摩诃婆罗多
Saṃbhava-parva (śakuntalā-vākya) (Śakuntalā's Speech)1.68.36–46
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摩诃婆罗多 · 1.68.36–46
天城文

भार्यां पतिः संप्रविश्य स यस्माज् जायते पुनः ॥
जायाया इति जायात्वं पुराणाः कवयो विदुः ॥
यद् आगमवतः पुंसस् तद् अपत्यं प्रजायते ॥
तत् तारयति संतत्या पूर्वप्रेतान् पितामहान् ॥
पुन् नाम्नो नरकाद् यस्मात् पितरं त्रायते सुतः ॥
तस्मात् पुत्र इति प्रोक्तः स्वयम् एव स्वयम्भुवा ॥
सा भार्या या गृहे दक्षा सा भार्या या प्रजावती ॥
सा भार्या या पतिप्राणा सा भार्या या पतिव्रता ॥
अर्धं भार्या मनुष्यस्य भार्या श्रेष्ठतमः सखा ॥
भार्या मूलं त्रिवर्गस्य भार्या मित्रं मरिष्यतः ॥
भार्यावन्तः क्रियावन्तः सभार्या गृहमेधिनः ॥
भार्यावन्तः प्रमोदन्ते भार्यावन्तः श्रियान्विताः ॥
सखायः प्रविविक्तेषु भवन्त्य् एताः प्रियंवदाः ॥
पितरो धर्मकार्येषु भवन्त्य् आर्तस्य मातरः ॥
कान्तारेष्व् अपि विश्रामो नरस्याध्वनिकस्य वै ॥
यः सदारः स विश्वास्यस् तस्माद् दाराः परा गतिः ॥
संसरन्तम् अपि प्रेतं विषमेष्व् एकपातिनम् ॥
भार्यैवान्वेति भर्तारं सततं या पतिव्रता ॥
प्रथमं संस्थिता भार्या पतिं प्रेत्य प्रतीक्षते ॥
पूर्वं मृतं च भर्तारं पश्चात् साध्व्य् अनुगच्छति ॥
एतस्मात् कारणाद् राजन् पाणिग्रहणम् इष्यते ॥
यद् आप्नोति पतिर् भार्याम् इह लोके परत्र च ॥

转写 (IAST)

bhāryāṃ patiḥ saṃpraviśya sa yasmāj jāyate punaḥ ||
jāyāyā iti jāyātvaṃ purāṇāḥ kavayo viduḥ ||
yad āgamavataḥ puṃsas tad apatyaṃ prajāyate ||
tat tārayati saṃtatyā pūrvapretān pitāmahān ||
pun nāmno narakād yasmāt pitaraṃ trāyate sutaḥ ||
tasmāt putra iti proktaḥ svayam eva svayambhuvā ||
sā bhāryā yā gṛhe dakṣā sā bhāryā yā prajāvatī ||
sā bhāryā yā patiprāṇā sā bhāryā yā pativratā ||
ardhaṃ bhāryā manuṣyasya bhāryā śreṣṭhatamaḥ sakhā ||
bhāryā mūlaṃ trivargasya bhāryā mitraṃ mariṣyataḥ ||
bhāryāvantaḥ kriyāvantaḥ sabhāryā gṛhamedhinaḥ ||
bhāryāvantaḥ pramodante bhāryāvantaḥ śriyānvitāḥ ||
sakhāyaḥ pravivikteṣu bhavanty etāḥ priyaṃvadāḥ ||
pitaro dharmakāryeṣu bhavanty ārtasya mātaraḥ ||
kāntāreṣv api viśrāmo narasyādhvanikasya vai ||
yaḥ sadāraḥ sa viśvāsyas tasmād dārāḥ parā gatiḥ ||
saṃsarantam api pretaṃ viṣameṣv ekapātinam ||
bhāryaivānveti bhartāraṃ satataṃ yā pativratā ||
prathamaṃ saṃsthitā bhāryā patiṃ pretya pratīkṣate ||
pūrvaṃ mṛtaṃ ca bhartāraṃ paścāt sādhvy anugacchati ||
etasmāt kāraṇād rājan pāṇigrahaṇam iṣyate ||
yad āpnoti patir bhāryām iha loke paratra ca ||

