महाभारत
Yayāti-uttara (Instruction on Gentle Speech)1.82.6–13
467 / 15823
महाभारत · 1.82.6–13
देवनागरी

अक्रोधनः क्रोधनेभ्यो विशिष्टस् ।
तथा तितिक्षुर् अतितिक्षोर् विशिष्टः ॥
अमानुषेभ्यो मानुषाश् च प्रधाना ।
विद्वांस् तथैवाविदुषः प्रधानः ॥
आक्रुश्यमानो नाक्रोशेन् मन्युर् एव तितिक्षतः ॥
आक्रोष्टारं निर्दहति सुकृतं चास्य विन्दति ॥
नारुंतुदः स्यान् न नृशंसवादी ।
न हीनतः परम् अभ्याददीत ॥
ययास्य वाचा पर उद्विजेत ।
न तां वदेद् रुशतीं पापलोक्याम् ॥
अरुंतुदं पुरुषं रूक्षवाचं ।
वाक्कण्टकैर् वितुदन्तं मनुष्यान् ॥
विद्याद् अलक्ष्मीकतमं जनानां ।
मुखे निबद्धां निरृतिं वहन्तम् ॥
सद्भिः पुरस्ताद् अभिपूजितः स्यात् ।
सद्भिस् तथा पृष्ठतो रक्षितः स्यात् ॥
सदासताम् अतिवादांस् तितिक्षेत् ।
सतां वृत्तं चाददीतार्यवृत्तः ॥
वाक्सायका वदनान् निष्पतन्ति ।
यैर् आहतः शोचति रात्र्यहानि ॥
परस्य वा मर्मसु ये पतन्ति ।
तान् पण्डितो नावसृजेत् परेषु ॥
न हीदृशं संवननं त्रिषु लोकेषु विद्यते ॥
यथा मैत्री च भूतेषु दानं च मधुरा च वाक् ॥
तस्मात् सान्त्वं सदा वाच्यं न वाच्यं परुषं क्व चित् ॥
पूज्यान् संपूजयेद् दद्यान् न च याचेत् कदा चन ॥

लिप्यंतरण (IAST)

akrodhanaḥ krodhanebhyo viśiṣṭas |
tathā titikṣur atitikṣor viśiṣṭaḥ ||
amānuṣebhyo mānuṣāś ca pradhānā |
vidvāṃs tathaivāviduṣaḥ pradhānaḥ ||
ākruśyamāno nākrośen manyur eva titikṣataḥ ||
ākroṣṭāraṃ nirdahati sukṛtaṃ cāsya vindati ||
nāruṃtudaḥ syān na nṛśaṃsavādī |
na hīnataḥ param abhyādadīta ||
yayāsya vācā para udvijeta |
na tāṃ vaded ruśatīṃ pāpalokyām ||
aruṃtudaṃ puruṣaṃ rūkṣavācaṃ |
vākkaṇṭakair vitudantaṃ manuṣyān ||
vidyād alakṣmīkatamaṃ janānāṃ |
mukhe nibaddhāṃ nirṛtiṃ vahantam ||
sadbhiḥ purastād abhipūjitaḥ syāt |
sadbhis tathā pṛṣṭhato rakṣitaḥ syāt ||
sadāsatām ativādāṃs titikṣet |
satāṃ vṛttaṃ cādadītāryavṛttaḥ ||
vāksāyakā vadanān niṣpatanti |
yair āhataḥ śocati rātryahāni ||
parasya vā marmasu ye patanti |
tān paṇḍito nāvasṛjet pareṣu ||
na hīdṛśaṃ saṃvananaṃ triṣu lokeṣu vidyate ||
yathā maitrī ca bhūteṣu dānaṃ ca madhurā ca vāk ||
tasmāt sāntvaṃ sadā vācyaṃ na vācyaṃ paruṣaṃ kva cit ||
pūjyān saṃpūjayed dadyān na ca yācet kadā cana ||

