Mahābhārata
Sanatsujāta (043) (The Teaching of Sanatsujāta, Chapters 41–45)5.43.6-10
4304 / 15823
Mahābhārata · 5.43.6-10
Devanāgarī

धृतराष्ट्र उवाच
कथं समृद्धम् अप्य् ऋद्धं तपो भवति केवलम् ॥
सनत्सुजात तद् ब्रूहि यथा विद्याम तद् वयम् ॥
सनत्सुजात उवाच
क्रोधादयो द्वादश यस्य दोषास्; तथा नृशंसादि षड् अत्र राजन् ॥
धर्मादयो द्वादश चाततानाः; शास्त्रे गुणा ये विदिता द्विजानाम् ॥
क्रोधः कामो लोभमोहौ विवित्सा;कृपासूया मानशोकौ स्पृहा च ॥
ईर्ष्या जुगुप्सा च मनुष्यदोषा; वर्ज्याः सदा द्वादशैते नरेण ॥
एकैकम् एते राजेन्द्र मनुष्यान् पर्युपासते ॥
लिप्समानो ऽन्तरं तेषां मृगाणाम् इव लुब्धकः ॥
विकत्थनः स्पृहयालुर् मनस्वी; बिभ्रत् कोपं चपलो ऽरक्षणश् च ॥
एते प्राप्ताः षण् नरान् पापधर्मान्; प्रकुर्वते नोत सन्तः सुदुर्गे ॥

Transliteración (IAST)

dhṛtarāṣṭra uvāca
kathaṃ samṛddham apy ṛddhaṃ tapo bhavati kevalam ||
sanatsujāta tad brūhi yathā vidyāma tad vayam ||
sanatsujāta uvāca
krodhādayo dvādaśa yasya doṣās; tathā nṛśaṃsādi ṣaḍ atra rājan ||
dharmādayo dvādaśa cātatānāḥ; śāstre guṇā ye viditā dvijānām ||
krodhaḥ kāmo lobhamohau vivitsā;kṛpāsūyā mānaśokau spṛhā ca ||
īrṣyā jugupsā ca manuṣyadoṣā; varjyāḥ sadā dvādaśaite nareṇa ||
ekaikam ete rājendra manuṣyān paryupāsate ||
lipsamāno 'ntaraṃ teṣāṃ mṛgāṇām iva lubdhakaḥ ||
vikatthanaḥ spṛhayālur manasvī; bibhrat kopaṃ capalo 'rakṣaṇaś ca ||
ete prāptāḥ ṣaṇ narān pāpadharmān; prakurvate nota santaḥ sudurge ||

