Mahabharata
Āstīka-parva (samudra-varṇana) (The Flight of the Sisters and a Description of the Ocean)1.19.3–17
271 / 15823
Mahabharata · 1.19.3–17
Devanāgarī

ददृशाते तदा तत्र समुद्रं निधिम् अम्भसाम् ॥
तिमिंगिलझषाकीर्णं मकरैर् आवृतं तथा ॥
सत्त्वैश् च बहुसाहस्रैर् नानारूपैः समावृतम् ॥
उग्रैर् नित्यम् अनाधृष्यं कूर्मग्राहसमाकुलम् ॥
आकरं सर्वरत्नानाम् आलयं वरुणस्य च ॥
नागानाम् आलयं रम्यम् उत्तमं सरितां पतिम् ॥
पातालज्वलनावासम् असुराणां च बन्धनम् ॥
भयंकरं च सत्त्वानां पयसां निधिम् अर्णवम् ॥
शुभं दिव्यम् अमर्त्यानाम् अमृतस्याकरं परम् ॥
अप्रमेयम् अचिन्त्यं च सुपुण्यजलम् अद्भुतम् ॥
घोरं जलचरारावरौद्रं भैरवनिस्वनम् ॥
गम्भीरावर्तकलिलं सर्वभूतभयंकरम् ॥
वेलादोलानिलचलं क्षोभोद्वेगसमुत्थितम् ॥
वीचीहस्तैः प्रचलितैर् नृत्यन्तम् इव सर्वशः ॥
चन्द्रवृद्धिक्षयवशाद् उद्वृत्तोर्मिदुरासदम् ॥
पाञ्चजन्यस्य जननं रत्नाकरम् अनुत्तमम् ॥
गां विन्दता भगवता गोविन्देनामितौजसा ॥
वराहरूपिणा चान्तर्विक्षोभितजलाविलम् ॥
ब्रह्मर्षिणा च तपता वर्षाणां शतम् अत्रिणा ॥
अनासादितगाधं च पातालतलम् अव्ययम् ॥
अध्यात्मयोगनिद्रां च पद्मनाभस्य सेवतः ॥
युगादिकालशयनं विष्णोर् अमिततेजसः ॥
वडवामुखदीप्ताग्नेस् तोयहव्यप्रदं शुभम् ॥
अगाधपारं विस्तीर्णम् अप्रमेयं सरित्पतिम् ॥
महानदीभिर् बह्वीभिः स्पर्धयेव सहस्रशः ॥
अभिसार्यमाणम् अनिशं ददृशाते महार्णवम् ॥
गम्भीरं तिमिमकरोग्रसंकुलं तं ।
गर्जन्तं जलचररावरौद्रनादैः ॥
विस्तीर्णं ददृशतुर् अम्बरप्रकाशं ।
ते ऽगाधं निधिम् उरुम् अम्भसाम् अनन्तम् ॥
इत्य् एवं झषमकरोर्मिसंकुलं तं ।
गम्भीरं विकसितम् अम्बरप्रकाशम् ॥
पातालज्वलनशिखाविदीपितं तं ।
पश्यन्त्यौ द्रुतम् अभिपेततुस् तदानीम् ॥

Transliteration (IAST)

dadṛśāte tadā tatra samudraṃ nidhim ambhasām ||
timiṃgilajhaṣākīrṇaṃ makarair āvṛtaṃ tathā ||
sattvaiś ca bahusāhasrair nānārūpaiḥ samāvṛtam ||
ugrair nityam anādhṛṣyaṃ kūrmagrāhasamākulam ||
ākaraṃ sarvaratnānām ālayaṃ varuṇasya ca ||
nāgānām ālayaṃ ramyam uttamaṃ saritāṃ patim ||
pātālajvalanāvāsam asurāṇāṃ ca bandhanam ||
bhayaṃkaraṃ ca sattvānāṃ payasāṃ nidhim arṇavam ||
śubhaṃ divyam amartyānām amṛtasyākaraṃ param ||
aprameyam acintyaṃ ca supuṇyajalam adbhutam ||
ghoraṃ jalacarārāvaraudraṃ bhairavanisvanam ||
gambhīrāvartakalilaṃ sarvabhūtabhayaṃkaram ||
velādolānilacalaṃ kṣobhodvegasamutthitam ||
vīcīhastaiḥ pracalitair nṛtyantam iva sarvaśaḥ ||
candravṛddhikṣayavaśād udvṛttormidurāsadam ||
pāñcajanyasya jananaṃ ratnākaram anuttamam ||
gāṃ vindatā bhagavatā govindenāmitaujasā ||
varāharūpiṇā cāntarvikṣobhitajalāvilam ||
brahmarṣiṇā ca tapatā varṣāṇāṃ śatam atriṇā ||
anāsāditagādhaṃ ca pātālatalam avyayam ||
adhyātmayoganidrāṃ ca padmanābhasya sevataḥ ||
yugādikālaśayanaṃ viṣṇor amitatejasaḥ ||
vaḍavāmukhadīptāgnes toyahavyapradaṃ śubham ||
agādhapāraṃ vistīrṇam aprameyaṃ saritpatim ||
mahānadībhir bahvībhiḥ spardhayeva sahasraśaḥ ||
abhisāryamāṇam aniśaṃ dadṛśāte mahārṇavam ||
gambhīraṃ timimakarograsaṃkulaṃ taṃ |
garjantaṃ jalacararāvaraudranādaiḥ ||
vistīrṇaṃ dadṛśatur ambaraprakāśaṃ |
te 'gādhaṃ nidhim urum ambhasām anantam ||
ity evaṃ jhaṣamakarormisaṃkulaṃ taṃ |
gambhīraṃ vikasitam ambaraprakāśam ||
pātālajvalanaśikhāvidīpitaṃ taṃ |
paśyantyau drutam abhipetatus tadānīm ||

Word-by-word
SanskritIASTMeaning
ददृशाते समुद्रं निधिम् अम्भसाम्dadṛśāte samudraṃ nidhim ambhasāmthey saw the ocean, the receptacle of waters
तिमिंगिल-झष-आकीर्णं मकरैः आवृतम्timiṃgila-jhaṣa-ākīrṇaṃ makaraiḥ āvṛtamfull of whales and fish, teeming with makaras
आकरं सर्व-रत्नानां आलयं वरुणस्यākaraṃ sarva-ratnānāṃ ālayaṃ varuṇasyaa mine of all gems, the abode of Varuna
नागानां आलयं सरितां पतिम्nāgānāṃ ālayaṃ saritāṃ patimthe abode of serpents, the lord of rivers
पाताल-ज्वलन-आवासम् असुराणां बन्धनम्pātāla-jvalana-āvāsam asurāṇāṃ bandhanamthe abode of the subterranean fire, the prison of the asuras