शब्दशः अर्थ
संस्कृतIASTअर्थ
अक्रोधनः क्रोधनेभ्यः विशिष्टः तितिक्षुः अतितिक्षोः विशिष्टः मानुषाः अमानुषेभ्यः प्रधानाः विद्वान् अविदुषः प्रधानःakrodhanaḥ krodhanebhyaḥ viśiṣṭaḥ titikṣuḥ atitikṣoḥ viśiṣṭaḥ mānuṣāḥ amānuṣebhyaḥ pradhānāḥ vidvān aviduṣaḥ pradhānaḥthe wrathless is superior to the wrathful; likewise the forbearing is superior to the unforbearing; humans are superior to non-humans, and the learned is likewise superior to the unlearned
आक्रुश्यमानः न आक्रोशेत् तितिक्षतः मन्युः एव आक्रोष्टारं निर्दहति अस्य सुकृतं च विन्दतिākruśyamānaḥ na ākrośet titikṣataḥ manyuḥ eva ākroṣṭāraṃ nirdahati asya sukṛtaṃ ca vindatilet one who is reviled not revile [in return]; [restrained] wrath alone burns the reviler of the forbearing one, and takes away his merit
न अरुंतुदः स्यात् न नृशंसवादी न हीनतः परं अभ्याददीत यया वाचा परः उद्विजेत तां रुशतीं पापलोक्यां न वदेत्na aruṃtudaḥ syāt na nṛśaṃsavādī na hīnataḥ paraṃ abhyādadīta yayā vācā paraḥ udvijeta tāṃ ruśatīṃ pāpalokyāṃ na vadetlet him not be one who wounds [to the quick], nor speak cruelly; let him not put down another with base [words]; let him not utter that speech — harsh, [leading] to evil worlds — at which another would shudder
रूक्षवाचं वाक्कण्टकैः मनुष्यान् वितुदन्तं अरुंतुदं पुरुषं जनानां अलक्ष्मीकतमं मुखे निबद्धां निरृतिं वहन्तं विद्यात्rūkṣavācaṃ vākkaṇṭakaiḥ manuṣyān vitudantaṃ aruṃtudaṃ puruṣaṃ janānāṃ alakṣmīkatamaṃ mukhe nibaddhāṃ nirṛtiṃ vahantaṃ vidyātlet them know the harsh-speaking man, who wounds people with the thorns of words, who wounds [to the quick], as the most ill-fated of men, bearing in his mouth a bound Nirriti (destruction)
आर्यवृत्तः सद्भिः पुरस्तात् अभिपूजितः स्यात् सद्भिः पृष्ठतः रक्षितः स्यात् सत्-असतां अतिवादान् तितिक्षेत् सतां वृत्तं च आददीतāryavṛttaḥ sadbhiḥ purastāt abhipūjitaḥ syāt sadbhiḥ pṛṣṭhataḥ rakṣitaḥ syāt sat-asatāṃ ativādān titikṣet satāṃ vṛttaṃ ca ādadīta[a man] of noble conduct should be honored by the good in front of him and protected by the good behind him; let him endure the excessive words of both good and wicked [alike], and adopt the conduct of the good
वाक्सायकाः वदनात् निष्पतन्ति यैः आहतः रात्र्यहानि शोचति ये परस्य मर्मसु पतन्ति तान् पण्डितः परेषु न अवसृजेत्vāksāyakāḥ vadanāt niṣpatanti yaiḥ āhataḥ rātryahāni śocati ye parasya marmasu patanti tān paṇḍitaḥ pareṣu na avasṛjetword-arrows fly forth from the mouth; one struck by them grieves day and night; those [arrows] that strike at another's vital points — the wise man should not loose them upon others
त्रिषु लोकेषु ईदृशं संवननं न विद्यते यथा भूतेषु मैत्री दानं च मधुरा वाक् चtriṣu lokeṣu īdṛśaṃ saṃvananaṃ na vidyate yathā bhūteṣu maitrī dānaṃ ca madhurā vāk cain the three worlds there is no such [means of] winning hearts as friendliness toward beings, giving, and sweet speech
तस्मात् सदा सान्त्वं वाच्यं परुषं क्व चित् न वाच्यं पूज्यान् संपूजयेत् दद्यात् न च कदाचन याचेत्tasmāt sadā sāntvaṃ vācyaṃ paruṣaṃ kva cit na vācyaṃ pūjyān saṃpūjayet dadyāt na ca kadācana yācettherefore one should always speak gently; harsh [speech] should never be spoken; let him honor those worthy of honor, let him give, and never himself beg
क्रोधनेभ्योkrodhanebhyooriginal form "krodhanebhyo", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
विशिष्टस्viśiṣṭasoriginal form "viśiṣṭas", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
तथाtathāoriginal form "tathā", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
तितिक्षुर्titikṣuroriginal form "titikṣur", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
अतितिक्षोर्atitikṣororiginal form "atitikṣor", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
अमानुषेभ्योamānuṣebhyooriginal form "amānuṣebhyo", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
मानुषाश्mānuṣāśoriginal form "mānuṣāś", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
प्रधानाpradhānāoriginal form "pradhānā", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
विद्वांस्vidvāṃsoriginal form "vidvāṃs", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
तथैवाविदुषःtathaivāviduṣaḥoriginal form "tathaivāviduṣaḥ", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
आक्रुश्यमानोākruśyamānooriginal form "ākruśyamāno", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
नाक्रोशेन्nākrośenoriginal form "nākrośen", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
