Mahabharata
Rātryupasaṃhāraḥ (The End of the Day and the Night's Rest of the Armies)6.82.17-30
5757 / 15823
Mahabharata · 6.82.17-30
Devanāgarī

स समन्तात् परिवृतः पिता देवव्रतस् तव ॥
चिक्रीद धनुषा राजन् पातयानो महारथान् ॥
तं चरन्तं रणे पार्था ददृशुः कौरवं युधि ॥
मृगमध्यं प्रविश्येव यथा सिंहशिशुं वने ॥
तर्जयानं रणे शूरांस् त्रासयानं च सायकैः ॥
दृष्ट्वा त्रेसुर् महाराज सिंहं मृगगणा इव ॥
रणे भरतसिंहस्य ददृशुः क्षत्रिया गतिम् ॥
अग्नेर् वायुसहायस्य यथा कक्षं दिधक्षतः ॥
शिरांसि रथिनां भीष्मः पातयाम् आस संयुगे ॥
तालेभ्य इव पक्वानि फलानि कुशलो नरः ॥
पतद्भिश् च महाराज शिरोभिर् धरणीतले ॥
बभूव तुमुलः शब्दः पतताम् अश्मनाम् इव ॥
तस्मिंस् तु तुमुले युद्धे वर्तमाने सुदारुणे ॥
सर्वेषाम् एव सैन्यानाम् आसीद् व्यतिकरो महान् ॥
भिन्नेषु तेषु व्यूहेषु क्षत्रिया इतरेतरम् ॥
एकम् एकं समाहूय युद्धायैवोपतस्थिरे ॥
शिखण्डी तु समासाद्य भरतानां पितामहम् ॥
अभिदुद्राव वेगेन तिष्ठ तिष्ठेति चाब्रवीत् ॥
अनादृत्य ततो भीष्मस् तं शिखण्डिनम् आहवे ॥
प्रययौ सृञ्जयान् क्रुद्धः स्त्रीत्वं चिन्त्य शिखण्डिनः ॥
सृञ्जयास् तु ततो हृष्टा दृष्ट्वा भीष्मं महारथम् ॥
सिंहनादान् बहुविधांश् चक्रुः शङ्खविमिश्रितान् ॥
ततः प्रववृते युद्धं व्यतिषक्तरथद्विपम् ॥
अपरां दिशम् आस्थाय स्थिते सवितरि प्रभो ॥
धृष्टद्युम्नो ऽथ पाञ्चाल्यः सात्यकिश् च महारथः ॥
पीडयन्तौ भृशं सैन्यं शक्तितोमरवृष्टिभिः ॥
शस्त्रैश् च बहुभी राजञ् जघ्नतुस् तावकान् रणे ॥
ते हन्यमानाः समरे तावकाः पुरुषर्षभ ॥
आर्यां युद्धे मतिं कृत्वा न त्यजन्ति स्म संयुगम् ॥
यथोत्साहं च समरे जघ्नुर् लोकं महारथाः ॥

Transliteration (IAST)