अमृतस्य आकरं परं अप्रमेयम् अचिन्त्यम्amṛtasya ākaraṃ paraṃ aprameyam acintyamthe supreme mine of nectar (amrita), immeasurable and inconceivable
सु-पुण्य-जलम् अद्भुतं सर्व-भूत-भयंकरम्su-puṇya-jalam adbhutaṃ sarva-bhūta-bhayaṃkaramwith most sacred waters, wondrous, striking terror into all beings
वीची-हस्तैः प्रचलितैः नृत्यन्तम् इवvīcī-hastaiḥ pracalitaiḥ nṛtyantam ivaas if dancing everywhere with its wave-arms in motion
चन्द्र-वृद्धि-क्षय-वशात् उद्वृत्त-ऊर्मिcandra-vṛddhi-kṣaya-vaśāt udvṛtta-ūrmiwith waves swelling under the sway of the moon's waxing and waning
पाञ्चजन्यस्य जननं रत्न-आकरम्pāñcajanyasya jananaṃ ratna-ākaramthe birthplace of the conch Panchajanya, an unsurpassed mine of gems
गां विन्दता गोविन्देन वराह-रूपिणा विक्षोभितgāṃ vindatā govindena varāha-rūpiṇā vikṣobhitaroiled by Govinda, of boundless might, in the form of the boar, who was raising up the earth
पद्मनाभस्य अध्यात्म-योग-निद्रां सेवतःpadmanābhasya adhyātma-yoga-nidrāṃ sevataḥ[the bed] of Padmanabha, absorbed in the yoga-sleep of inner contemplation
युग-आदि-काल-शयनं विष्णोः अमित-तेजसःyuga-ādi-kāla-śayanaṃ viṣṇoḥ amita-tejasaḥthe bed at the end and beginning of the ages (yugas) of the boundlessly radiant Vishnu
वडवा-मुख-दीप्त-अग्नेः तोय-हव्य-प्रदंvaḍavā-mukha-dīpta-agneḥ toya-havya-pradaṃoffering water as an oblation to the blazing fire of the mare's mouth (vadava)
अगाध-पारं विस्तीर्णं अप्रमेयं सरित्पतिम्agādha-pāraṃ vistīrṇaṃ aprameyaṃ saritpatimbottomless, shoreless, boundless, immeasurable lord of rivers
महा-नदीभिः बह्वीभिः स्पर्धया इव अभिसार्यमाणम्mahā-nadībhiḥ bahvībhiḥ spardhayā iva abhisāryamāṇamto which, as if racing, the many great rivers hasten in the thousands
अम्बर-प्रकाशं अगाधं निधिम् अनन्तम्ambara-prakāśaṃ agādhaṃ nidhim anantamshining like the sky, a bottomless, boundless treasury
पश्यन्त्यौ द्रुतम् अभिपेततुःpaśyantyau drutam abhipetatuḥgazing upon it, they swiftly swooped down
तदाtadāoriginal form "tadā", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
तत्रtatraoriginal form "tatra", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
तिमिंगिलझषाकीर्णंtimiṃgilajhaṣākīrṇaṃoriginal form "timiṃgilajhaṣākīrṇaṃ", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
मकरैर्makarairoriginal form "makarair", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
आवृतंāvṛtaṃoriginal form "āvṛtaṃ", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
तथाtathāoriginal form "tathā", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
सत्त्वैश्sattvaiśoriginal form "sattvaiś", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
caoriginal form "ca", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
बहुसाहस्रैर्bahusāhasrairoriginal form "bahusāhasrair", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
नानारूपैःnānārūpaiḥoriginal form "nānārūpaiḥ", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
समावृतम्samāvṛtamoriginal form "samāvṛtam", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
उग्रैर्ugrairoriginal form "ugrair", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
नित्यम्nityamoriginal form "nityam", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
अनाधृष्यंanādhṛṣyaṃoriginal form "anādhṛṣyaṃ", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
कूर्मग्राहसमाकुलम्kūrmagrāhasamākulamoriginal form "kūrmagrāhasamākulam", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
सर्वरत्नानाम्sarvaratnānāmoriginal form "sarvaratnānām", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
caoriginal form "ca", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
नागानाम्nāgānāmoriginal form "nāgānām", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
