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摩诃婆罗多
Bhīmasena-vākya-parva (Bhima Demands Action)3.34.43-59
2927 / 15823
摩诃婆罗多 · 3.34.43-59
॥
天城文

तद् वाशु क्रियतां राजन् प्राप्तिर् वाप्य् अधिगम्यताम् ॥
जीवितं ह्य् आतुरस्येव दुःखम् अन्तरवर्तिनः ॥
विदितश् चैव ते धर्मः सततं चरितश् च ते ॥
जानते त्वयि शंसन्ति सुहृदः कर्मचोदनाम् ॥
दानं यज्ञः सतां पूजा वेदधारणम् आर्जवम् ॥
एष धर्मः परो राजन् फलवान् प्रेत्य चेह च ॥
एष नार्थविहीनेन शक्यो राजन् निषेवितुम् ॥
अखिलाः पुरुषव्याघ्र गुणाः स्युर् यद्य् अपीतरे ॥
धर्ममूलं जगद् राजन् नान्यद् धर्माद् विशिष्यते ॥
धर्मश् चार्थेन महता शक्यो राजन् निषेवितुम् ॥
न चार्थो भैक्षचर्येण नापि क्लैब्येन कर्हि चित् ॥
वेत्तुं शक्यः सदा राजन् केवलं धर्मबुद्धिना ॥
प्रतिषिद्धा हि ते याच्ञा यया सिध्यति वै द्विजः ॥
तेजसैवार्थलिप्सायां यतस्व पुरुषर्षभ ॥
भैक्षचर्या न विहिता न च विट्शूद्रजीविका ॥
क्षत्रियस्य विशेषेण धर्मस् तु बलम् औरसम् ॥
उदारम् एव विद्वांसो धर्मं प्राहुर् मनीषिणः ॥
उदारं प्रतिपद्यस्व नावरे स्थातुम् अर्हसि ॥
अनुबुध्यस्व राजेन्द्र वेत्थ धर्मान् सनातनान् ॥
क्रूरकर्माभिजातो ऽसि यस्माद् उद्विजते जनः ॥
प्रजापालनसंभूतं फलं तव न गर्हितम् ॥
एष ते विहितो राजन् धात्रा धर्मः सनातनः ॥
तस्माद् विचलितः पार्थ लोके हास्यं गमिष्यसि ॥
स्वधर्माद् धि मनुष्याणां चलनं न प्रशस्यते ॥
स क्षात्रं हृदयं कृत्वा त्यक्त्वेदं शिथिलं मनः ॥
वीर्यम् आस्थाय कौन्तेय धुरम् उद्वह धुर्यवत् ॥
न हि केवलधर्मात्मा पृथिवीं जातु कश् चन ॥
पार्थिवो व्यजयद् राजन् न भूतिं न पुनः श्रियम् ॥
जिह्वां दत्त्वा बहूनां हि क्षुद्राणां लुब्धचेतसाम् ॥
निकृत्या लभते राज्यम् आहारम् इव शल्यकः ॥
भ्रातरः पूर्वजाताश् च सुसमृद्धाश् च सर्वशः ॥
निकृत्या निर्जिता देवैर् असुराः पाण्डवर्षभ ॥
एवं बलवतः सर्वम् इति बुद्ध्वा महीपते ॥
जहि शत्रून् महाबाहो परां निकृतिम् आस्थितः ॥

转写 (IAST)

