Mahabharata
Prajāgara (033) (Dhṛtarāṣṭra's Night of Anxiety, Chapters 33–40)5.33.71-75
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Mahabharata · 5.33.71-75
Devanāgarī

षड् इमे षट्सु जीवन्ति सप्तमो नोपलभ्यते ॥
चोराः प्रमत्ते जीवन्ति व्याधितेषु चिकित्सकाः ॥
प्रमदाः कामयानेषु यजमानेषु याजकाः ॥
राजा विवदमानेषु नित्यं मूर्खेषु पण्डिताः ॥
सप्त दोषाः सदा राज्ञा हातव्या व्यसनोदयाः ॥
प्रायशो यैर् विनश्यन्ति कृतमूलाश् च पार्थिवाः ॥
स्त्रियो ऽक्षा मृगया पानं वाक्पारुष्यं च पञ्चमम् ॥
महच् च दण्डपारुष्यम् अर्थदूषणम् एव च ॥
अष्टौ पूर्वनिमित्तानि नरस्य विनशिष्यतः ॥
ब्राह्मणान् प्रथमं द्वेष्टि ब्राह्मणैश् च विरुध्यते ॥

Transliteration (IAST)

ṣaḍ ime ṣaṭsu jīvanti saptamo nopalabhyate ||
corāḥ pramatte jīvanti vyādhiteṣu cikitsakāḥ ||
pramadāḥ kāmayāneṣu yajamāneṣu yājakāḥ ||
rājā vivadamāneṣu nityaṃ mūrkheṣu paṇḍitāḥ ||
sapta doṣāḥ sadā rājñā hātavyā vyasanodayāḥ ||
prāyaśo yair vinaśyanti kṛtamūlāś ca pārthivāḥ ||
striyo 'kṣā mṛgayā pānaṃ vākpāruṣyaṃ ca pañcamam ||
mahac ca daṇḍapāruṣyam arthadūṣaṇam eva ca ||
aṣṭau pūrvanimittāni narasya vinaśiṣyataḥ ||
brāhmaṇān prathamaṃ dveṣṭi brāhmaṇaiś ca virudhyate ||

Word-by-word
SanskritIASTMeaning
षड्ṣaḍsix; the six
इमेimethese; they
षट्सुṣaṭsuon six; among six
जीवन्तिjīvantilive; subsist
सप्तमोsaptamoa seventh; another seventh
नोपलभ्यतेnopalabhyateis not found; is not to be discovered
चोराःcorāḥthieves; robbers
प्रमत्तेpramatteoff the careless; off the inattentive
जीवन्तिjīvantilive; subsist
व्याधितेषुvyādhiteṣuoff the sick; among the afflicted
चिकित्सकाःcikitsakāḥphysicians; healers
प्रमदाःpramadāḥwomen; mistresses
कामयानेषुkāmayāneṣuoff those consumed with desire; among the enamored
यजमानेषुyajamāneṣuoff sacrificers; among those who commission a rite
याजकाःyājakāḥpriests; performers of sacrifice
राजाrājāthe king; the ruler
विवदमानेषुvivadamāneṣuoff those who quarrel; among litigants
नित्यंnityaṃconstantly; always
मूर्खेषुmūrkheṣuamong fools; off the ignorant
पण्डिताःpaṇḍitāḥthe learned; scholars
सप्तsaptaseven; the seven
दोषाःdoṣāḥfaults; defects
सदाsadāalways; constantly
राज्ञाrājñāby a king; by a ruler
हातव्याhātavyāmust be abandoned; are to be forsaken
व्यसनोदयाःvyasanodayāḥgiving rise to vices; sources of calamity
प्रायशोprāyaśomost often; usually
यैर्yairby which; because of which
विनश्यन्तिvinaśyantiperish; are destroyed
कृतमूलाश्kṛtamūlāśdeeply rooted; firmly established
caand; also
पार्थिवाःpārthivāḥkings; earthly rulers
स्त्रियोstriyowomen; wives
ऽक्षा'kṣādice; gaming dice
मृगयाmṛgayāhunting; the chase
पानंpānaṃdrinking; use of intoxicants
वाक्पारुष्यंvākpāruṣyaṃharshness of speech; roughness of words
caand; also
पञ्चमम्pañcamamthe fifth; as the fifth
महच्mahacgreat; severe
caand; also
दण्डपारुष्यम्daṇḍapāruṣyamcruelty of punishment; severity of chastisement
अर्थदूषणम्arthadūṣaṇamruin of wealth; mismanagement of affairs
एवevaindeed; precisely
caand; also
अष्टौaṣṭaueight; eight signs
पूर्वनिमित्तानिpūrvanimittānipreliminary signs; early omens
नरस्यnarasyaof a man; of a person
विनशिष्यतःvinaśiṣyataḥabout to perish; destined for ruin
ब्राह्मणान्brāhmaṇānbrahmins; priests
प्रथमंprathamaṃfirst; at first
द्वेष्टिdveṣṭihates; is hostile toward
ब्राह्मणैश्brāhmaṇaiświth brahmins; by brahmins
caand; also
विरुध्यतेvirudhyatecomes into conflict; becomes hostile
Translation

These eight are the immediate signs of a man doomed to ruin: hatred of brahmins, disputes with brahmins, seizure of a brahmin's property, taking a brahmin's life, delight in reviling brahmins, grief upon hearing brahmins praised, forgetting them on solemn occasions, and showing malice when they ask for something. A wise man should understand these failings and, understanding them, avoid them. These eight, O Bharata, are the cream of happiness, and they alone are attainable here: meeting with friends, obtaining great wealth, embracing a son, union for fellowship, conversation with friends at the right moment, advancement of those belonging to one's own party, gaining what one desired, and being honored in society. These eight qualities glorify a man: wisdom, high birth, self-restraint, learning, valor, moderation in speech, giving according to one's means, and gratitude. This house has nine doors, three pillars, and five witnesses.

Version

7fab5e272d17 · published Jul 17, 2026, 4:02:44 AM UTC

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