रम्यम्ramyamoriginal form "ramyam", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
उत्तमंuttamaṃoriginal form "uttamaṃ", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
पातालज्वलनावासम्pātālajvalanāvāsamoriginal form "pātālajvalanāvāsam", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
caoriginal form "ca", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
भयंकरंbhayaṃkaraṃoriginal form "bhayaṃkaraṃ", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
caoriginal form "ca", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
सत्त्वानांsattvānāṃoriginal form "sattvānāṃ", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
पयसांpayasāṃoriginal form "payasāṃ", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
अर्णवम्arṇavamoriginal form "arṇavam", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
शुभंśubhaṃoriginal form "śubhaṃ", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
दिव्यम्divyamoriginal form "divyam", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
अमर्त्यानाम्amartyānāmoriginal form "amartyānām", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
अमृतस्याकरंamṛtasyākaraṃoriginal form "amṛtasyākaraṃ", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
परम्paramoriginal form "param", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
अचिन्त्यंacintyaṃoriginal form "acintyaṃ", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
caoriginal form "ca", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
सुपुण्यजलम्supuṇyajalamoriginal form "supuṇyajalam", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
अद्भुतम्adbhutamoriginal form "adbhutam", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
घोरंghoraṃoriginal form "ghoraṃ", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
जलचरारावरौद्रंjalacarārāvaraudraṃoriginal form "jalacarārāvaraudraṃ", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
भैरवनिस्वनम्bhairavanisvanamoriginal form "bhairavanisvanam", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
गम्भीरावर्तकलिलंgambhīrāvartakalilaṃoriginal form "gambhīrāvartakalilaṃ", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
सर्वभूतभयंकरम्sarvabhūtabhayaṃkaramoriginal form "sarvabhūtabhayaṃkaram", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
वेलादोलानिलचलंvelādolānilacalaṃoriginal form "velādolānilacalaṃ", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
क्षोभोद्वेगसमुत्थितम्kṣobhodvegasamutthitamoriginal form "kṣobhodvegasamutthitam", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
वीचीहस्तैःvīcīhastaiḥoriginal form "vīcīhastaiḥ", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
प्रचलितैर्pracalitairoriginal form "pracalitair", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
सर्वशःsarvaśaḥoriginal form "sarvaśaḥ", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
चन्द्रवृद्धिक्षयवशाद्candravṛddhikṣayavaśādoriginal form "candravṛddhikṣayavaśād", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
उद्वृत्तोर्मिदुरासदम्udvṛttormidurāsadamoriginal form "udvṛttormidurāsadam", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
रत्नाकरम्ratnākaramoriginal form "ratnākaram", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
अनुत्तमम्anuttamamoriginal form "anuttamam", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
भगवताbhagavatāoriginal form "bhagavatā", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
गोविन्देनामितौजसाgovindenāmitaujasāoriginal form "govindenāmitaujasā", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
वराहरूपिणाvarāharūpiṇāoriginal form "varāharūpiṇā", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
