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उपनिषद् · Śāṭyāyanīya 4
॥
देवनागरी
नावेदविन्मनुते तं बृहन्तं नाब्रह्मवित्परमं प्रैति धाम । विष्णुक्रान्तं वासुदेवं विजानन्विप्रो विप्रत्वं गच्छते तत्त्वदर्शी
लिप्यंतरण (IAST)
nāvedavinmanute taṃ bṛhantaṃ nābrahmavitparamaṃ praiti dhāma | viṣṇukrāntaṃ vāsudevaṃ vijānanvipro vipratvaṃ gacchate tattvadarśī
शब्दशः अर्थ
संस्कृतIASTअर्थ
न अ-वेद-वित् मनुतेna a-veda-vit manuteone not knowing the Veda does not think of
तं बृहन्तंtaṃ bṛhantaṃthat great one
न अ-ब्रह्म-वित्na a-brahma-vitone not knowing brahman
परमं प्रैति धामparamaṃ praiti dhāmadoes not go to the supreme abode
विष्णु-क्रान्तं वासुदेवंviṣṇu-krāntaṃ vāsudevaṃVāsudeva, who strode [three steps]
विजानन्vijānanknowing
विप्रः विप्रत्वं गच्छतेvipraḥ vipratvaṃ gacchatethe inspired one attains true inspiration
तत्त्व-दर्शीtattva-darśīthe seer of truth
अनुवाद
"One not knowing the Veda does not think of that great one; one not knowing brahman does not go to the supreme abode. Knowing Vāsudeva, who strode [across the worlds], the inspired one, the seer of truth, attains [true] inspiration."
संस्करण
35412b4e3aec · प्रकाशित 12 अग॰ 2026, 5:00:00 am UTC
उपलब्ध भाषाएँRUENश्लोक बदलें इन कुंजियों से
Here is a verse for whose sake it is worth taking up this book: it is a Vaiṣṇava recension of a well-known Vedic saying. The first half — na-veda-vin mануте tam bṛhantam — stands in the Taittirīya-brāhmaṇa and in the Mahānārāyaṇa, and there it ends abstractly. Here to the second half is attached a name: viṣṇu-krāntaṃ vāsudevaṃ vijānan, "knowing Vāsudeva, who strode."
Both words deserve examination. Viṣṇu-krānta means "having strode across, having stepped over"; and this is a direct reference to the three steps discussed when reading the Tārasāra (3.13): "that supreme place of Viṣṇu" is that which the third step reached. Vāsudeva means "son of Vasudeva" and is one of the chief names; it was discussed when reading the Gopāla-tāpanī.
That is, the abstract "that great one" and "supreme abode" of the first half are named by name in the second. We have noted this device in a dozen books, each time as a slip; here it is not a slip but the compiler's direct intent. Let us add the last half-verse, for it contains wordplay: vipro vipratvaṃ gacchate, "the inspired one attains true inspiration."
Vipra means "trembling, inspired," and this word occurred to us in the last verse of the Varāha; here it is said that one born a vipra becomes a vipra in deed only when he has known Vāsudeva. That is, rank by birth is declared empty until it is filled with knowledge; and this, to my mind, is the finest use of the word "brahmin" to be found.