tad vāśu kriyatāṃ rājan prāptir vāpy adhigamyatām ||
jīvitaṃ hy āturasyeva duḥkham antaravartinaḥ ||
viditaś caiva te dharmaḥ satataṃ caritaś ca te ||
jānate tvayi śaṃsanti suhṛdaḥ karmacodanām ||
dānaṃ yajñaḥ satāṃ pūjā vedadhāraṇam ārjavam ||
eṣa dharmaḥ paro rājan phalavān pretya ceha ca ||
eṣa nārthavihīnena śakyo rājan niṣevitum ||
akhilāḥ puruṣavyāghra guṇāḥ syur yady apītare ||
dharmamūlaṃ jagad rājan nānyad dharmād viśiṣyate ||
dharmaś cārthena mahatā śakyo rājan niṣevitum ||
na cārtho bhaikṣacaryeṇa nāpi klaibyena karhi cit ||
vettuṃ śakyaḥ sadā rājan kevalaṃ dharmabuddhinā ||
pratiṣiddhā hi te yācñā yayā sidhyati vai dvijaḥ ||
tejasaivārthalipsāyāṃ yatasva puruṣarṣabha ||
bhaikṣacaryā na vihitā na ca viṭśūdrajīvikā ||
kṣatriyasya viśeṣeṇa dharmas tu balam aurasam ||
udāram eva vidvāṃso dharmaṃ prāhur manīṣiṇaḥ ||
udāraṃ pratipadyasva nāvare sthātum arhasi ||
anubudhyasva rājendra vettha dharmān sanātanān ||
krūrakarmābhijāto 'si yasmād udvijate janaḥ ||
prajāpālanasaṃbhūtaṃ phalaṃ tava na garhitam ||
eṣa te vihito rājan dhātrā dharmaḥ sanātanaḥ ||
tasmād vicalitaḥ pārtha loke hāsyaṃ gamiṣyasi ||
svadharmād dhi manuṣyāṇāṃ calanaṃ na praśasyate ||
sa kṣātraṃ hṛdayaṃ kṛtvā tyaktvedaṃ śithilaṃ manaḥ ||
vīryam āsthāya kaunteya dhuram udvaha dhuryavat ||
na hi kevaladharmātmā pṛthivīṃ jātu kaś cana ||
pārthivo vyajayad rājan na bhūtiṃ na punaḥ śriyam ||
jihvāṃ dattvā bahūnāṃ hi kṣudrāṇāṃ lubdhacetasām ||
nikṛtyā labhate rājyam āhāram iva śalyakaḥ ||
bhrātaraḥ pūrvajātāś ca susamṛddhāś ca sarvaśaḥ ||
nikṛtyā nirjitā devair asurāḥ pāṇḍavarṣabha ||
evaṃ balavataḥ sarvam iti buddhvā mahīpate ||
jahi śatrūn mahābāho parāṃ nikṛtim āsthitaḥ ||

