Mahabharata
Bhīṣma-vadha (015) (Bhīṣma-parva: Dhṛtarāṣṭra's Lament for the Fall of Bhīṣma)6.15.1-8
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Mahabharata · 6.15.1-8
Devanāgarī

धृतराष्ट्र उवाच
कथं कुरूणाम् ऋषभो हतो भीष्मः शिखण्डिना ॥
कथं रथात् स न्यपतत् पिता मे वासवोपमः ॥
कथम् आसंश् च मे पुत्रा हीना भीष्मेण संजय ॥
बलिना देवकल्पेन गुर्वर्थे ब्रह्मचारिणा ॥
तस्मिन् हते महासत्त्वे महेष्वासे महाबले ॥
महारथे नरव्याघ्रे किम् उ आसीन् मनस् तदा ॥
आर्तिः परा माविशति यतः शंससि मे हतम् ॥
कुरूणाम् ऋषभं वीरम् अकम्प्यं पुरुषर्षभम् ॥
के तं यान्तम् अनुप्रेयुः के चास्यासन् पुरोगमाः ॥
के ऽतिष्ठन् के न्यवर्तन्त के ऽभ्यवर्तन्त संजय ॥
के शूरा रथशार्दूलम् अच्युतं क्षत्रियर्षभम् ॥
रथानीकं गाहमानं सहसा पृष्ठतो ऽन्वयुः ॥
यस् तमो ऽर्क इवापोहन् परसैन्यम् अमित्रहा ॥
सहस्ररश्मिप्रतिमः परेषां भयम् आदधत् ॥
अकरोद् दुष्करं कर्म रणे कौरवशासनात् ॥
ग्रसमानम् अनीकानि य एनं पर्यवारयन् ॥
कृतिनं तं दुराधर्षं सम्यग् यास्यन्तम् अन्तिके ॥
कथं शांतनवं युद्धे पाण्डवाः प्रत्यवारयन् ॥

Transliteration (IAST)

dhṛtarāṣṭra uvāca
kathaṃ kurūṇām ṛṣabho hato bhīṣmaḥ śikhaṇḍinā ||
kathaṃ rathāt sa nyapatat pitā me vāsavopamaḥ ||
katham āsaṃś ca me putrā hīnā bhīṣmeṇa saṃjaya ||
balinā devakalpena gurvarthe brahmacāriṇā ||
tasmin hate mahāsattve maheṣvāse mahābale ||
mahārathe naravyāghre kim u āsīn manas tadā ||
ārtiḥ parā māviśati yataḥ śaṃsasi me hatam ||
kurūṇām ṛṣabhaṃ vīram akampyaṃ puruṣarṣabham ||
ke taṃ yāntam anupreyuḥ ke cāsyāsan purogamāḥ ||
ke 'tiṣṭhan ke nyavartanta ke 'bhyavartanta saṃjaya ||
ke śūrā rathaśārdūlam acyutaṃ kṣatriyarṣabham ||
rathānīkaṃ gāhamānaṃ sahasā pṛṣṭhato 'nvayuḥ ||
yas tamo 'rka ivāpohan parasainyam amitrahā ||
sahasraraśmipratimaḥ pareṣāṃ bhayam ādadhat ||
akarod duṣkaraṃ karma raṇe kauravaśāsanāt ||
grasamānam anīkāni ya enaṃ paryavārayan ||
kṛtinaṃ taṃ durādharṣaṃ samyag yāsyantam antike ||
kathaṃ śāṃtanavaṃ yuddhe pāṇḍavāḥ pratyavārayan ||

