SanskritIASTMeaning
वैशंपायनः उवाच एवं आत्मनः सुतं तुर्वसुं शप्त्वा ययातिः शर्मिष्ठायाः सुतं द्रुह्युं इदं वचनं अब्रवीत्vaiśaṃpāyanaḥ uvāca evaṃ ātmanaḥ sutaṃ turvasuṃ śaptvā yayātiḥ śarmiṣṭhāyāḥ sutaṃ druhyuṃ idaṃ vacanaṃ abravītVaishampayana said: having thus cursed Turvasu, his own son, Yayati spoke this word to Druhyu, the son of Sharmishtha
द्रुह्यो त्वं वर्णरूपविनाशिनीं जरां प्रतिपद्यस्व मे वर्षसहस्रं स्वं यौवनं च ददस्वdruhyo tvaṃ varṇarūpavināśinīṃ jarāṃ pratipadyasva me varṣasahasraṃ svaṃ yauvanaṃ ca dadasvaO Druhyu, take upon yourself old age, which destroys complexion and beauty; and for a thousand years give me your youth
पूर्णे वर्षसहस्रे तु यौवनं प्रतिदास्यामि स्वं च भूयः पाप्मानं जरया सह आदास्येpūrṇe varṣasahasre tu yauvanaṃ pratidāsyāmi svaṃ ca bhūyaḥ pāpmānaṃ jarayā saha ādāsyewhen a thousand years have passed, I will give youth back to you, and will take back my own evil along with old age
द्रुह्युः उवाच जीर्णः न गजं न रथं न अश्वं न च स्त्रियं भुङ्क्ते अस्य वाग्भङ्गः च भवति तत् जरां न अभिकामयेdruhyuḥ uvāca jīrṇaḥ na gajaṃ na rathaṃ na aśvaṃ na ca striyaṃ bhuṅkte asya vāgbhaṅgaḥ ca bhavati tat jarāṃ na abhikāmayeDruhyu said: one grown old cannot enjoy elephant, chariot, horse, or wife; and his speech falters; therefore I do not desire that old age
ययातिः उवाच त्वं मे हृदयात् जातः स्वं वयः न प्रयच्छसि तस्मात् द्रुह्यो ते प्रियः कामः क्व चित् न संपत्स्यतेyayātiḥ uvāca tvaṃ me hṛdayāt jātaḥ svaṃ vayaḥ na prayacchasi tasmāt druhyo te priyaḥ kāmaḥ kva cit na saṃpatsyateYayati said: you who were born of my heart do not give up your own age; therefore, O Druhyu, your cherished desire will never be fulfilled anywhere
यत्र नित्यं उडुपप्लवसंतारः भविष्यति तत्र सान्वयः अराजा भोजशब्दं त्वं अवाप्स्यसिyatra nityaṃ uḍupaplavasaṃtāraḥ bhaviṣyati tatra sānvayaḥ arājā bhojaśabdaṃ tvaṃ avāpsyasiwhere crossing will always be only by raft and boat, there you, with your offspring, not being king, will obtain only the title 'bhoja' (governor)
अनो त्वं जरया सह पाप्मानं प्रतिपद्यस्व एकं वर्षसहस्रं ते यौवनेन चरेयम्ano tvaṃ jarayā saha pāpmānaṃ pratipadyasva ekaṃ varṣasahasraṃ te yauvanena careyamO Anu, take upon yourself this evil along with old age; for one thousand years I will live by your youth
अनुः उवाच जीर्णः अशुचिः यथा अकाले शिशुवत् अन्नं आदत्ते काले च अग्निं न जुहोति तां जरां न अभिकामयेanuḥ uvāca jīrṇaḥ aśuciḥ yathā akāle śiśuvat annaṃ ādatte kāle ca agniṃ na juhoti tāṃ jarāṃ na abhikāmayeAnu said: one grown old, impure, out of season, like a child, takes food, and at the proper time does not pour oblation into the fire -- does not perform the rites; I do not desire that old age
ययातिः उवाच त्वं मे हृदयात् जातः स्वं वयः न प्रयच्छसि त्वया अयं जरादोषः उक्तः तस्मात् त्वं प्रतिपत्स्यसे अनो तव प्रजाः यौवनप्राप्ताः विनशिष्यन्ति त्वं च अग्निप्रस्कन्दनपरः भविष्यसिyayātiḥ uvāca tvaṃ me hṛdayāt jātaḥ svaṃ vayaḥ na prayacchasi tvayā ayaṃ jarādoṣaḥ uktaḥ tasmāt tvaṃ pratipatsyase ano tava prajāḥ yauvanaprāptāḥ vinaśiṣyanti tvaṃ ca agnipraskandanaparaḥ bhaviṣyasiYayati said: you who were born of my heart do not give up your own age; you yourself have named this fault of old age -- therefore you shall obtain it; O Anu, your offspring, scarcely reaching youth, will perish, and you yourself will become one who fails in the pouring of oblation into the fire
वैशंपायनvaiśaṃpāyanaoriginal form "vaiśaṃpāyana", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
सsaoriginal form "sa", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
सुतम्sutamoriginal form "sutam", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
द्रुह्युम्druhyumoriginal form "druhyum", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
वचनम्vacanamoriginal form "vacanam", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
वर्णरूपविनाशिनीम्varṇarūpavināśinīmoriginal form "varṇarūpavināśinīm", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
यौवनम्yauvanamoriginal form "yauvanam", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
चादास्यामिcādāsyāmioriginal form "cādāsyāmi", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
भूयोbhūyooriginal form "bhūyo", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
ऽहं'haṃoriginal form "'haṃ", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
द्रुह्युर्druhyuroriginal form "druhyur", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
नाश्वंnāśvaṃoriginal form "nāśvaṃ", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
जीर्णोjīrṇooriginal form "jīrṇo", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