逐字释义
梵语IAST释义
तत् वा आशु क्रियताम् राजन् प्राप्तिः वा अपि अधिगम्यताम् जीवितम् हि आतुरस्य इव दुःखम् अन्तरवर्तिनःtat vā āśu kriyatām rājan prāptiḥ vā api adhigamyatām jīvitam hi āturasya iva duḥkham antaravartinaḥdo this quickly, o king, or else attain your goal; for life in between is painful, like the life of a sick man
विदितः च एव ते धर्मः सततम् चरितः च ते जानते त्वयि शंसन्ति सुहृदः कर्मचोदनाम्viditaḥ ca eva te dharmaḥ satatam caritaḥ ca te jānate tvayi śaṃsanti suhṛdaḥ karmacodanāmyour dharma is known to you and has always been practiced by you; knowing this in you, your friends urge you to action
दानम् यज्ञः सताम् पूजा वेदधारणम् आर्जवम् एष धर्मः परः राजन् फलवान् प्रेत्य च इह चdānam yajñaḥ satām pūjā vedadhāraṇam ārjavam eṣa dharmaḥ paraḥ rājan phalavān pretya ca iha cagiving, sacrifice, honoring the good, guarding the Veda, and uprightness — this is the highest dharma, fruitful both here and after death
एष न अर्थविहीनेन शक्यः राजन् निषेवितुम् अखिलाः पुरुषव्याघ्र गुणाः स्युः यदि अपि इतरेeṣa na arthavihīnena śakyaḥ rājan niṣevitum akhilāḥ puruṣavyāghra guṇāḥ syuḥ yadi api itarebut this cannot be practiced by one without means, o king, even if all other virtues are complete, o tiger among men
धर्ममूलम् जगत् राजन् न अन्यत् धर्मात् विशिष्यते धर्मः च अर्थेन महता शक्यः राजन् निषेवितुम्dharmamūlam jagat rājan na anyat dharmāt viśiṣyate dharmaḥ ca arthena mahatā śakyaḥ rājan niṣevitumthe world is rooted in dharma, o king, and nothing surpasses dharma; but dharma can be served well with great wealth
न च अर्थः भैक्षचर्येण न अपि क्लैब्येन कर्हि चित् वेत्तुम् शक्यः सदा राजन् केवलम् धर्मबुद्धिनाna ca arthaḥ bhaikṣacaryeṇa na api klaibyena karhi cit vettum śakyaḥ sadā rājan kevalam dharmabuddhināand profit can never be attained by begging, nor by impotence, o king, nor ever by a mind fixed on dharma alone
प्रतिषिद्धा हि ते याच्ञा यया सिध्यति वै द्विजः तेजसा एव अर्थलिप्सायाम् यतस्व पुरुषर्षभpratiṣiddhā hi te yācñā yayā sidhyati vai dvijaḥ tejasā eva arthalipsāyām yatasva puruṣarṣabhathe begging by which a brahmin succeeds is forbidden to you; strive for profit by valor alone, o bull among men
भैक्षचर्या न विहिता न च विट्शूद्रजीविका क्षत्रियस्य विशेषेण धर्मः तु बलम् औरसम्bhaikṣacaryā na vihitā na ca viṭśūdrajīvikā kṣatriyasya viśeṣeṇa dharmaḥ tu balam aurasambegging is not enjoined, nor the livelihood of a vaishya or shudra, especially for a kshatriya; his dharma is strength born in the breast
उदारम् एव विद्वांसः धर्मम् प्राहुः मनीषिणः उदारम् प्रतिपद्यस्व न अवरे स्थातुम् अर्हसिudāram eva vidvāṃsaḥ dharmam prāhuḥ manīṣiṇaḥ udāram pratipadyasva na avare sthātum arhasithe wise, the learned, call dharma noble and generous; embrace the noble, you must not remain in the lowly
अनुबुध्यस्व राजेन्द्र वेत्थ धर्मान् सनातनान् क्रूरकर्म अभिजातः असि यस्मात् उद्विजते जनःanubudhyasva rājendra vettha dharmān sanātanān krūrakarma abhijātaḥ asi yasmāt udvijate janaḥawaken, o lord of kings; you know the eternal dharmas; you are born for fierce deeds, before which people tremble
प्रजापालनसंभूतम् फलम् तव न गर्हितम् एष ते विहितः राजन् धात्रा धर्मः सनातनःprajāpālanasaṃbhūtam phalam tava na garhitam eṣa te vihitaḥ rājan dhātrā dharmaḥ sanātanaḥthe fruit born of protecting your subjects is not blameworthy for you; this is your eternal dharma, appointed for you by the Creator, o king
तस्मात् विचलितः पार्थ लोके हास्यम् गमिष्यसि स्वधर्मात् हि मनुष्याणाम् चलनम् न प्रशस्यतेtasmāt vicalitaḥ pārtha loke hāsyam gamiṣyasi svadharmāt hi manuṣyāṇām calanam na praśasyatehaving strayed from it, o son of Pritha, you will become a laughingstock in the world; departure of men from their own dharma is never praised
स क्षात्रम् हृदयम् कृत्वा त्यक्त्वा इदम् शिथिलम् मनः वीर्यम् आस्थाय कौन्तेय धुरम् उद्वह धुर्यवत्sa kṣātram hṛdayam kṛtvā tyaktvā idam śithilam manaḥ vīryam āsthāya kaunteya dhuram udvaha dhuryavatmake your heart that of a kshatriya, cast off this weak mind, and, relying on courage, o Kaunteya, bear the yoke like a leader of the herd
न हि केवलधर्मात्मा पृथिवीम् जातु कः चन पार्थिवः व्यजयत् राजन् न भूतिम् न पुनः श्रियम्na hi kevaladharmātmā pṛthivīm jātu kaḥ cana pārthivaḥ vyajayat rājan na bhūtim na punaḥ śriyamfor never has any king whose self consists only of dharma conquered the earth, o king, nor prosperity, nor royal fortune
जिह्वाम् दत्त्वा बहूनाम् हि क्षुद्राणाम् लुब्धचेतसाम् निकृत्या लभते राज्यम् आहारम् इव शल्यकःjihvām dattvā bahūnām hi kṣudrāṇām lubdhacetasām nikṛtyā labhate rājyam āhāram iva śalyakaḥgiving his tongue to many base and greedy men, a man obtains a kingdom by trickery, as a porcupine obtains its food
भ्रातरः पूर्वजाताः च सुसमृद्धाः च सर्वशः निकृत्या निर्जिता देवैः असुराः पाण्डवर्षभbhrātaraḥ pūrvajātāḥ ca susamṛddhāḥ ca sarvaśaḥ nikṛtyā nirjitā devaiḥ asurāḥ pāṇḍavarṣabhaeven elder brothers, the asuras, prosperous in every way, were conquered by the gods through trickery, o bull of the Pandavas
एवम् बलवतः सर्वम् इति बुद्ध्वा महीपते जहि शत्रून् महाबाहो पराम् निकृतिम् आस्थितःevam balavataḥ sarvam iti buddhvā mahīpate jahi śatrūn mahābāho parām nikṛtim āsthitaḥunderstanding thus that everything belongs to the strong, o lord of the earth, slay your enemies, o mighty-armed one, resorting to the highest cunning
तद्tadoriginal form "tad", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
वाशुvāśuoriginal form "vāśu", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
क्रियतांkriyatāṃoriginal form "kriyatāṃ", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
प्राप्तिर्prāptiroriginal form "prāptir", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
वाप्य्vāpyoriginal form "vāpy", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
जीवितंjīvitaṃoriginal form "jīvitaṃ", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
ह्य्hyoriginal form "hy", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
आतुरस्येवāturasyevaoriginal form "āturasyeva", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
विदितश्viditaśoriginal form "viditaś", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
चैवcaivaoriginal form "caiva", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
सततंsatataṃoriginal form "satataṃ", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
