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Vyāsa-dāna-tapas-mudgala-upākhyāna-prārambha-parva (Vyāsa on Giving and Austerity)3.245.26-34
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摩诃婆罗多 · 3.245.26-34
天城文

युधिष्ठिर उवाच
भगवन् दानधर्माणां तपसो वा महामुने ॥
किं स्विद् बहुगुणं प्रेत्य किं वा दुष्करम् उच्यते ॥
व्यास उवाच
दानान् न दुष्करतरं पृथिव्याम् अस्ति किं चन ॥
अर्थे हि महती तृष्णा स च दुःखेन लभ्यते ॥
परित्यज्य प्रियान् प्राणान् धनार्थं हि महाहवम् ॥
प्रविशन्ति नरा वीराः समुद्रम् अटवीं तथा ॥
कृषिगोरक्ष्यम् इत्य् एके प्रतिपद्यन्ति मानवाः ॥
पुरुषाः प्रेष्यताम् एके निर्गच्छन्ति धनार्थिनः ॥
तस्य दुःखार्जितस्यैवं परित्यागः सुदुष्करः ॥
न दुष्करतरं दानात् तस्माद् दानं मतं मम ॥
विशेषस् त्व् अत्र विज्ञेयो न्यायेनोपार्जितं धनम् ॥
पात्रे देशे च काले च साधुभ्यः प्रतिपादयेत् ॥
अन्यायसमुपात्तेन दानधर्मो धनेन यः ॥
क्रियते न स कर्तारं त्रायते महतो भयात् ॥
पात्रे दानं स्वल्पम् अपि काले दत्तं युधिष्ठिर ॥
मनसा सुविशुद्धेन प्रेत्यानन्तफलं स्मृतम् ॥
अत्राप्य् उदाहरन्तीमम् इतिहासं पुरातनम् ॥
व्रीहिद्रोणपरित्यागाद् यत् फलं प्राप मुद्गलः ॥

转写 (IAST)

yudhiṣṭhira uvāca
bhagavan dānadharmāṇāṃ tapaso vā mahāmune ||
kiṃ svid bahuguṇaṃ pretya kiṃ vā duṣkaram ucyate ||
vyāsa uvāca
dānān na duṣkarataraṃ pṛthivyām asti kiṃ cana ||
arthe hi mahatī tṛṣṇā sa ca duḥkhena labhyate ||
parityajya priyān prāṇān dhanārthaṃ hi mahāhavam ||
praviśanti narā vīrāḥ samudram aṭavīṃ tathā ||
kṛṣigorakṣyam ity eke pratipadyanti mānavāḥ ||
puruṣāḥ preṣyatām eke nirgacchanti dhanārthinaḥ ||
tasya duḥkhārjitasyaivaṃ parityāgaḥ suduṣkaraḥ ||
na duṣkarataraṃ dānāt tasmād dānaṃ mataṃ mama ||
viśeṣas tv atra vijñeyo nyāyenopārjitaṃ dhanam ||
pātre deśe ca kāle ca sādhubhyaḥ pratipādayet ||
anyāyasamupāttena dānadharmo dhanena yaḥ ||
kriyate na sa kartāraṃ trāyate mahato bhayāt ||
pātre dānaṃ svalpam api kāle dattaṃ yudhiṣṭhira ||
manasā suviśuddhena pretyānantaphalaṃ smṛtam ||
atrāpy udāharantīmam itihāsaṃ purātanam ||
vrīhidroṇaparityāgād yat phalaṃ prāpa mudgalaḥ ||

