摩诃婆罗多
Sanatsujāta (042) (The Teaching of Sanatsujāta, Chapters 41–45)5.42.6-10
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摩诃婆罗多 · 5.42.6-10
天城文

यमं त्व् एके मृत्युम् अतो ऽन्यम् आहुर्; आत्मावसन्नम् अमृतं ब्रह्मचर्यम् ॥
पितृलोके राज्यम् अनुशास्ति देवः; शिवः शिवानाम् अशिवो ऽशिवानाम् ॥
आस्याद् एष निःसरते नराणां; क्रोधः प्रमादो मोहरूपश् च मृत्युः ॥
ते मोहितास् तद्वशे वर्तमाना; इतः प्रेतास् तत्र पुनः पतन्ति ॥
ततस् तं देवा अनु विप्लवन्ते; अतो मृत्युर् मरणाख्याम् उपैति ॥
कर्मोदये कर्मफलानुरागास्; तत्रानु यान्ति न तरन्ति मृत्युम् ॥
यो ऽभिध्यायन्न् उत्पतिष्णून् निहन्याद्; अनादरेणाप्रतिबुध्यमानः ॥
स वै मृत्युर् मृत्युर् इवात्ति भूत्वा; एवं विद्वान् यो विनिहन्ति कामान् ॥
कामानुसारी पुरुषः कामान् अनु विनश्यति ॥
कामान् व्युदस्य धुनुते यत् किं चित् पुरुषो रजः ॥

转写 (IAST)

yamaṃ tv eke mṛtyum ato 'nyam āhur; ātmāvasannam amṛtaṃ brahmacaryam ||
pitṛloke rājyam anuśāsti devaḥ; śivaḥ śivānām aśivo 'śivānām ||
āsyād eṣa niḥsarate narāṇāṃ; krodhaḥ pramādo moharūpaś ca mṛtyuḥ ||
te mohitās tadvaśe vartamānā; itaḥ pretās tatra punaḥ patanti ||
tatas taṃ devā anu viplavante; ato mṛtyur maraṇākhyām upaiti ||
karmodaye karmaphalānurāgās; tatrānu yānti na taranti mṛtyum ||
yo 'bhidhyāyann utpatiṣṇūn nihanyād; anādareṇāpratibudhyamānaḥ ||
sa vai mṛtyur mṛtyur ivātti bhūtvā; evaṃ vidvān yo vinihanti kāmān ||
kāmānusārī puruṣaḥ kāmān anu vinaśyati ||
kāmān vyudasya dhunute yat kiṃ cit puruṣo rajaḥ ||

