वेदम् अनूच्य आचार्यः अन्तेवासिनम् अनुशास्ति सत्यम् वद धर्मम् चर स्वाध्यायात् मा प्रमदः आचार्याय प्रियम् धनम् आहृत्य प्रजातन्तुं मा व्यवच्छेत्सीः सत्यात् न प्रमदितव्यम् धर्मात् न प्रमदितव्यम् कुशलात् न प्रमदितव्यम् भूत्यै न प्रमदितव्यम् स्वाध्यायप्रवचनाभ्याम् न प्रमदितव्यम् देवपितृकार्याभ्याम् न प्रमदितव्यम् मातृदेवः भव पितृदेवः भव आचार्यदेवः भव अतिथिदेवः भव यानि अनवद्यानि कर्माणि तानि सेवितव्यानि न इतराणि यानि अस्माकम् सुचरितानि तानि त्वया उपास्यानि न इतराणि ये के च अस्मत् श्रेयांसः ब्राह्मणाः तेषाम् त्वया आसनेन प्रश्वसितव्यम् श्रद्धया देयम् अश्रद्धया अदेयम् श्रिया देयम् ह्रिया देयम् भिया देयम् संविदा देयम् अथ यदि ते कर्मविचिकित्सा वा वृत्तविचिकित्सा वा स्यात् ये तत्र ब्राह्मणाः संमर्शिनः युक्ताः अयुक्ताः अलूक्षाः धर्मकामाः स्युः यथा ते तत्र वर्त्ēरन् तथा तत्र वर्तेथाः अथ अभ्याख्यातेषु ये तत्र ब्राह्मणाः संमर्शिनः युक्ताः अयुक्ताः अलूक्षाः धर्मकामाः स्युः यथा ते तेषु वर्त्ēरन् तथा तेषु वर्तेथाः एषः आदेशः एषः उपदेशः एषा वेदोपनिषत् एतत् अनुशासनम् एवम् उपासितव्यम् एवम् उ च एतत् उपास्यम्
vedam anūcya ācāryaḥ antevāsinam anuśāsti satyam vada dharmam cara svādhyāyāt mā pramadaḥ ācāryāya priyam dhanam āhṛtya prajātantuṃ mā vyavacchetsīḥ satyāt na pramaditavyam dharmāt na pramaditavyam kuśalāt na pramaditavyam bhūtyai na pramaditavyam svādhyāyapravacanābhyām na pramaditavyam devapitṛkāryābhyām na pramaditavyam mātṛdevaḥ bhava pitṛdevaḥ bhava ācāryadevaḥ bhava atithidevaḥ bhava yāni anavadyāni karmāṇi tāni sevitavyāni na itarāṇi yāni asmākam sucaritāni tāni tvayā upāsyāni na itarāṇi ye ke ca asmat śreyāṃsaḥ brāhmaṇāḥ teṣām tvayā āsanena praśvasitavyam śraddhayā deyam aśraddhayā adeyam śriyā deyam hriyā deyam bhiyā deyam saṃvidā deyam atha yadi te karmavicikitsā vā vṛttavicikitsā vā syāt ye tatra brāhmaṇāḥ saṃmarśinaḥ yuktāḥ ayuktāḥ alūkṣāḥ dharmakāmāḥ syuḥ yathā te tatra vartēran tathā tatra vartethāḥ atha abhyākhyāteṣu ye tatra brāhmaṇāḥ saṃmarśinaḥ yuktāḥ ayuktāḥ alūkṣāḥ dharmakāmāḥ syuḥ yathā te teṣu vartēran tathā teṣu vartethāḥ eṣaḥ ādeśaḥ eṣaḥ upadeśaḥ eṣā vedopaniṣat etat anuśāsanam evam upāsitavyam evam u ca etat upāsyam
Having taught the Veda, the teacher instructs his pupil: "Speak the truth. Follow dharma. Do not neglect study. Having brought the teacher a pleasing gift, do not cut off the thread of offspring. From truth one must not swerve, from dharma one must not swerve, from what is wholesome one must not swerve, from prosperity one must not swerve, from study and teaching one must not swerve, from the duties to gods and forefathers one must not swerve. Let your mother be a god to you. Let your father be a god to you. Let your teacher be a god to you. Let a guest be a god to you. Do those deeds that are blameless — and no others. Hold to what is good in our conduct — and to nothing else. To those brāhmaṇas who are better than we are, give rest with a seat. What is given is to be given with faith; without faith it is not to be given. Give with dignity, give with modesty, give with awe, give with understanding. And if a doubt arises in you about a deed or about conduct — as the brāhmaṇas there act who are judicious, practised, independent, gentle, lovers of dharma, so act you there also. And with those who are accused — as the brāhmaṇas there act who are judicious, practised, independent, gentle, lovers of dharma, so act you towards them. This is the direction. This is the instruction. This is the secret teaching of the Veda. This is the injunction. Thus it is to be honoured, and thus it is to be observed."
95d2eaf14182 · publicado 26 jul 2026, 19:50:25 UTC
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The farewell to the graduate — humanity's oldest commencement address, and still unsurpassed. Its first words became the formula of all Indian ethics: satyaṁ vada dharmaṁ cara — "speak the truth, follow dharma". Then a sixfold na pramaditavyam — "one must not swerve" (literally "one must not be remiss" — in truth, dharma, welfare, prosperity (!), study, the duties to gods and forefathers): the Upaniṣad is not ascetic in the narrow sense: kuśala and bhūti — welfare and abundance — stand in the same row as truth: the graduate is enjoined not to flee from life but to take all of life together.
mātṛ-devo bhava pitṛ-devo bhava ācārya-devo bhava atithi-devo bhava — "let mother, father, teacher and guest be gods to you": four mortal faces of the Divine, given to everyone before any temple: reverence begins at home. Then the science of giving: give with faith, with dignity, with modesty, with awe, with understanding: five qualities of a single gesture (the Gītā 17.20 will repeat it: a gift given "in the right place to the right person, without expectation of return").
And wisest of all, for cases of doubt: act as those "brāhmaṇas act who are judicious, practised, independent (ayuktāḥ — bound by nobody's interest), gentle (alūkṣāḥ — not hard-hearted!), lovers of dharma": a living example of good people instead of a dead letter. Not "here is a rule for every case" but "here are people to look at". eṣa ādeśaḥ… etad anuśāsanam — the seals of the close: this is the vedopaniṣat — "the secret of the Veda": not an esoteric doctrine but truth, dharma and reverence, bequeathed on the threshold of life.