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उपनिषद् · Gāruḍa 1.3
॥
देवनागरी
पद्मो दक्षिणकर्णे तु महापद्मस्तु वामके । शङ्खः शिरःप्रदेशे तु गुलिकस्तु भुजान्तरे
लिप्यंतरण (IAST)
padmo dakṣiṇakarṇe tu mahāpadmastu vāmake | śaṅkhaḥ śiraḥpradeśe tu gulikastu bhujāntare
शब्दशः अर्थ
संस्कृतIASTअर्थ
पद्मः दक्षिण-कर्णे तुpadmaḥ dakṣiṇa-karṇe tuPadma is in the right ear
महा-पद्मः तु वामकेmahā-padmaḥ tu vāmakeMahāpadma, however, is in the left
शङ्खः शिरः-प्रदेशे तुśaṅkhaḥ śiraḥ-pradeśe tuŚaṅkha is on the region of the head
गुलिकः तु भुज-अन्तरेgulikaḥ tu bhuja-antareGulika, however, is between the shoulders
अनुवाद
«Padma is in the right ear, Mahāpadma in the left, Śaṅkha on the region of the head, Gulika between the shoulders».
संस्करण
de235e85296b · प्रकाशित 12 अग॰ 2026, 5:00:00 am UTC
उपलब्ध भाषाएँRUENश्लोक बदलें इन कुंजियों से
The list continues, naming four more of the eight great nāgas. The list of eight, in the purāṇas, usually runs: Ananta, Vāsuki, Takṣaka, Kārkoṭaka, Padma, Mahāpadma, Śaṅkha, and Kulika; and here it is reproduced almost exactly. Note that the names of the last three are names of treasures: padma, mahāpadma, and śaṅkha mean “lotus,” “great lotus,” and “conch,” and these are the names of the eight nidhis, “treasures,” of Kubera.
The combination of serpents and treasures is constant in Indian usage and is simply explained: serpents guard treasure; and anyone who has dug in an old place knew that a serpent lived there. Hence the nāgas, in this literature, are at once a danger and a riches; and both senses are present in this book. Let us add what deserves saying about the very custom of hanging serpents about the body, for Śiva has it too.
Śiva wears serpents on his neck and arms, discussed reading the Śaiva books of this collection. The difference is that with Śiva the serpents are companions, while with Garuḍa they are captives; and the same image means different things for the two. The Vaiṣṇava side points to this as a general rule for reading images: an object on a deity's body denotes a relation, and that relation must be known from the story, not guessed from appearance.