Word-by-word
SanskritIASTMeaning
धृतराष्ट्र उवाचdhṛtarāṣṭra uvācaDhritarashtra said; King Dhritarashtra asked
कथं कुरूणाम् ऋषभोkathaṃ kurūṇām ṛṣabhohow the bull of the Kurus; how the best of the Kurus
हतो भीष्मः शिखण्डिनाhato bhīṣmaḥ śikhaṇḍināwas struck down, Bhishma, by Shikhandin; was felled, Bhishma, at Shikhandin's hand
कथं रथात् स न्यपतत्kathaṃ rathāt sa nyapatathow he fell from the chariot; how he plunged down from the ratha
पिता मे वासवोपमःpitā me vāsavopamaḥmy father, equal to Vasava; my father, like unto Indra
कथम् आसंश् च मे पुत्राkatham āsaṃś ca me putrāhow were my sons; in what state were my sons
हीना भीष्मेण संजयhīnā bhīṣmeṇa saṃjayabereft of Bhishma, Sanjaya; left without Bhishma, O Sanjaya
बलिना देवकल्पेनbalinā devakalpenamighty, godlike; strong, like a celestial
गुर्वर्थे ब्रह्मचारिणाgurvarthe brahmacāriṇāa brahmacharin for his father's sake; who kept his vow for the sake of his elder
तस्मिन् हते महासत्त्वेtasmin hate mahāsattvewhen that great spirit was struck down; when that great hero fell
महेष्वासे महाबलेmaheṣvāse mahābalea great bowman and mighty one; strong, a mighty archer
महारथे नरव्याघ्रेmahārathe naravyāghrea great charioteer, a tiger among men; a great warrior, best among men
किम् उ आसीन् मनस् तदाkim u āsīn manas tadāwhat was their mind then; what passed in their hearts then
आर्तिः परा माविशतिārtiḥ parā māviśatisupreme grief enters into me; the highest suffering seizes me
यतः शंससि मे हतम्yataḥ śaṃsasi me hatamsince you tell me he is slain; for you say to me he has been struck down
कुरूणाम् ऋषभं वीरम्kurūṇām ṛṣabhaṃ vīramthe hero, bull among the Kurus; the valiant, best of the Kurus
अकम्प्यं पुरुषर्षभम्akampyaṃ puruṣarṣabhamthe unshakable bull among men; the unshaken best of men
के तं यान्तम् अनुप्रेयुःke taṃ yāntam anupreyuḥwho followed him as he went; who went along behind him
के चास्यासन् पुरोगमाःke cāsyāsan purogamāḥand who were his vanguard; who stood before him
के ऽतिष्ठन् के न्यवर्तन्तke 'tiṣṭhan ke nyavartantawho stood firm, who turned back; who held their ground, who retreated
के ऽभ्यवर्तन्त संजयke 'bhyavartanta saṃjayawho advanced, Sanjaya; who pressed forward, O Sanjaya
के शूरा रथशार्दूलम्ke śūrā rathaśārdūlamwhat heroes followed the tiger of charioteers; what warriors followed the best of ratha-fighters
अच्युतं क्षत्रियर्षभम्acyutaṃ kṣatriyarṣabhamthe unfaltering bull among kshatriyas; the unfalling best of warriors
रथानीकं गाहमानंrathānīkaṃ gāhamānaṃplunging into the array of chariots; bursting into the chariot ranks
सहसा पृष्ठतो ऽन्वयुःsahasā pṛṣṭhato 'nvayuḥsuddenly followed behind; swiftly went after him
यस् तमो ऽर्क इवापोहन्yas tamo 'rka ivāpohanwho, like the sun, dispelled darkness; who, like Arka, drove away gloom
परसैन्यम् अमित्रहाparasainyam amitrahāthe enemy host, slayer of foes; the opposing force, destroyer of enemies
सहस्ररश्मिप्रतिमःsahasraraśmipratimaḥlike the sun of a thousand rays; resembling the thousand-rayed sun
परेषां भयम् आदधत्pareṣāṃ bhayam ādadhatstruck fear into his foes; cast terror upon his enemies
अकरोद् दुष्करं कर्मakarod duṣkaraṃ karmaperformed the hardest deed; accomplished a nearly impossible feat
रणे कौरवशासनात्raṇe kauravaśāsanātin battle, by the command of the Kauravas; in the fight, for the rule of the Kurus
ग्रसमानम् अनीकानिgrasamānam anīkānidevouring the battle-lines; consuming the armies
य एनं पर्यवारयन्ya enaṃ paryavārayanwho surrounded him; those who closed in around him
कृतिनं तं दुराधर्षंkṛtinaṃ taṃ durādharṣaṃthe skilled, that unassailable one; the accomplished, the hard-to-overcome hero
सम्यग् यास्यन्तम् अन्तिकेsamyag yāsyantam antikegoing rightly, near his goal; striving straight toward a close-at-hand end
कथं शांतनवं युद्धेkathaṃ śāṃtanavaṃ yuddhehow the son of Shantanu in battle; how Shantanu's son in the fight
पाण्डवाः प्रत्यवारयन्pāṇḍavāḥ pratyavārayanthe Pandavas checked; the sons of Pandu restrained
Translation

Dhritarashtra said: "How was Bhishma, the best of the Kurus, struck down by Shikhandin? How did my father, equal to Indra, fall from his chariot? What became of my sons, O Sanjaya, once they were left without Bhishma — mighty, godlike, who kept the vow of brahmacharya for his father's sake? When that great spirit, that great bowman, that mighty warrior, that tiger among men was struck down, what was in their hearts? Supreme grief seizes me, since you tell me the hero is slain — the bull of the Kurus, the unshakable best of men. Who went behind him, who marched before him, who stood firm, who fell back, and who pressed forward, Sanjaya? What heroes followed behind this tiger of charioteers, this unfaltering bull among kshatriyas, as he burst into the ranks of chariots? He, the slayer of foes, dispelled the darkness of the enemy host like the sun, and, resembling the thousand-rayed sun, struck terror into his adversaries, accomplishing the hardest feats in battle at the command of the Kauravas. How did the Pandavas in that fight manage to check the son of Shantanu, skilled and unassailable, as he devoured their battle-lines and pressed straight toward his goal?"

Version

4e976121d7a0 · published Jul 17, 2026, 8:47:27 PM UTC

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