महाभारत
Sanatsujāta (043) (The Teaching of Sanatsujāta, Chapters 41–45)5.43.16-20
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महाभारत · 5.43.16-20
देवनागरी

क्रोधः शोकस् तथा तृष्णा लोभः पैशुन्यम् एव च ॥
मत्सरश् च विवित्सा च परितापस् तथा रतिः ॥
अपस्मारः सातिवादस् तथा संभावनात्मनि ॥
एतैर् विमुक्तो दोषैर् यः स दमः सद्भिर् उच्यते ॥
श्रेयांस् तु षड्विधस् त्यागः प्रियं प्राप्य न हृष्यति ॥
अप्रिये तु समुत्पन्ने व्यथां जातु न चार्च्छति ॥
इष्टान् दारांश् च पुत्रांश् च न चान्यं यद् वचो भवेत् ॥
अर्हते याचमानाय प्रदेयं तद् वचो भवेत् ॥
अप्य् अवाच्यं वदत्य् एव स तृतीयो गुणः स्मृतः ॥
त्यक्तैर् द्रव्यैर् यो भवति नोपयुङ्क्ते च कामतः ॥
न च कर्मसु तद् धीनः शिष्यबुद्धिर् नरो यथा ॥
सर्वैर् एव गुणैर् युक्तो द्रव्यवान् अपि यो भवेत् ॥

लिप्यंतरण (IAST)

krodhaḥ śokas tathā tṛṣṇā lobhaḥ paiśunyam eva ca ||
matsaraś ca vivitsā ca paritāpas tathā ratiḥ ||
apasmāraḥ sātivādas tathā saṃbhāvanātmani ||
etair vimukto doṣair yaḥ sa damaḥ sadbhir ucyate ||
śreyāṃs tu ṣaḍvidhas tyāgaḥ priyaṃ prāpya na hṛṣyati ||
apriye tu samutpanne vyathāṃ jātu na cārcchati ||
iṣṭān dārāṃś ca putrāṃś ca na cānyaṃ yad vaco bhavet ||
arhate yācamānāya pradeyaṃ tad vaco bhavet ||
apy avācyaṃ vadaty eva sa tṛtīyo guṇaḥ smṛtaḥ ||
tyaktair dravyair yo bhavati nopayuṅkte ca kāmataḥ ||
na ca karmasu tad dhīnaḥ śiṣyabuddhir naro yathā ||
sarvair eva guṇair yukto dravyavān api yo bhavet ||

शब्दशः अर्थ
संस्कृतIASTअर्थ
क्रोधःkrodhaḥanger; wrath
शोकस्śokasgrief; sorrow
तथाtathāso; likewise
तृष्णाtṛṣṇāthirst; greedy longing
लोभःlobhaḥgreed; avarice
पैशुन्यम्paiśunyamslander; informing on others
एवevaindeed; precisely
caand; also
मत्सरश्matsaraśjealousy; rivalrous envy
caand; also
विवित्साvivitsādesire to know another's affairs; curiosity about another
caand; also
परितापस्paritāpastorment; burning remorse
तथाtathāso; likewise
रतिःratiḥattachment; fondness
अपस्मारःapasmāraḥforgetfulness; clouding of memory
सातिवादस्sātivādaswith excessive speech; abusive talkativeness
तथाtathāso; likewise
संभावनात्मनिsaṃbhāvanātmaniself-glorification; self-veneration
एतैर्etairby these; with such
विमुक्तोvimuktofreed; delivered
दोषैर्doṣairby faults; by flaws
यःyaḥwhich; whatever
sahe; this one
दमःdamaḥself-restraint; self-control
सद्भिर्sadbhirby good people; by the noble
उच्यतेucyateis called; is termed
श्रेयांस्śreyāṃsbetter; more excellent
तुtubut; however
षड्विधस्ṣaḍvidhasof six kinds; sixfold
त्यागःtyāgaḥrenunciation; relinquishment
प्रियंpriyaṃpleasant; welcome
प्राप्यprāpyahaving obtained; having attained
nanot; no
हृष्यतिhṛṣyatirejoices; exults
अप्रियेapriyewhen the unpleasant; when what is unloved
तुtubut; however
समुत्पन्नेsamutpannehas arisen; has occurred
व्यथांvyathāṃpain; distress
जातुjātuever; never
nanot; no
चार्च्छतिcārcchatiand reaches; and obtains
इष्टान्iṣṭānbeloved; cherished
दारांश्dārāṃświves; spouses
caand; also
पुत्रांश्putrāṃśsons; children
caand; also
nanot; no
चान्यंcānyaṃand another's; and another's too
यद्yadwhat; which
वचोvacoword; utterance
भवेत्bhavetwould be; let it be
अर्हतेarhateto one who is worthy; to one deserving
याचमानायyācamānāyato one who asks; to one who begs
प्रदेयंpradeyaṃshould be given; ought to be granted
तद्tadthat; this
वचोvacoword; utterance
भवेत्bhavetwould be; let it be
अप्य्apyeven; also
अवाच्यंavācyaṃthe unspeakable; that which should not be said
वदत्य्vadatywhen speaking; in one who spoke
एवevaindeed; precisely
sahe; this one
तृतीयोtṛtīyothird; as the third
गुणःguṇaḥquality; virtue
स्मृतःsmṛtaḥis remembered; is regarded
त्यक्तैर्tyaktairwith abandoned; with relinquished
द्रव्यैर्dravyairgoods; possessions
योyowho; he who
भवतिbhavatiis; becomes
नोपयुङ्क्तेnopayuṅktedoes not use; does not employ
caand; also
कामतःkāmataḥout of desire; by his own whim
nanot; no
caand; also
कर्मसुkarmasuin deeds; in actions
तद्tadthat; this
धीनःdhīnaḥdependent; subordinate
शिष्यबुद्धिर्śiṣyabuddhirwith the mind of a pupil; disposed as a disciple
नरोnaroa man; a person
यथाyathāas; in what way
सर्वैर्sarvairwith all; with every
एवevaindeed; precisely
गुणैर्guṇairqualities; virtues
युक्तोyuktoendowed; possessed
द्रव्यवान्dravyavānpossessing wealth; owning means
अपिapieven; also
योyowho; he who
भवेत्bhavetwould be; let it be
अनुवाद

The eighteen faults (enumerated above) constitute what is called mada, or pride. Renunciation is of six kinds. The reverse of these six are again the breaches called mada. (Thus the faults called mada number eighteen and six.) All six kinds of renunciation are praiseworthy. Only the third is difficult to practice, but through it all sorrows are overcome. Indeed, if such renunciation is put into practice, he who performs it conquers all the pairs of opposites in the world. 'All six kinds of renunciation are praiseworthy. They are these: the first never feels joy over prosperity. The second is the giving up of sacrifices, prayers, and pious acts. That which is called the third, O king, is the giving up of desires, or withdrawal from the world. Indeed, this follows from this third kind of relinquishing of desires, which is marked by the renunciation of all objects of enjoyment without having enjoyed them — not their abandonment after having enjoyed them to the full, nor abandonment after acquisition, nor abandonment only after one has become incapable of enjoyment through loss of appetite. The fourth kind of renunciation consists in this: a man should not grieve, nor let sorrow torment him, when his undertakings fail despite his possessing every virtue and every kind of wealth; or, when something unpleasant occurs, the man feels no pain — in not begging even from his own sons, wives, and others who may be very dear to him. Vows (of restraint) and the non-acceptance (of gifts).'

संस्करण

8c61e28f3c20 · प्रकाशित 17 जुल॰ 2026, 4:31:17 am UTC

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