逐字释义
梵语IAST释义
यदि मे याचमानायाः वचनं न करिष्यसि दुःषन्त ततः अद्य ते मूर्धा शतधा फलिष्यतिyadi me yācamānāyāḥ vacanaṃ na kariṣyasi duḥṣanta tataḥ adya te mūrdhā śatadhā phaliṣyatiif you do not fulfill my word, though I plead, o Duhshanta, then this very day your head will split into a hundred pieces
पतिः भार्यां संप्रविश्य यस्मात् पुनः सः जायते जायायाः जायात्वं इति पुराणाः कवयः विदुःpatiḥ bhāryāṃ saṃpraviśya yasmāt punaḥ saḥ jāyate jāyāyāḥ jāyātvaṃ iti purāṇāḥ kavayaḥ viduḥbecause a husband, entering his wife, is born again from her, as a son -- in that lies the "wifehood" (jaya) of a wife, so the ancient sage-poets have known
आगमवतः पुंसः यत् अपत्यं प्रजायते तत् संतत्या पूर्वप्रेतान् पितामहान् तारयतिāgamavataḥ puṃsaḥ yat apatyaṃ prajāyate tat saṃtatyā pūrvapretān pitāmahān tārayatithe offspring born to a husband learned in scripture saves, through the succession of the line, the ancestors who died before
यस्मात् सुतः पितरं पुम् नाम्नः नरकात् त्रायते तस्मात् स्वयम्भुवा स्वयम् एव पुत्रः इति प्रोक्तःyasmāt sutaḥ pitaraṃ pum nāmnaḥ narakāt trāyate tasmāt svayambhuvā svayam eva putraḥ iti proktaḥbecause a son saves his father from the hell called "Put" -- for that the Self-born himself has named him "putra" (son)
सा भार्या या गृहे दक्षा या प्रजावती या पतिप्राणा या पतिव्रताsā bhāryā yā gṛhe dakṣā yā prajāvatī yā patiprāṇā yā pativratāthat true wife is one who is skilled in the household, who is blessed with children, for whom her husband is life itself, who is devoted to her husband
भार्या मनुष्यस्य अर्धं भार्या श्रेष्ठतमः सखा भार्या त्रिवर्गस्य मूलं भार्या मरिष्यतः मित्रम्bhāryā manuṣyasya ardhaṃ bhāryā śreṣṭhatamaḥ sakhā bhāryā trivargasya mūlaṃ bhāryā mariṣyataḥ mitrama wife is half of a man, a wife is his best friend, a wife is the root of the three aims [dharma, artha, and kama], a wife is a friend even to the dying
भार्यावन्तः क्रियावन्तः सभार्याः गृहमेधिनः भार्यावन्तः प्रमोदन्ते भार्यावन्तः श्रियान्विताःbhāryāvantaḥ kriyāvantaḥ sabhāryāḥ gṛhamedhinaḥ bhāryāvantaḥ pramodante bhāryāvantaḥ śriyānvitāḥthose who have a wife are fit for rites; with a wife, they are true householders; those who have a wife rejoice, those who have a wife are endowed with prosperity
एताः प्रविक्त्еषु प्रियंवदाः सखायः धर्मकार्येषु पितरः आर्तस्य मातरः भवन्तिetāḥ praviktеṣu priyaṃvadāḥ sakhāyaḥ dharmakāryeṣu pitaraḥ ārtasya mātaraḥ bhavantiin solitude wives are sweet-speaking companions, in matters of dharma they are like fathers, to one in distress they are like mothers
अध्वनिकस्य नरस्य कान्तारेषु अपि विश्रामः यः सदारः सः विश्वास्यः तस्मात् दाराः परा गतिःadhvanikasya narasya kāntāreṣu api viśrāmaḥ yaḥ sadāraḥ saḥ viśvāsyaḥ tasmāt dārāḥ parā gatiḥa wife is rest for a traveler even in the wilderness; whoever has a wife is trustworthy; therefore a wife is the highest refuge
विषमेषु एकपातिनं संसरन्तं प्रेतं भर्तारं या पतिव्रता भार्या एव सततं अन्वेतिviṣameṣu ekapātinaṃ saṃsarantaṃ pretaṃ bhartāraṃ yā pativratā bhāryā eva satataṃ anvetiin misfortune, as the departed husband wanders alone through perilous paths, only the devoted wife follows him constantly
एतस्मात् कारणात् राजन् पाणिग्रहणम् इष्यते यत् पतिः भार्याम् इह लोके परत्र च आप्नोतिetasmāt kāraṇāt rājan pāṇigrahaṇam iṣyate yat patiḥ bhāryām iha loke paratra ca āpnotifor this reason, o king, marriage is desired -- that a husband obtains his wife both in this world and in the next
saoriginal form "sa", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
यस्माज्yasmājoriginal form "yasmāj", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
जायायाjāyāyāoriginal form "jāyāyā", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
कवयोkavayooriginal form "kavayo", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
यद्yadoriginal form "yad", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
पुंसस्puṃsasoriginal form "puṃsas", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
तद्tadoriginal form "tad", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
पुन्punoriginal form "pun", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
नाम्नोnāmnooriginal form "nāmno", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
नरकाद्narakādoriginal form "narakād", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
पुत्रputraoriginal form "putra", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
साoriginal form "sā", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
साoriginal form "sā", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
साoriginal form "sā", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
भार्याbhāryāoriginal form "bhāryā", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
भार्याbhāryāoriginal form "bhāryā", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
मित्रंmitraṃoriginal form "mitraṃ", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
सभार्याsabhāryāoriginal form "sabhāryā", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
प्रविविक्तेषुpravivikteṣuoriginal form "pravivikteṣu", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
भवन्त्य्bhavantyoriginal form "bhavanty", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
पितरोpitarooriginal form "pitaro", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
भवन्त्य्bhavantyoriginal form "bhavanty", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
कान्तारेष्व्kāntāreṣvoriginal form "kāntāreṣv", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
विश्रामोviśrāmooriginal form "viśrāmo", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
नरस्याध्वनिकस्यnarasyādhvanikasyaoriginal form "narasyādhvanikasya", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
वैvaioriginal form "vai", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
saoriginal form "sa", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
विश्वास्यस्viśvāsyasoriginal form "viśvāsyas", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
तस्माद्tasmādoriginal form "tasmād", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
संसरन्तम्saṃsarantamoriginal form "saṃsarantam", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
अपिapioriginal form "api", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
विषमेष्व्viṣameṣvoriginal form "viṣameṣv", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
एकपातिनम्ekapātinamoriginal form "ekapātinam", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
भार्यैवान्वेतिbhāryaivānvetioriginal form "bhāryaivānveti", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
प्रथमंprathamaṃoriginal form "prathamaṃ", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
संस्थिताsaṃsthitāoriginal form "saṃsthitā", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
भार्याbhāryāoriginal form "bhāryā", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
पतिंpatiṃoriginal form "patiṃ", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
प्रेत्यpretyaoriginal form "pretya", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
प्रतीक्षतेpratīkṣateoriginal form "pratīkṣate", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
पूर्वंpūrvaṃoriginal form "pūrvaṃ", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
मृतंmṛtaṃoriginal form "mṛtaṃ", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
भर्तारंbhartāraṃoriginal form "bhartāraṃ", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
पश्चात्paścātoriginal form "paścāt", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
साध्व्य्sādhvyoriginal form "sādhvy", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
अनुगच्छतिanugacchatioriginal form "anugacchati", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
कारणाद्kāraṇādoriginal form "kāraṇād", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
यद्yadoriginal form "yad", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
पतिर्patiroriginal form "patir", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
caoriginal form "ca", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
译文

