥ kubjā vāmanā bhavanti anyo 'nyavāyuparipīḍitaśukradvaidhyād dvidhā tanū syād yugmāḥ prajāyante pañcātmakaḥ samarthaḥ pañcātmikā cetasā buddhir gandharasādijñānākṣarākṣaram oṃkāraṃ cintayatīti tad ekākṣaraṃ jñātvāṣṭau prakṛtayaḥ ṣoḍaśa vikārāḥ śarīre tasyaiva dehinaḥ atha mātrāśitapītanāḍīsūtragatena prāṇa āpyāyate atha navame māsi sarvalakṣaṇajñānasampūrṇo bhavati pūrvajātiṃ smarati śubhāśubhaṃ ca karma vindati

逐字释义

梵语IAST释义

ऋतुकाले सम्प्रयोगात्ṛtukāle samprayogātfrom union at the season; from intercourse at the proper time

एकरात्रोषितम् कललम् भवतिekarātroṣitam kalalam bhavatihaving stayed one night, it becomes a clot; after one night it is a kalala

सप्तरात्रोषितम् बुद्बुदम्saptarātroṣitam budbudamafter seven nights — a bubble; after seven nights, a blister

अर्धमासाभ्यन्तरे पिण्डम्ardhamāsābhyantare piṇḍamwithin half a month — a lump; inside half a month, a ball

मासाभ्यन्तरे कठिनम्māsābhyantare kaṭhinamwithin a month — firm; in a month, hardened

मासद्वयेन शिरःmāsadvayena śiraḥin two months — the head; by two months, the head

मासत्रयेण पादप्रदेशःmāsatrayeṇa pādapradeśaḥin three months — the region of the feet; by three months, the legs

चतुर्थे गुल्फजठरकटिप्रदेशाःcaturthe gulphajaṭharakaṭipradeśāḥin the fourth — ankles, belly, hips; in the fourth, ankles, abdomen, loins

पञ्चमे पृष्ठवंशःpañcame pṛṣṭhavaṃśaḥin the fifth — the backbone; in the fifth, the spine

षष्ठे मुखनासिकाक्षिश्रोत्राणिṣaṣṭhe mukhanāsikākṣiśrotrāṇiin the sixth — mouth, nose, eyes, ears; in the sixth, mouth, nostrils, eyes, ears

सप्तमे जीवेन संयुक्तःsaptame jīvena saṃyuktaḥin the seventh it is joined with the jīva; in the seventh it is united with the soul

अष्टमे सर्वलक्षणसम्पूर्णःaṣṭame sarvalakṣaṇasampūrṇaḥin the eighth it is complete in all marks; in the eighth it is full of every feature

पितुः रेतः अतिरेकात् पुरुषःpituḥ retaḥ atirekāt puruṣaḥfrom excess of the father's seed — a male; when the father's seed prevails, a male

मातुः रेतः अतिरेकात् स्त्रीmātuḥ retaḥ atirekāt strīfrom excess of the mother's seed — a female; when the mother's prevails, a female

उभयोः बीजतुल्यत्वात् नपुंसकम्ubhayoḥ bījatulyatvāt napuṃsakamfrom equality of the seed of both — a neuter; when both are equal, neither male nor female

व्याकुलितमनसः अन्धाः खञ्जाःvyākulitamanasaḥ andhāḥ khañjāḥfrom a troubled mind — the blind, the lame; with an agitated mind — the blind, the halt

कुब्जाः वामनाः भवन्तिkubjāḥ vāmanāḥ bhavantihunchbacks, dwarfs are born; hunchbacks and dwarfs are born

अन्योन्यवायुपरिपीडितशुक्रद्वैध्यात्anyonyavāyuparipīḍitaśukradvaidhyātfrom splitting of the seed pressed by mutual winds; from the cleaving of seed under the press of winds

द्विधा तनूः स्यात् युग्माः प्रजायन्तेdvidhā tanūḥ syāt yugmāḥ prajāyantethe body becomes twofold — twins are born; the body divides — twins appear