चान्तर्विक्षोभितजलाविलम्cāntarvikṣobhitajalāvilamoriginal form "cāntarvikṣobhitajalāvilam", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
ब्रह्मर्षिणाbrahmarṣiṇāoriginal form "brahmarṣiṇā", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
caoriginal form "ca", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
तपताtapatāoriginal form "tapatā", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
वर्षाणांvarṣāṇāṃoriginal form "varṣāṇāṃ", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
शतम्śatamoriginal form "śatam", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
अत्रिणाatriṇāoriginal form "atriṇā", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
अनासादितगाधंanāsāditagādhaṃoriginal form "anāsāditagādhaṃ", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
caoriginal form "ca", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
पातालतलम्pātālatalamoriginal form "pātālatalam", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
अव्ययम्avyayamoriginal form "avyayam", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
अध्यात्मयोगनिद्रांadhyātmayoganidrāṃoriginal form "adhyātmayoganidrāṃ", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
caoriginal form "ca", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
युगादिकालशयनंyugādikālaśayanaṃoriginal form "yugādikālaśayanaṃ", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
विष्णोर्viṣṇororiginal form "viṣṇor", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
अमिततेजसःamitatejasaḥoriginal form "amitatejasaḥ", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
वडवामुखदीप्ताग्नेस्vaḍavāmukhadīptāgnesoriginal form "vaḍavāmukhadīptāgnes", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
तोयहव्यप्रदंtoyahavyapradaṃoriginal form "toyahavyapradaṃ", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
शुभम्śubhamoriginal form "śubham", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
अगाधपारंagādhapāraṃoriginal form "agādhapāraṃ", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
विस्तीर्णम्vistīrṇamoriginal form "vistīrṇam", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
महानदीभिर्mahānadībhiroriginal form "mahānadībhir", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
स्पर्धयेवspardhayevaoriginal form "spardhayeva", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
सहस्रशःsahasraśaḥoriginal form "sahasraśaḥ", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
अनिशंaniśaṃoriginal form "aniśaṃ", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
ददृशातेdadṛśāteoriginal form "dadṛśāte", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
महार्णवम्mahārṇavamoriginal form "mahārṇavam", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
गम्भीरंgambhīraṃoriginal form "gambhīraṃ", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
तिमिमकरोग्रसंकुलंtimimakarograsaṃkulaṃoriginal form "timimakarograsaṃkulaṃ", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
तंtaṃoriginal form "taṃ", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
गर्जन्तंgarjantaṃoriginal form "garjantaṃ", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
जलचररावरौद्रनादैःjalacararāvaraudranādaiḥoriginal form "jalacararāvaraudranādaiḥ", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
ददृशतुर्dadṛśaturoriginal form "dadṛśatur", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
अम्बरप्रकाशंambaraprakāśaṃoriginal form "ambaraprakāśaṃ", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
तेteoriginal form "te", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
ऽगाधं'gādhaṃoriginal form "'gādhaṃ", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