Palabra por palabra
SánscritoIASTSignificado
धृतराष्ट्रdhṛtarāṣṭraDhritarashtra; King Dhritarashtra
उवाचuvācasaid; spoke
कथंkathaṃhow; in what way
समृद्धम्samṛddhamfull; perfect
अप्य्apyalso; even
ऋद्धंṛddhaṃincreased; perfected
तपोtapoasceticism; austerity
भवतिbhavatiis; becomes
केवलम्kevalamonly; exclusively
सनत्सुजातsanatsujātaO Sanatsujata; O eternally-born one
तद्tadthat; this
ब्रूहिbrūhitell; declare
यथाyathāhow; in what way
विद्यामvidyāmawe may know; we may understand
तद्tadthat; this
वयम्vayamwe; all of us
सनत्सुजातsanatsujātaO Sanatsujata; O eternally-born one
उवाचuvācasaid; spoke
क्रोधादयोkrodhādayobeginning with anger; anger and the rest
द्वादशdvādaśatwelve; of twelve kinds
यस्यyasyawhose; of which
दोषास्doṣāsfaults; flaws
तथाtathāthus; in this way
नृशंसादिnṛśaṃsādibeginning with cruelty; cruelty and the rest
षड्ṣaḍsix; six in number
अत्रatrahere; in this
राजन्rājanO lord; O sovereign
धर्मादयोdharmādayobeginning with dharma; dharma and the rest
द्वादशdvādaśatwelve; of twelve kinds
चाततानाःcātatānāḥand unbroken; and undestroyed
शास्त्रेśāstrein the scripture; in the teaching
गुणाguṇāqualities; virtues
येyewhich; those that
विदिताviditāknown; recognized
द्विजानाम्dvijānāmof the twice-born; of the brahmanas
क्रोधःkrodhaḥanger; wrath
कामोkāmodesire; craving
लोभमोहौlobhamohaugreed and delusion; avarice and blindness
विवित्साvivitsādesire to know another's affairs; curiosity about another
कृपासूयाkṛpāsūyāmalicious pity and envy; spiteful fault-finding
मानशोकौmānaśokauhaughtiness and grief; conceit and sorrow
स्पृहाspṛhāenvious desire; wish to possess
caand; also
ईर्ष्याīrṣyājealousy; envy
जुगुप्साjugupsādisgust; squeamishness
caand; also
मनुष्यदोषाmanuṣyadoṣāhuman faults; flaws of men
वर्ज्याःvarjyāḥshould be shunned; are to be avoided
सदाsadāalways; constantly
द्वादशैतेdvādaśaitethese twelve; the twelve of them
नरेणnareṇaby a man; by a person
एकैकम्ekaikameach one; one by one
एतेetethese; they
राजेन्द्रrājendraO best of kings; O king of kings
मनुष्यान्manuṣyānmen; human beings
पर्युपासतेparyupāsatelie in wait for; beset
लिप्समानोlipsamānoseeking to seize; wishing to catch
ऽन्तरं'ntaraṃa refuge; an interval of safety
तेषांteṣāṃtheir; of these
मृगाणाम्mṛgāṇāmof deer; of beasts
इवivalike; as
लुब्धकःlubdhakaḥa hunter; a trapper
विकत्थनःvikatthanaḥboastful; self-praising
स्पृहयालुर्spṛhayālurcovetous; craving another's goods
मनस्वीmanasvīproud; strong-minded
बिभ्रत्bibhratbearing; carrying
कोपंkopaṃanger; wrath
चपलोcapalofickle; inconstant
ऽरक्षणश्'rakṣaṇaśfailing to protect; unable to guard
caand; also
एतेetethese; they
प्राप्ताःprāptāḥhaving attained; having reached
षण्ṣaṇsix; six in number
नरान्narānmen; males
पापधर्मान्pāpadharmānof wicked nature; of sinful disposition
प्रकुर्वतेprakurvatemake; turn into
नोतnotaand not; nor
सन्तःsantaḥgood men; the righteous
सुदुर्गेsudurgein great danger; in dire distress
Traducción

Dhritarashtra: Having destroyed sin through virtue, his soul is illumined by knowledge. The man of knowledge attains the Supreme Soul through knowledge. Otherwise, he who craves the four objects of human pursuit, taking with him all that he does here, enjoys their fruits hereafter, and, since those fruits are not eternal, returns to the field of action once the enjoyment is spent. Indeed, the fruits of ascetic feats performed in this world must be enjoyed in the world beyond — for those who have not mastered their own souls. As for the brahmanas engaged in ascetic practice, who have mastered their souls, even these regions are able to yield fruit.' Dhritarashtra said: 'O Sanatsujata, how can ascetic austerities, which are all of the same kind, sometimes succeed and sometimes fail? Tell us this, that we may know it!' Sanatsujata said: 'That asceticism which is unstained by desire and other faults is held able to secure liberation, and is therefore successful, while asceticism stained by vanity and the absence of true devotion is held unsuccessful. All your questions, O kshatriya, touch the very root of asceticism. It is through asceticism that the learned come to know Brahman and attain immortality!' Dhritarashtra said: 'I have heard what you have said about asceticism unstained by faults, through which I have come to know the eternal mystery. Now tell me, O Sanatsujata, about asceticism stained by faults!' Sanatsujata said: 'O king, twelve, beginning with anger, together with thirteen kinds of evil, are the flaws of stained asceticism. Anger, lust, greed, ignorance of good and evil, discontent, cruelty, malice, vanity, grief, love of pleasure, envy, and evil speech about others — all these are, generally, the faults of man.'

Versión

57c949248def · publicado 17 jul 2026, 4:31:17 UTC

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