स्त्रियम्striyamoriginal form "striyam", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
वाग्भङ्गश्vāgbhaṅgaśoriginal form "vāgbhaṅgaś", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
चास्यcāsyaoriginal form "cāsya", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
तज्tajoriginal form "taj", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
नाभिकामयेnābhikāmayeoriginal form "nābhikāmaye", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
ययातिर्yayātiroriginal form "yayātir", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
यत्yatoriginal form "yat", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
हृदयाज्hṛdayājoriginal form "hṛdayāj", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
जातोjātooriginal form "jāto", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
तस्माद्tasmādoriginal form "tasmād", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
कामोkāmooriginal form "kāmo", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
उडुपप्लवसंतारोuḍupaplavasaṃtārooriginal form "uḍupaplavasaṃtāro", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
तत्रावाप्स्यसिtatrāvāpsyasioriginal form "tatrāvāpsyasi", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
तुtuoriginal form "tu", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
चरेयंcareyaṃoriginal form "careyaṃ", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
अनुर्anuroriginal form "anur", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
शिशुवद्śiśuvadoriginal form "śiśuvad", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
ऽकाले'kāleoriginal form "'kāle", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
ऽन्नम्'nnamoriginal form "'nnam", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
अशुचिर्aśuciroriginal form "aśucir", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
ऽग्निं'gniṃoriginal form "'gniṃ", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
नाभिकामयेnābhikāmayeoriginal form "nābhikāmaye", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
ययातिर्yayātiroriginal form "yayātir", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
यत्yatoriginal form "yat", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
हृदयाज्hṛdayājoriginal form "hṛdayāj", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
जातोjātooriginal form "jāto", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
जरादोषस्jarādoṣasoriginal form "jarādoṣas", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
त्वयोक्तोtvayoktooriginal form "tvayokto", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
ऽयं'yaṃoriginal form "'yaṃ", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
प्रजाश्prajāśoriginal form "prajāś", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
यौवनप्राप्ताyauvanaprāptāoriginal form "yauvanaprāptā", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
विनशिष्यन्त्य्vinaśiṣyantyoriginal form "vinaśiṣyanty", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
अग्निप्रस्कन्दनपरस्agnipraskandanaparasoriginal form "agnipraskandanaparas", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
चाप्य्cāpyoriginal form "cāpy", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
एवंevaṃoriginal form "evaṃ", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
Here Druhyu and Anu likewise refuse their father -- and are cursed in turn. It is telling that all four sons give essentially one reason: old age deprives them of pleasure (elephant, horse, wife, food at its proper time), and ruins strength and ritual observance. This is a bitter truth about old age, and at the same time a deep lesson: all four fear old age only as the end of enjoyment; none of them considers that old age is also a time of wisdom, renunciation, and preparation for the world beyond. Their refusal is not merely selfishness but spiritual blindness: they see in life nothing but sensual delight. The curses, too, are telling, each proportioned to its object: Druhyu receives a realm without solid land -- crossed only by raft, on rivers -- and without royal rank; Anu receives the destruction of his offspring in their youth and neglect of the sacred rites. It is significant that the father -- and, more deeply, dharma itself -- repays each according to his own heart: whoever cherishes only bodily pleasure loses what is higher -- kingdom, lineage, rite. In this way the scripture prepares, by contrast, for the appearance of Puru, whose obedience will raise him above his elder brothers: the last will become first, for he will love duty above enjoyment.