sa samantāt parivṛtaḥ pitā devavratas tava ||
cikrīda dhanuṣā rājan pātayāno mahārathān ||
taṃ carantaṃ raṇe pārthā dadṛśuḥ kauravaṃ yudhi ||
mṛgamadhyaṃ praviśyeva yathā siṃhaśiśuṃ vane ||
tarjayānaṃ raṇe śūrāṃs trāsayānaṃ ca sāyakaiḥ ||
dṛṣṭvā tresur mahārāja siṃhaṃ mṛgagaṇā iva ||
raṇe bharatasiṃhasya dadṛśuḥ kṣatriyā gatim ||
agner vāyusahāyasya yathā kakṣaṃ didhakṣataḥ ||
śirāṃsi rathināṃ bhīṣmaḥ pātayām āsa saṃyuge ||
tālebhya iva pakvāni phalāni kuśalo naraḥ ||
patadbhiś ca mahārāja śirobhir dharaṇītale ||
babhūva tumulaḥ śabdaḥ patatām aśmanām iva ||
tasmiṃs tu tumule yuddhe vartamāne sudāruṇe ||
sarveṣām eva sainyānām āsīd vyatikaro mahān ||
bhinneṣu teṣu vyūheṣu kṣatriyā itaretaram ||
ekam ekaṃ samāhūya yuddhāyaivopatasthire ||
śikhaṇḍī tu samāsādya bharatānāṃ pitāmaham ||
abhidudrāva vegena tiṣṭha tiṣṭheti cābravīt ||
anādṛtya tato bhīṣmas taṃ śikhaṇḍinam āhave ||
prayayau sṛñjayān kruddhaḥ strītvaṃ cintya śikhaṇḍinaḥ ||
sṛñjayās tu tato hṛṣṭā dṛṣṭvā bhīṣmaṃ mahāratham ||
siṃhanādān bahuvidhāṃś cakruḥ śaṅkhavimiśritān ||
tataḥ pravavṛte yuddhaṃ vyatiṣaktarathadvipam ||
aparāṃ diśam āsthāya sthite savitari prabho ||
dhṛṣṭadyumno 'tha pāñcālyaḥ sātyakiś ca mahārathaḥ ||
pīḍayantau bhṛśaṃ sainyaṃ śaktitomaravṛṣṭibhiḥ ||
śastraiś ca bahubhī rājañ jaghnatus tāvakān raṇe ||
te hanyamānāḥ samare tāvakāḥ puruṣarṣabha ||
āryāṃ yuddhe matiṃ kṛtvā na tyajanti sma saṃyugam ||
yathotsāhaṃ ca samare jaghnur lokaṃ mahārathāḥ ||