逐字释义
梵语IAST释义
यमंyamaṃYama; the lord of death
त्व्tvbut; however
एकेekesome; certain ones
मृत्युम्mṛtyumdeath; destruction
अतोatotherefore; hence
ऽन्यम्'nyamanother; a different one
आहुर्āhursay; call
आत्मावसन्नम्ātmāvasannamimmersed in the self; established in itself
अमृतंamṛtaṃamrita; the nectar of immortality
ब्रह्मचर्यम्brahmacaryambrahmacharya; the chaste spiritual discipline
पितृलोकेpitṛlokein the world of the ancestors; in the realm of the pitris
राज्यम्rājyamthe kingdom; the dominion
अनुशास्तिanuśāstigoverns; rules
देवःdevaḥthe god; the divine one
शिवःśivaḥbenevolent; gracious
शिवानाम्śivānāmof the virtuous; of the fortunate
अशिवोaśivomalevolent; unfortunate
ऽशिवानाम्'śivānāmof the wicked; of the unfortunate
आस्याद्āsyādfrom the mouth; from the lips
एषeṣathis; he
निःसरतेniḥsaratecomes forth; issues
नराणांnarāṇāṃamong men; from men
क्रोधःkrodhaḥanger; wrath
प्रमादोpramādonegligence; carelessness
मोहरूपश्moharūpaśtaking the form of delusion; whose shape is bewilderment
caand; also
मृत्युःmṛtyuḥdeath; destruction
तेtethey; those
मोहितास्mohitāsbewildered; led into delusion
तद्वशेtadvaśein its power; under its control
वर्तमानाvartamānāabiding; following
इतःitaḥfrom here; from this world
प्रेतास्pretāsthe dead; the departed
तत्रtatrathere; thither
पुनःpunaḥagain; then
पतन्तिpatantifall; sink
ततस्tatasfrom there; from that side
तंtaṃthat one; him
देवाdevāthe gods; the celestials
अनुanufollowing; after
विप्लवन्तेviplavanteare cast about; are submerged
अतोatotherefore; hence
मृत्युर्mṛtyurdeath; Mrityu
मरणाख्याम्maraṇākhyāmthe name of death; the name of dying
उपैतिupaiticomes; arrives
कर्मोदयेkarmodayewhen karma ripens; when action arises
कर्मफलानुरागास्karmaphalānurāgāsattached to the fruits of deeds; fond of the results of karma
तत्रानुtatrānuthither in pursuit; there following
यान्तिyāntigo; come
nanot; no
तरन्तिtaranticross over; overcome
मृत्युम्mṛtyumdeath; destruction
योyowho; he who
ऽभिध्यायन्न्'bhidhyāyanncoveting; brooding over another's possessions
उत्पतिष्णून्utpatiṣṇūnrising; arising
निहन्याद्nihanyādwould destroy; would annihilate
अनादरेणाप्रतिबुध्यमानःanādareṇāpratibudhyamānaḥnot awakening through carelessness; not understanding out of disregard
sahe; this one
वैvaiindeed; truly
मृत्युर्mṛtyurdeath; Mrityu
मृत्युर्mṛtyurdeath; Mrityu
इवात्तिivāttidevours as it were; eats as it were
भूत्वाbhūtvāhaving become; being
एवंevaṃthus; in this way
विद्वान्vidvānthe knowing one; the wise one
योyowho; he who
विनिहन्तिvinihantidestroys; strikes down
कामान्kāmāndesires; passions
कामानुसारीkāmānusārīfollowing his desires; pursuing his passions
पुरुषःpuruṣaḥman; person
कामान्kāmāndesires; passions
अनुanufollowing; after
विनश्यतिvinaśyatiperishes; vanishes
कामान्kāmāndesires; passions
व्युदस्यvyudasyahaving cast off; having removed
धुनुतेdhunuteshakes off; washes away
यत्yatwhat; which
किंkiṃwhat; whatever
चित्cit-ever; any
पुरुषोpuruṣoman; person
रजःrajaḥpassion; the taint of rajas
译文

Their senses always follow after them. It is on account of this ignorance that death has received its name. Those who desire the fruits of action, when the time comes to enjoy those fruits, depart for heaven, leaving their bodies behind. Consequently, they cannot escape death. Embodied beings, being unable to attain the knowledge of Brahman and being bound by their attachment to earthly pleasures, are compelled to remain within the cycle of rebirth, moving upward, downward, and round about. The sole natural inclination of man toward pursuits that are unreal is the cause of the senses being led into delusion. The soul, constantly given over to the pursuit of unreal objects, remembering only what it is always occupied with, cherishes nothing but the earthly pleasures that surround it. Desire for enjoyment is the first thing that kills men. Lust and anger soon follow after it. These three — the craving for enjoyment, lust, and anger — lead foolish men to death. But those who have conquered their own souls succeed, through self-restraint, in escaping death. He who has conquered his soul, not allowing himself to be roused by ambitious desire, overcomes these three, regarding them as worthless, by means of self-knowledge. Ignorance, having taken the form of Yama, cannot devour that learned man who has thus mastered his desires. The man who follows his desires perishes together with them. But he who can renounce his desires will surely be able to drive away all sorrow. Desire is indeed ignorance, darkness, and hell for all beings, for, yielding to it, they lose their reason. Just as intoxicated men, walking along the road, stagger into ruts and pits, so too men under the sway of desire, led astray by deceptive pleasures, rush headlong toward their ruin.

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46fe3cf7e58f · 发布于 2026年7月17日 04:31:17 UTC

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