चरितश्caritaśoriginal form "caritaś", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
दानंdānaṃoriginal form "dānaṃ", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
सतांsatāṃoriginal form "satāṃ", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
परोparooriginal form "paro", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
चेहcehaoriginal form "ceha", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
नार्थविहीनेनnārthavihīnenaoriginal form "nārthavihīnena", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
शक्योśakyooriginal form "śakyo", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
स्युर्syuroriginal form "syur", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
यद्य्yadyoriginal form "yady", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
अपीतरेapītareoriginal form "apītare", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
धर्ममूलंdharmamūlaṃoriginal form "dharmamūlaṃ", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
जगद्jagadoriginal form "jagad", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
नान्यद्nānyadoriginal form "nānyad", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
धर्माद्dharmādoriginal form "dharmād", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
धर्मश्dharmaśoriginal form "dharmaś", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
चार्थेनcārthenaoriginal form "cārthena", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
शक्योśakyooriginal form "śakyo", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
चार्थोcārthooriginal form "cārtho", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
नापिnāpioriginal form "nāpi", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
वेत्तुंvettuṃoriginal form "vettuṃ", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
केवलंkevalaṃoriginal form "kevalaṃ", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
तेजसैवार्थलिप्सायांtejasaivārthalipsāyāṃoriginal form "tejasaivārthalipsāyāṃ", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
धर्मस्dharmasoriginal form "dharmas", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
विद्वांसोvidvāṃsooriginal form "vidvāṃso", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
धर्मंdharmaṃoriginal form "dharmaṃ", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
प्राहुर्prāhuroriginal form "prāhur", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
उदारंudāraṃoriginal form "udāraṃ", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
नावरेnāvareoriginal form "nāvare", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
क्रूरकर्माभिजातोkrūrakarmābhijātooriginal form "krūrakarmābhijāto", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
ऽसि'sioriginal form "'si", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
यस्माद्yasmādoriginal form "yasmād", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
प्रजापालनसंभूतंprajāpālanasaṃbhūtaṃoriginal form "prajāpālanasaṃbhūtaṃ", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
फलंphalaṃoriginal form "phalaṃ", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
विहितोvihitooriginal form "vihito", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
तस्माद्tasmādoriginal form "tasmād", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
हास्यंhāsyaṃoriginal form "hāsyaṃ", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
स्वधर्माद्svadharmādoriginal form "svadharmād", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
धिdhioriginal form "dhi", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
मनुष्याणांmanuṣyāṇāṃoriginal form "manuṣyāṇāṃ", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
चलनंcalanaṃoriginal form "calanaṃ", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
क्षात्रंkṣātraṃoriginal form "kṣātraṃ", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
हृदयंhṛdayaṃoriginal form "hṛdayaṃ", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
त्यक्त्वेदंtyaktvedaṃoriginal form "tyaktvedaṃ", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
शिथिलंśithilaṃoriginal form "śithilaṃ", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
पृथिवींpṛthivīṃoriginal form "pṛthivīṃ", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
कश्kaśoriginal form "kaś", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
पार्थिवोpārthivooriginal form "pārthivo", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
व्यजयद्vyajayadoriginal form "vyajayad", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
भूतिंbhūtiṃoriginal form "bhūtiṃ", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
जिह्वांjihvāṃoriginal form "jihvāṃ", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
बहूनांbahūnāṃoriginal form "bahūnāṃ", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
क्षुद्राणांkṣudrāṇāṃoriginal form "kṣudrāṇāṃ", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
पूर्वजाताश्pūrvajātāśoriginal form "pūrvajātāś", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
सुसमृद्धाश्susamṛddhāśoriginal form "susamṛddhāś", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
देवैर्devairoriginal form "devair", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
एवंevaṃoriginal form "evaṃ", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
परांparāṃoriginal form "parāṃ", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
译文

"Act swiftly: life between resolve and its goal is as tormenting as the life of a sick man. You know dharma, you have always practiced it; that is why your friends call you to action. Giving, sacrifice, honoring the good, guarding the Veda, and uprightness are the highest dharma, but without means it cannot be fulfilled. A kshatriya is not enjoined to live by alms, like a brahmin, or by the livelihood of a vaishya or shudra; his dharma is strength born in the breast. You know the eternal law: the protection of subjects is your dharma, appointed by the Creator. Do not depart from it — make your heart that of a kshatriya, and bear the yoke like a leader of the herd. By dharma alone, without strength, kings do not conquer the earth. Even the asuras were vanquished by the gods through cunning; understand that strength must act, and crush the enemy."

版本

43fba8a0cc05 · 发布于 2026年7月16日 16:58:02 UTC

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