Word-by-word
SanskritIASTMeaning
स समन्तात् परिवृतःsa samantāt parivṛtaḥsurrounded on every side; encompassed on all sides
पिता देवव्रतः तवpitā devavrataḥ tavayour father, Devavrata; your grandsire Devavrata
चिक्रीड धनुषा राजन्cikrīḍa dhanuṣā rājanplayed with his bow, O king; wielded his bow with ease
पातयानः महारथान्pātayānaḥ mahārathānfelling great warriors; casting down great chariot-fighters
तम् चरन्तम् रणेtam carantam raṇehim moving in the battle; him acting on the field
पार्थाः ददृशुःpārthāḥ dadṛśuḥthe Parthas beheld; the Pandavas beheld
कौरवम् युधिkauravam yudhithe Kaurava in the fight; Bhishma in the battle
मृगमध्यम् प्रविश्य इवmṛgamadhyam praviśya ivaas though having entered among a herd of deer; as one who had come among deer
यथा सिंहशिशुम् वनेyathā siṃhaśiśum vanelike a young lion in the forest; like a young lion
तर्जयानम् रणे शूरान्tarjayānam raṇe śūrānmenacing the heroes in battle; terrifying the warriors
त्रासयानम् च सायकैःtrāsayānam ca sāyakaiḥand striking fear with his shafts; spreading terror with his arrows
दृष्ट्वा त्रेसुः महाराजdṛṣṭvā tresuḥ mahārājaseeing him, they trembled, O great king; beholding him, they were afraid
सिंहम् मृगगणाः इवsiṃham mṛgagaṇāḥ ivalike herds of beasts before a lion; like deer before a lion
रणे भरतसिंहस्यraṇe bharatasiṃhasyathe movement of that lion of the Bharatas in battle; the course of Bhishma on the field
ददृशुः क्षत्रियाः गतिम्dadṛśuḥ kṣatriyāḥ gatimthe kshatriyas beheld; the warriors watched
अग्नेः वायुसहायस्यagneḥ vāyusahāyasyaof fire aided by wind; of flame with the wind's help
यथा कक्षम् दिधक्षतःyathā kakṣam didhakṣataḥas it seeks to burn the dry brushwood; as it scorches the thickets
शिरांसि रथिनाम् भीष्मःśirāṃsi rathinām bhīṣmaḥthe heads of the chariot-warriors, Bhishma; the heads of the rathins, Bhishma
पातयाम् आस संयुगेpātayām āsa saṃyugefelled in the battle; cast down on the field
तालेभ्यः इव पक्वानिtālebhyaḥ iva pakvānias the ripe fruits from palm trees; like ripe fruit from palms
फलानि कुशलः नरःphalāni kuśalaḥ naraḥa skillful man fells the fruits; a deft man brings down the fruit
पतद्भिः च महाराजpatadbhiḥ ca mahārājaand with the falling, O great king; from those that fell
शिरोभिः धरणीतलेśirobhiḥ dharaṇītaleheads upon the ground; heads onto the earth's surface
बभूव तुमुलः शब्दःbabhūva tumulaḥ śabdaḥa tumultuous sound arose; a great din arose
पतताम् अश्मनाम् इवpatatām aśmanām ivalike that of falling stones; as of falling rocks
तस्मिन् तु तुमुले युद्धेtasmin tu tumule yuddhein that same tumultuous battle; in this raging fight
वर्तमाने सुदारुणेvartamāne sudāruṇethat continued, most dreadful; as it went on, terrible
सर्वेषाम् एव सैन्यानाम्sarveṣām eva sainyānāmof all the armies indeed; among all the hosts
आसीत् व्यतिकरः महान्āsīt vyatikaraḥ mahānthere was great confusion; a great intermingling arose
भिन्नेषु तेषु व्यूहेषुbhinneṣu teṣu vyūheṣuwhen those battle-arrays were broken; with formations shattered
क्षत्रियाः इतरेतरम्kṣatriyāḥ itaretaramthe kshatriyas, one another; the warriors, one another
एकम् एकम् समाहूयekam ekam samāhūyaeach calling out to each; challenging one by one
युद्धाय एव उपतस्थिरेyuddhāya eva upatasthirestood forth for battle alone; took their stand for single combat
शिखण्डी तु समासाद्यśikhaṇḍī tu samāsādyaShikhandin, having come up; Shikhandin, drawing near
भरतानाम् पितामहम्bharatānām pitāmahamto the grandsire of the Bharatas; to the grandfather of the Bharata line
अभिदुद्राव वेगेनabhidudrāva vegenacharged with great speed; rushed forward swiftly
तिष्ठ तिष्ठ इति च अब्रवीत्tiṣṭha tiṣṭha iti ca abravītand cried, "Stand, stand!"; shouting: "Stand, stand!"
अनादृत्य ततः भीष्मःanādṛtya tataḥ bhīṣmaḥthen Bhishma, paying him no heed; not regarding him
तम् शिखण्डिनम् आहवेtam śikhaṇḍinam āhavethat Shikhandin, in the fight; Shikhandin, on the field
प्रययौ सृञ्जयान् क्रुद्धःprayayau sṛñjayān kruddhaḥadvanced upon the Srinjayas in fury; moved fiercely against the Srinjayas
स्त्रीत्वम् चिन्त्य शिखण्डिनःstrītvam cintya śikhaṇḍinaḥmindful of Shikhandin's womanhood; recalling his female past
सृञ्जयाः तु ततः हृष्टाःsṛñjayāḥ tu tataḥ hṛṣṭāḥthe Srinjayas then, rejoicing; after that, the Srinjayas
दृष्ट्वा भीष्मम् महारथम्dṛṣṭvā bhīṣmam mahārathamseeing Bhishma the great warrior; beholding great Bhishma
सिंहनादान् बहुविधान्siṃhanādān bahuvidhānlion-roars of many kinds; many manner of lion-cries
चक्रुः शङ्खविमिश्रितान्cakruḥ śaṅkhavimiśritānraised, mingled with conch-blasts; made, blended with the sound of conches
ततः प्रववृते युद्धम्tataḥ pravavṛte yuddhamthen the battle raged on; after that, the fight broke forth
व्यतिषक्तरथद्विपम्vyatiṣaktarathadvipamwith chariots and elephants intermingled; where rathas mingled with elephants
अपराम् दिशम् आस्थायaparām diśam āsthāyaas it turned toward the western quarter; taking the other direction
स्थिते सवितरि प्रभोsthite savitari prabhowhile the sun stood still, O lord; as the sun was declining
धृष्टद्युम्नः अथ पाञ्चाल्यःdhṛṣṭadyumnaḥ atha pāñcālyaḥthen Dhrishtadyumna the Panchala; after that, Dhrishtadyumna
सात्यकिः च महारथःsātyakiḥ ca mahārathaḥand Satyaki the great warrior; and Satyaki, the great chariot-fighter
पीडयन्तौ भृशम् सैन्यम्pīḍayantau bhṛśam sainyamthe two sorely oppressed the army; mightily crushing the host
शक्तितोमरवृष्टिभिःśaktitomaravṛṣṭibhiḥwith showers of shakti-spears and tomaras; with rains of javelins and darts
शस्त्रैः च बहुभिः राजन्śastraiḥ ca bahubhiḥ rājanand with many weapons, O king; with weapons of many kinds
जघ्नतुः तावकान् रणेjaghnatuḥ tāvakān raṇeslew your men in battle; struck down your warriors on the field
ते हन्यमानाः समरेte hanyamānāḥ samarethey, being slain in the fight; being cut down on the field
तावकाः पुरुषर्षभtāvakāḥ puruṣarṣabhayour men, O bull among men; your warriors
आर्याम् युद्धे मतिम् कृत्वाāryām yuddhe matim kṛtvāhaving resolved on noble conduct in battle; having decided to fight nobly
न त्यजन्ति स्म संयुगम्na tyajanti sma saṃyugamdid not abandon the combat; did not forsake the fight
यथोत्साहम् च समरेyathotsāham ca samareand according to their zeal in the battle; as far as their strength allowed
जघ्नुः लोकम् महारथाःjaghnuḥ lokam mahārathāḥthe great warriors slew the host of men; the great chariot-fighters struck down the people
Translation