«If you do not do as I ask, o Duhshanta, your head will split into a hundred pieces this very day. Because a husband, entering his wife, is born again from her, as a son — in that lies the 'wifehood' (jaya) of a wife, so the ancient sage-poets have known. The offspring born to a husband learned in scripture saves, through the succession of the line, the ancestors who died before him. Because a son saves his father from the hell called 'Put' — for that the Self-born himself has named him 'putra' (son). She alone is a true wife who is skilled in the household, who is blessed with children, for whom her husband is her very life, who is devoted to her husband. A wife is half of a man, a wife is his best friend, a wife is the root of the three aims [of dharma, artha, and kama], a wife is a friend even to the dying. Those who have wives are fit for rites; with a wife, they are true householders; those who have wives rejoice, those who have wives are endowed with prosperity. In solitude they are sweet-speaking companions, in matters of dharma they are like fathers, to one in distress they are like mothers. Even in the wilderness a wife is a traveler's rest; whoever has a wife is trustworthy; therefore a wife is the highest refuge. In misfortune, when the departed husband wanders on alone through perilous paths, only the devoted wife follows him constantly. For this reason, o king, marriage is desired — that a husband gains his wife both in this world and in the next.»

版本

d1b0661f1485 · 发布于 2026年7月12日 15:37:30 UTC

可用语言RUEN

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