逐字释义
梵语IAST释义
युधिष्ठिर उवाच भगवन् दानधर्माणां तपसो वा महामुने ॥ किं स्विद् बहुगुणं प्रेत्य किं वा दुष्करम् उच्यते ॥ व्यास उवाच दानान् न दुष्करतरं पृथिव्याम् अस्ति किं चन ॥ अर्थे हि महती तृष्णा स च दुःखेन लभ्यते ॥ परित्यज्य प्रियान् प्राणान् धनार्थं हि महाहवम् ॥ प्रविशन्ति नरा वीराः समुद्रम् अटवीं तथा ॥ कृषिगोरक्ष्यम् इत्य् एके प्रतिपद्यन्ति मानवाः ॥ पुरुषाः प्रेष्यताम् एके निर्गच्छन्ति धनार्थिनः ॥ तस्य दुःखार्जितस्यैवं परित्यागः सुदुष्करः ॥ न दुष्करतरं दानात् तस्माद् दानं मतं मम ॥ विशेषस् त्व् अत्र विज्ञेयो न्यायेनोपार्जितं धनम् ॥ पात्रे देशे च काले च साधुभ्यः प्रतिपादयेत् ॥ अन्यायसमुपात्तेन दानधर्मो धनेन यः ॥ क्रियते न स कर्तारं त्रायते महतो भयात् ॥ पात्रे दानं स्वल्पम् अपि काले दत्तं युधिष्ठिर ॥ मनसा सुविशुद्धेन प्रेत्यानन्तफलं स्मृतम् ॥ अत्राप्य् उदाहरन्तीमम् इतिहासं पुरातनम् ॥ व्रीहिद्रोणपरित्यागाद् यत् फलं प्राप मुद्गलः ॥yudhiṣṭhira uvāca bhagavan dānadharmāṇāṃ tapaso vā mahāmune || kiṃ svid bahuguṇaṃ pretya kiṃ vā duṣkaram ucyate || vyāsa uvāca dānān na duṣkarataraṃ pṛthivyām asti kiṃ cana || arthe hi mahatī tṛṣṇā sa ca duḥkhena labhyate || parityajya priyān prāṇān dhanārthaṃ hi mahāhavam || praviśanti narā vīrāḥ samudram aṭavīṃ tathā || kṛṣigorakṣyam ity eke pratipadyanti mānavāḥ || puruṣāḥ preṣyatām eke nirgacchanti dhanārthinaḥ || tasya duḥkhārjitasyaivaṃ parityāgaḥ suduṣkaraḥ || na duṣkarataraṃ dānāt tasmād dānaṃ mataṃ mama || viśeṣas tv atra vijñeyo nyāyenopārjitaṃ dhanam || pātre deśe ca kāle ca sādhubhyaḥ pratipādayet || anyāyasamupāttena dānadharmo dhanena yaḥ || kriyate na sa kartāraṃ trāyate mahato bhayāt || pātre dānaṃ svalpam api kāle dattaṃ yudhiṣṭhira || manasā suviśuddhena pretyānantaphalaṃ smṛtam || atrāpy udāharantīmam itihāsaṃ purātanam || vrīhidroṇaparityāgād yat phalaṃ prāpa mudgalaḥ ||Yudhishthira asks which, among the dharma of giving and austerity, bears the greater fruit after death, and which is called difficult; Vyasa replies that on earth there is nothing more difficult than giving, because there is a great thirst for wealth, and it is obtained with difficulty: for its sake men risk their lives in battle, at sea, and in the forest, take up farming and cattle-keeping, or enter into service for others; therefore to give up what was gained with such difficulty is very hard, and Vyasa holds giving to be supreme; but here a distinction must be understood: wealth acquired righteously should be given to the good, in the right place and at the right time, while a gift made from wealth acquired unrighteously does not save the giver from great fear; even a small gift to a worthy recipient, given at the right time with a perfectly pure mind, is remembered as bearing endless fruit after death; on this point they cite an ancient tale — the fruit that Mudgala obtained by giving away a drona of rice.
译文

Yudhishthira said: "Blessed one, among the dharmas of giving and austerity, great sage, which bears the greater merit after death, and which is called difficult?" Vyasa answered: "On earth there is nothing more difficult than giving. For there is a great thirst for wealth, and it is obtained with difficulty. For the sake of wealth, heroes, abandoning their beloved lives, enter into great battle, into the sea, and into the forest. Some men take up farming and the protection of cattle, others, desiring wealth, go forth into service. Therefore to give up what has been gained with such difficulty is exceedingly hard. There is nothing more difficult than giving, and therefore giving, in my view, is supreme. But here a special rule should be known: wealth acquired justly should be given over to worthy people, in the right place and at the right time. The dharma of giving performed with wealth obtained unjustly does not save the one who performs it from great fear. Even a small gift to a worthy recipient, given at the right time, Yudhishthira, with a perfectly pure mind, is held to bear endless fruit after death. On this point they also relate this ancient tale: what fruit Mudgala obtained by giving away a drona of rice."

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cd4670a9efa5 · 发布于 2026年7月16日 17:28:43 UTC

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