चेतसा बुद्धिःcetasā buddhiḥby consciousness — the understanding; through the citta, the buddhi

अक्षराक्षरम् ओंकारम् चिन्तयतिakṣarākṣaram oṃkāram cintayatihe contemplates the imperishable syllable Om; he ponders the undecaying syllable Om

तत् एकाक्षरम् ज्ञात्वाtat ekākṣaram jñātvāhaving known that single syllable; having grasped this one syllable

अष्टौ प्रकृतयः षोडश विकाराःaṣṭau prakṛtayaḥ ṣoḍaśa vikārāḥeight prakṛtis, sixteen modifications; eight primal natures, sixteen transformations

शरीरे तस्य एव देहिनःśarīre tasya eva dehinaḥin the body of that very embodied one; in the body of the same bearer of flesh

मात्रा अशित पीत नाडीसूत्रगतेनmātrā aśita pīta nāḍīsūtragatenathrough the thread of the vessels, from what the mother eats and drinks; along the cord from the mother's food and drink

प्राणः आप्यायतेprāṇaḥ āpyāyatethe breath is nourished; the prāṇa is replenished

अथ नवमे मासिatha navame māsithen in the ninth month; and then in the ninth month

सर्वलक्षणज्ञानसम्पूर्णः भवतिsarvalakṣaṇajñānasampūrṇaḥ bhavatihe becomes complete in all marks and in knowledge; he is made full of features and of knowing

पूर्वजातिम् स्मरतिpūrvajātim smaratihe remembers the former birth; he recalls his past life

शुभाशुभम् च कर्म विन्दतिśubhāśubham ca karma vindatiand finds his good and evil deeds; and discovers his good and evil acts

译文

From union at the proper season, after one night it becomes a clot; after seven nights, a bubble; within half a month, a lump; within a month, firm; in two months the head, in three the region of the feet, in the fourth the ankles, belly and hips, in the fifth the backbone, in the sixth the mouth, nose, eyes and ears; in the seventh it is joined with the jīva, in the eighth it is complete in all marks. From excess of the father's seed — a male; from excess of the mother's — a female; from equality of both — a neuter; from the parents' troubled mind are born the blind, the lame, hunchbacks and dwarfs. From the splitting of seed pressed by opposing winds the body divides in two and twins are born. Through consciousness arises understanding, and he contemplates the imperishable syllable Om; having known that single syllable — the eight prakṛtis and sixteen modifications are in the body of that very embodied one. And through the thread of the vessels, from what the mother eats and drinks, his breath is nourished. And in the ninth month he becomes complete in all marks and in knowledge, remembers his former birth and finds his good and evil deeds.

注释

The longest section of the book and the best known: the month-by-month growth of the embryo.

A night — a clot; a week — a bubble; half a month — a lump; a month — firm; two — the head; three — the legs; four — the belly and hips; five — the spine; six — the face; seven — the joining with the jīva; eight — the fullness of features.

The seventh month's date deserves note: jīvena saṃyuktaḥ — “it is joined with the jīva”.

Up to that point, that is, a body was being assembled; its tenant arrives later. The Vedānta holds these two things firmly apart: the body grows by its own laws, and the one who will dwell in it comes by his own deeds.

Then — of sex and of bodily defects, and it is all explained materially: whose seed prevailed, and what was the state of the parents' minds.

Observe that the book says nothing of guilt or punishment where it speaks of the blind or the hunchbacked. The cause named is a plain one: vyākulita-manasaḥ, “with a troubled mind”.

And finally the chief thing, for which the Vedānta remembers this book: in the ninth month, he remembers.

His former birth, his deeds, the good and the evil — all of it comes back to him in the womb.

And this prepares the six verses that now follow. He who is shut in the dark and knows everything about himself begins to speak.

版本

26ee71d32966 · 发布于 2026年7月29日 02:57:05 UTC

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