Mahabharata
Prajāgara (039) (Dhṛtarāṣṭra's Night of Anxiety, Chapters 33–40)5.39.6-10
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Mahabharata · 5.39.6-10
Devanāgarī

समृद्धा गुणतः के चिद् भवन्ति धनतो ऽपरे ॥
धनवृद्धान् गुणैर् हीनान् धृतराष्ट्र विवर्जयेत् ॥
धृतराष्ट्र उवाच
सर्वं त्वम् आयतीयुक्तं भाषसे प्राज्ञसंमतम् ॥
न चोत्सहे सुतं त्यक्तुं यतो धर्मस् ततो जयः ॥
विदुर उवाच
स्वभावगुणसंपन्नो न जातु विनयान्वितः ॥
सुसूक्ष्मम् अपि भूतानाम् उपमर्दं प्रयोक्ष्यते ॥
परापवादनिरताः परदुःखोदयेषु च ॥
परस्परविरोधे च यतन्ते सततोत्थिताः ॥
सदोषं दर्शनं येषां संवासे सुमहद् भयम् ॥
अर्थादाने महान् दोषः प्रदाने च महद् भयम् ॥

Transliteration (IAST)

samṛddhā guṇataḥ ke cid bhavanti dhanato 'pare ||
dhanavṛddhān guṇair hīnān dhṛtarāṣṭra vivarjayet ||
dhṛtarāṣṭra uvāca
sarvaṃ tvam āyatīyuktaṃ bhāṣase prājñasaṃmatam ||
na cotsahe sutaṃ tyaktuṃ yato dharmas tato jayaḥ ||
vidura uvāca
svabhāvaguṇasaṃpanno na jātu vinayānvitaḥ ||
susūkṣmam api bhūtānām upamardaṃ prayokṣyate ||
parāpavādaniratāḥ paraduḥkhodayeṣu ca ||
parasparavirodhe ca yatante satatotthitāḥ ||
sadoṣaṃ darśanaṃ yeṣāṃ saṃvāse sumahad bhayam ||
arthādāne mahān doṣaḥ pradāne ca mahad bhayam ||

Word-by-word
SanskritIASTMeaning
समृद्धाsamṛddhāprosperous; flourishing
गुणतःguṇataḥby qualities; by virtues
केkewho; which people
चिद्cidindeed; some
भवन्तिbhavantiare; become
धनतोdhanatoby wealth; by riches
ऽपरे'pareothers; different ones
धनवृद्धान्dhanavṛddhāngrown wealthy; enriched
गुणैर्guṇairin qualities; in virtues
हीनान्hīnāndevoid of; lacking
धृतराष्ट्रdhṛtarāṣṭraDhritarashtra; King Dhritarashtra
विवर्जयेत्vivarjayetshould avoid; ought to shun
धृतराष्ट्रdhṛtarāṣṭraDhritarashtra; King Dhritarashtra
उवाचuvācasaid; spoke
सर्वंsarvaṃall; entirely
त्वम्tvamyou; you yourself
आयतीयुक्तंāyatīyuktaṃconnected with the future; beneficial for the future
भाषसेbhāṣaseyou say; you utter
प्राज्ञसंमतम्prājñasaṃmatamapproved by the wise; in accord with the opinion of the learned
nanot; no
चोत्सहेcotsaheand I can; and I dare
सुतंsutaṃson; offspring
त्यक्तुंtyaktuṃto abandon; to give up
यतोyatofrom which; whence
धर्मस्dharmasdharma; righteousness
ततोtatothence; from that
जयःjayaḥvictory; success
विदुरviduraO Vidura; Vidura
उवाचuvācasaid; spoke
स्वभावगुणसंपन्नोsvabhāvaguṇasaṃpannoendowed with natural virtues; possessing a good character
nanot; no
जातुjātuever; never
विनयान्वितःvinayānvitaḥendowed with humility; possessing discipline
सुसूक्ष्मम्susūkṣmamvery small; the subtlest
अपिapieven; also
भूतानाम्bhūtānāmof beings; of living creatures
उपमर्दंupamardaṃoppression; affliction
प्रयोक्ष्यतेprayokṣyatewill cause; will inflict
परापवादनिरताःparāpavādaniratāḥengaged in slandering others; fond of maligning strangers
परदुःखोदयेषुparaduḥkhodayeṣuin bringing about others' suffering; in causing pain to others
caand; also
परस्परविरोधेparasparavirodhein mutual enmity; in discord with one another
caand; also
यतन्तेyatantestrive; exert effort
सततोत्थिताःsatatotthitāḥconstantly active; ever roused to action
सदोषंsadoṣaṃblameworthy; suspicious
दर्शनंdarśanaṃin sight; in appearance
येषांyeṣāṃwhose; of whom
संवासेsaṃvāsein dwelling together; in association
सुमहद्sumahadvery great; immense
भयम्bhayamfear; danger
अर्थादानेarthādānein taking wealth; in receiving riches
महान्mahāngreat; large
दोषःdoṣaḥfault; harm
प्रदानेpradānein giving; in bestowing
caand; also
महद्mahadgreat; large
भयम्bhayamfear; danger
Translation

That is not a loss, O king, which brings gain. But that should be regarded as loss which, once incurred, would surely bring about still greater ruin. Some become eminent through good qualities; others become so through wealth. Avoid, O Dhritarashtra, those who are rich in wealth but devoid of good qualities!’ Dhritarashtra said: ‘All that you say is approved by the wise and intended for my future good. Yet I cannot bring myself to abandon my son. It is well known that where there is righteousness, there is victory.’ Vidura said: ‘One who is endowed with every virtue and possessed of humility is never indifferent even to the slightest suffering of living beings. But those who constantly speak ill of others always strive to quarrel with one another and are bent, in all things, on causing pain to others. There is fault in accepting gifts, and there is danger in giving gifts to those whose very appearance is inauspicious and whose company is fraught with peril. Quarrelsome, greedy, shameless, and deceitful people are known as unrighteous, and their company should always be avoided.’

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a82877a4e1c2 · published Jul 17, 2026, 4:02:44 AM UTC

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