निधिम्nidhimoriginal form "nidhim", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
उरुम्urumoriginal form "urum", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
अम्भसाम्ambhasāmoriginal form "ambhasām", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
इत्य्ityoriginal form "ity", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
एवंevaṃoriginal form "evaṃ", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
झषमकरोर्मिसंकुलंjhaṣamakarormisaṃkulaṃoriginal form "jhaṣamakarormisaṃkulaṃ", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
तंtaṃoriginal form "taṃ", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
गम्भीरंgambhīraṃoriginal form "gambhīraṃ", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
विकसितम्vikasitamoriginal form "vikasitam", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
अम्बरप्रकाशम्ambaraprakāśamoriginal form "ambaraprakāśam", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
पातालज्वलनशिखाविदीपितंpātālajvalanaśikhāvidīpitaṃoriginal form "pātālajvalanaśikhāvidīpitaṃ", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
तंtaṃoriginal form "taṃ", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
अभिपेततुस्abhipetatusoriginal form "abhipetatus", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
तदानीम्tadānīmoriginal form "tadānīm", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
Translation

"[Along the way] they saw the ocean — the receptacle of waters: full of whales and fish, teeming with makaras; inhabited by many thousands of fearsome creatures of every form, unassailable, swarming with turtles and crocodiles. [The ocean —] a mine of all gems, the abode of Varuna, the beautiful abode of serpents, the supreme lord of rivers; the abode of the subterranean fire (vadavanala) and the prison of the asuras; striking terror into all beings, a treasury of waters. Auspicious, divine, the highest mine of nectar for the immortals; immeasurable, inconceivable, with sacred and wondrous waters. Terrible, echoing with the roar of water-creatures, thundering fearsomely, with deep whirlpools, striking fear into all that lives. Stirred by the wind at its shores, heaved up by turbulence, dancing everywhere as though with upraised wave-arms; its waves swelling by the power of the moon's waxing and waning, hard to approach. [The ocean —] the birthplace of the conch Panchajanya, an unsurpassed mine of gems; its turbid waters roiled from within by the boundlessly mighty Govinda (the Lord), who raised up the earth in the form of the boar (Varaha). Its unfathomed depths, imperishable, were not reached even by the sage-brahmin Atri, who studied it for a hundred years in the netherworld (Patala). [The ocean —] the bed of Padmanabha (He whose navel bears the lotus), absorbed in the yoga-sleep of inner contemplation — the bed, at the end and beginning of the world ages (yugas), of the boundlessly radiant Vishnu. Auspicious, offering water as an oblation to the blazing fire of the mare's mouth (vadava); bottomless, shoreless, boundless, immeasurable lord of rivers, to which, as if racing one another, thousands of great rivers ceaselessly hasten. So, beholding that deep ocean, teeming with whales and makaras, roaring with the fearsome cries of water-creatures, boundless, shining like the sky — bottomless, gaping open, lit by tongues of the subterranean flame — gazing upon it, they swiftly swooped down."

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10d25665dc76 · published Jul 12, 2026, 2:32:34 PM UTC

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