Upaniṣads · Śvetāśvatara 3.21
॥
Devanāgarī
वेदाहम् एतम् अजरं पुराणं सर्वात्मानं सर्वगतं विभुत्वात् ।
जन्मनिरोधं प्रवदन्ति यस्य ब्रह्मवादिनो हि प्रवदन्ति नित्यम्
Transliteración (IAST)
vedāham etam ajaraṃ purāṇaṃ sarvātmānaṃ sarvagataṃ vibhutvāt /
janmanirodhaṃ pravadanti yasya brahmavādino hi pravadanti nityam
Palabra por palabra
SánscritoIASTSignificado
वेद अहम्veda ahamI know; to me is known
एतम्etamHim; this one
अजरम्ajaramunageing; knowing no decay
पुराणम्purāṇamancient; primordial
सर्वात्मानम्sarvātmānamthe Soul of all; the Ātman of everything
सर्वगतम्sarvagatameverywhere present; reaching all
विभुत्वात्vibhutvātby His all-pervasion; by force of pervading
जन्मनिरोधम्janmanirodhamthe ending of birth; the cessation of births
प्रवदन्तिpravadantithey proclaim; they declare
यस्यyasyaof whom; whose
ब्रह्मवादिनःbrahmavādinaḥthose who discourse on Brahman; the knowers of Brahman
हिhiindeed; truly
प्रवदन्तिpravadantithey proclaim; they declare
नित्यम्nityamperpetually; constantly
Traducción
I know Him — unageing, ancient, the Soul of all, everywhere present by His very all-pervasion; of whom the knowers of Brahman proclaim as the ending of births — and they proclaim it perpetually.
Versión
3fbbb9031a38 · publicado 28 jul 2026, 14:13:46 UTC
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The adhyāya ends with the same word with which the first one began: brahmavādinaḥ, "those who discourse on Brahman". At the very beginning they were asking questions; here they proclaim the answer. The circle has closed.
And again the testimony sounds: veda aham, "I know", as at 3.8. Between these two "I knows" the whole adhyāya has been contained — from the Lord who holds the net to the Puruṣa of a thumb's size in the heart.
Four things are said of Him. Ajara, "unageing": time does not work upon Him. Purāṇa, "ancient", that is, prior to everything, not "old". Sarvātman, "Soul of all": not the sum of everything, but that which is soul to everything. And sarva-gata "by all-pervasion": He reaches everything not by moving but by His very nature.
The last line names Him with an unexpected name — janma-nirodha, "the ending of birth". Not "the giver of the ending", but the ending itself: where He is known, the round comes to an end. So the whole third adhyāya, which began with a net, ends with an untying.
And the word nityam, "perpetually", is stressed: the knowers of Brahman speak of this always. Not as their own discovery but as something handed on from mouth to mouth and therefore never falling silent.