Surrounded on every side, your father Devavrata, O king, seemed to play with his bow, felling great warriors. The Parthas saw this Kaurava moving through the battle like a young lion that had entered the midst of a herd of deer in the forest. Seeing him menace the heroes and strike terror with his arrows, they trembled, O great king, like herds of beasts before a lion. The kshatriyas watched the movement of this lion of the Bharatas in the battle — like the movement of fire aided by wind, eager to burn the dry brushwood. Bhishma, in the fight, felled the heads of the chariot-warriors as a skillful man brings down ripe fruit from palm trees. From the heads falling to the ground, O great king, there arose a tumultuous sound, as of falling stones. While this most dreadful and tumultuous battle continued, a great confusion arose among all the armies. When the battle-arrays were broken, the kshatriyas called out to one another, each to each, and stood forth for single combat. Then Shikhandin, coming up to the grandsire of the Bharatas, charged at him with great speed, crying, 'Stand! Stand!' But Bhishma, paying him no heed, mindful of Shikhandin's womanhood, advanced upon the Srinjayas in fury. The Srinjayas, rejoicing at the sight of Bhishma the great warrior, raised many kinds of lion-roars mingled with the blare of conches. Then, as the sun turned toward the western quarter, the battle broke out anew, with chariots and elephants intermingled. Dhrishtadyumna the Panchala and the great warrior Satyaki, sorely oppressing the army with showers of shakti-spears and tomaras and with many other weapons, struck down your men in the battle, O king. But your men, though slain in the fight, O bull among men, having resolved to fight nobly, did not abandon the combat; the great warriors fought according to their zeal and struck down the host of men."

Version

480ecf1bc0f9 · published Jul 17, 2026, 9:46:24 PM UTC

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