Upaniṣads · Aitareya 1,1.2
॥
Devanāgarī
सः इमान् लोकान् असृजत् अम्भः मरीचीः मरम् आपः अदः अम्भः परेण दिवम् द्यौः प्रतिष्ठा अन्तरिक्षम् मरीचयः पृथिवी मरः याः अधस्तात् ताः आपः
Transliteración (IAST)
saḥ imān lokān asṛjat ambhaḥ marīcīḥ maram āpaḥ adaḥ ambhaḥ pareṇa divam dyauḥ pratiṣṭhā antarikṣam marīcayaḥ pṛthivī maraḥ yāḥ adhastāt tāḥ āpaḥ
Palabra por palabra
SánscritoIASTSignificado
सःsaḥHe; that one
इमान्imānthese; the present
लोकान्lokānworlds; realms
असृजत्asṛjatcreated; brought forth
अम्भःambhaḥAmbhas ('the Waters' — the upper waters beyond the sky); the supra-celestial waters; the upper ocean
मरीचीःmarīcīḥMarīci ('the Rays' — the light-bearing mid-region); the radiant space; the world of beams
मरम्maramMara ('the Mortal' — the earth); the mortal world; the realm of dying
आपःāpaḥthe Waters; the watery element
अदःadaḥthat; that highest
अम्भःambhaḥAmbhas ('the Waters' — the upper waters beyond the sky); the supra-celestial waters; the upper ocean
परेणpareṇabeyond (pareṇa); above; transcendent to
दिवम्divamthe sky; the shining world
द्यौःdyauḥthe sky; the heavenly world
प्रतिष्ठाpratiṣṭhāthe support; the base
अन्तरिक्षम्antarikṣamthe mid-region; the intervening space
मरीचयःmarīcayaḥthe rays; the spheres of light
पृथिवीpṛthivīthe earth; the earthly world
मरःmaraḥthe mortal; the realm of death
याःyāḥwhich; those that
अधस्तात्adhastātbelow (adhastāt); beneath; under [the earth]
ताःtāḥthey; those
आपःāpaḥthe Waters; the watery element
Traducción
He created these worlds: Ambhas, Marīci, Mara and the Waters. Ambhas is beyond the sky; the sky is its support. The mid-region is Marīci; the earth is Mara; what is below — those are the Waters.
Versión
e68a94b69bda · publicado 26 jul 2026, 19:36:16 UTC
Disponible enRUENPasa de verso en verso con
The first act — four worlds, called by rare names: ambhas — "the Waters", the upper waters beyond the sky (the sky is their floor!); marīcayaḥ — "the Rays", the light-bearing mid-region; mara — "the Mortal", the earth (named after its chief property: here one dies); āpaḥ — the lower Waters. The universe is built like a house of four storeys, with waters both above the roof and beneath the foundation: the world floats in an ocean of the unmanifest, like an island.
To call the earth "Mara", the mortal, is a gesture of great sobriety: from its first lines the Upaniṣad remembers that our storey is the storey of dying; yet it is inscribed between lights and waters in a single order: mortality is not exile from the universe but its middle, working tier.
The order from above downward — from the subtle to the dense — is usual in the Upaniṣads (the Taittirīya: from the Ātman through space to earth); the peculiarity of the Aitareya is the watery rims: creation is begun out of moisture and framed by moisture. The Creator's next step is to draw from these waters the one who will become the vessel of everything: the Puruṣa.