मन्युर्manyuroriginal form "manyur", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
चास्यcāsyaoriginal form "cāsya", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
नारुंतुदःnāruṃtudaḥoriginal form "nāruṃtudaḥ", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
स्यान्syānoriginal form "syān", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
परम्paramoriginal form "param", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
ययास्यyayāsyaoriginal form "yayāsya", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
परparaoriginal form "para", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
वदेद्vadedoriginal form "vaded", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
पापलोक्याम्pāpalokyāmoriginal form "pāpalokyām", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
वाक्कण्टकैर्vākkaṇṭakairoriginal form "vākkaṇṭakair", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
विद्याद्vidyādoriginal form "vidyād", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
वहन्तम्vahantamoriginal form "vahantam", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
पुरस्ताद्purastādoriginal form "purastād", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
सद्भिस्sadbhisoriginal form "sadbhis", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
तथाtathāoriginal form "tathā", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
पृष्ठतोpṛṣṭhatooriginal form "pṛṣṭhato", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
सदासताम्sadāsatāmoriginal form "sadāsatām", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
अतिवादांस्ativādāṃsoriginal form "ativādāṃs", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
चाददीतार्यवृत्तःcādadītāryavṛttaḥoriginal form "cādadītāryavṛttaḥ", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
वाक्सायकाvāksāyakāoriginal form "vāksāyakā", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
वदनान्vadanānoriginal form "vadanān", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
यैर्yairoriginal form "yair", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
वाoriginal form "vā", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
पण्डितोpaṇḍitooriginal form "paṇḍito", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
नावसृजेत्nāvasṛjetoriginal form "nāvasṛjet", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
हीदृशंhīdṛśaṃoriginal form "hīdṛśaṃ", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
संपूजयेद्saṃpūjayedoriginal form "saṃpūjayed", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
दद्यान्dadyānoriginal form "dadyān", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
कदाkadāoriginal form "kadā", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
चनcanaoriginal form "cana", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
अनुवाद

'The wrathless is superior to the wrathful; the forbearing is superior to the unforbearing; humans are superior to non-humans, and the learned is superior to the unlearned. Let one who is reviled not revile in return; the restrained wrath of the forbearing man burns the reviler himself and takes away his merit. Let him not be one who wounds to the quick, nor cruel of speech; let him not put another down with base words; let him not utter that harsh speech, leading to evil worlds, at which another would shudder. Know the harsh-speaking man, who wounds people with the thorns of his words, wounding to the quick, as the most ill-fated of men, bearing in his mouth a bound Nirriti [destruction]. Let a man of noble conduct be honored by the good before him and guarded by the good behind him; let him endure the excessive words of both the good and the wicked alike, and adopt the ways of the good. Word-arrows fly forth from the mouth; one struck by them grieves day and night; those arrows that strike at another's vital points — the wise man should never loose them upon others. In the three worlds there is no means of winning hearts like friendliness toward all beings, giving, and sweet speech. Therefore one should always speak gently, and never speak harshly; let him honor those worthy of honor, let him give, and never himself beg.'

संस्करण

8596571b969a · प्रकाशित 12 जुल॰ 2026, 4:06:49 pm UTC

उपलब्ध भाषाएँRUEN

श्लोक बदलें इन कुंजियों से