梵语IAST释义
ययातिः उवाच ब्रह्मचर्येण मे कृत्स्नः वेदः श्रुतिपथं गतः अहं राजा राजपुत्रः च ययातिः इति विश्रुतःyayātiḥ uvāca brahmacaryeṇa me kṛtsnaḥ vedaḥ śrutipathaṃ gataḥ ahaṃ rājā rājaputraḥ ca yayātiḥ iti viśrutaḥYayati said: through the vow of studentship (brahmacharya) the entire Veda entered my hearing; I am a king and a king's son, renowned as Yayati
देवयानी उवाच नृपते केन अर्थेन इमं देशं उपागतः वारिजं किंचित् जिघृक्षुः अथ वा मृगलिप्सयाdevayānī uvāca nṛpate kena arthena imaṃ deśaṃ upāgataḥ vārijaṃ kiṃcit jighṛkṣuḥ atha vā mṛgalipsayāDevayani said: O king, for what purpose have you come to this place? Wishing to catch some water creature, or seeking game?
ययातिः उवाच भद्रे अहं मृगलिप्सुः पानीयार्थं उपागतः बहु च अनुयुक्तः अस्मि तत् माम् अनुज्ञातुं अर्हसिyayātiḥ uvāca bhadre ahaṃ mṛgalipsuḥ pānīyārthaṃ upāgataḥ bahu ca anuyuktaḥ asmi tat mām anujñātuṃ arhasiYayati said: O gracious one, seeking game, I came here for water; and I have been questioned much; now you should let me go
देवयानी उवाच द्वाभ्यां कन्यासहस्राभ्यां दास्या शर्मिष्ठया सह त्वदधीना अस्मि भद्रं ते मे सखा भर्ता च भवdevayānī uvāca dvābhyāṃ kanyāsahasrābhyāṃ dāsyā śarmiṣṭhayā saha tvadadhīnā asmi bhadraṃ te me sakhā bhartā ca bhavaDevayani said: with the two thousand maidens and the maidservant Sharmishtha, I place myself under your power; may you prosper; be my friend and husband
ययातिः उवाच औशनसि भद्रं ते विद्धि अहं त्वां अर्हः न अस्मि भामिनि देवयानि तव पितुः राजानः अविवाह्याः हिyayātiḥ uvāca auśanasi bhadraṃ te viddhi ahaṃ tvāṃ arhaḥ na asmi bhāmini devayāni tava pituḥ rājānaḥ avivāhyāḥ hiYayati said: O daughter of Ushanas, may you prosper, know this: I am not worthy of you, O lovely one; for your father, O Devayani, kings are not fit as sons-in-law
देवयानी उवाच ब्रह्मणा क्षत्रं संसृष्टं क्षत्रं च ब्रह्मसंहितं नाहुषाङ्ग त्वं ऋषिः ऋषिपुत्रः च मां वहस्वdevayānī uvāca brahmaṇā kṣatraṃ saṃsṛṣṭaṃ kṣatraṃ ca brahmasaṃhitaṃ nāhuṣāṅga tvaṃ ṛṣiḥ ṛṣiputraḥ ca māṃ vahasvaDevayani said: brahminhood is joined with kshatra-hood, and kshatra-hood is united with brahminhood; O son of Nahusha, you are, as it were, a sage and a sage's son — therefore take me as your wife
ययातिः उवाच वराङ्गने एकदेहोद्भवाः चत्वारः अपि वर्णाः पृथग्धर्माः पृथक्शौचाः तेषां तु ब्राह्मणः वरःyayātiḥ uvāca varāṅgane ekadehodbhavāḥ catvāraḥ api varṇāḥ pṛthagdharmāḥ pṛthakśaucāḥ teṣāṃ tu brāhmaṇaḥ varaḥYayati said: O lovely one, though the four classes arose from a single body [of Purusha], they have different duties and different rules of purity; among them the brahmin is the best
देवयानी उवाच नाहुष अयं पाणिधर्मः पुरा पुम्भिः न सेवितः तं मे त्वं अग्रे अग्रहीः ततः अहं त्वां वृणोमिdevayānī uvāca nāhuṣa ayaṃ pāṇidharmaḥ purā pumbhiḥ na sevitaḥ taṃ me tvaṃ agre agrahīḥ tataḥ ahaṃ tvāṃ vṛṇomiDevayani said: O son of Nahusha, this hand of mine was never before taken by any man; you were the first to take it; therefore I choose you
मनस्विन्याः मे पाणिं ऋषिपुत्रेण स्वयं ऋषिणा वा त्वया गृहीतं अन्यः पुमान् कथं नु स्पृशेत्manasvinyāḥ me pāṇiṃ ṛṣiputreṇa svayaṃ ṛṣiṇā vā tvayā gṛhītaṃ anyaḥ pumān kathaṃ nu spṛśethow then could another man touch my hand — I, a woman of firm resolve — once taken by you, who are like a sage's son or a sage himself?
ययातिर्yayātiroriginal form "yayātir", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
कृत्स्नोkṛtsnooriginal form "kṛtsno", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
राजाहंrājāhaṃoriginal form "rājāhaṃ", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
राजपुत्रश्rājaputraśoriginal form "rājaputraś", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
ययातिर्yayātiroriginal form "yayātir", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
देवयान्य्devayānyoriginal form "devayāny", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
केनास्य्kenāsyoriginal form "kenāsy", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
देशम्deśamoriginal form "deśam", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
जिघृक्षुर्jighṛkṣuroriginal form "jighṛkṣur", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
किंkiṃoriginal form "kiṃ", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
चिद्cidoriginal form "cid", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
ययातिर्yayātiroriginal form "yayātir", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
मृगलिप्सुर्mṛgalipsuroriginal form "mṛgalipsur", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
पानीयार्थम्pānīyārthamoriginal form "pānīyārtham", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
चाप्य्cāpyoriginal form "cāpy", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
अनुयुक्तोanuyuktooriginal form "anuyukto", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
ऽस्मि'smioriginal form "'smi", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
तन्tanoriginal form "tan", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
मानुज्ञातुम्mānujñātumoriginal form "mānujñātum", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
देवयान्य्devayānyoriginal form "devayāny", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
त्वदधीनास्मिtvadadhīnāsmioriginal form "tvadadhīnāsmi", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
ययातिर्yayātiroriginal form "yayātir", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
विद्ध्य्viddhyoriginal form "viddhy", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
त्वाम्tvāmoriginal form "tvām", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
अर्होarhooriginal form "arho", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
ऽस्मि'smioriginal form "'smi", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
अविवाह्याavivāhyāoriginal form "avivāhyā", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
राजानोrājānooriginal form "rājāno", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
पितुस्pitusoriginal form "pitus", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
देवयान्य्devayānyoriginal form "devayāny", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
ब्रह्मसंहितम्brahmasaṃhitamoriginal form "brahmasaṃhitam", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
ऋषिश्ṛṣiśoriginal form "ṛṣiś", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
ऋषिपुत्रश्ṛṣiputraśoriginal form "ṛṣiputraś", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
ययातिर्yayātiroriginal form "yayātir", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
एकदेहोद्भवाekadehodbhavāoriginal form "ekadehodbhavā", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
वर्णाश्varṇāśoriginal form "varṇāś", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
चत्वारोcatvārooriginal form "catvāro", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
ऽपि'pioriginal form "'pi", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
पृथक्शौचास्pṛthakśaucāsoriginal form "pṛthakśaucās", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
ब्राह्मणोbrāhmaṇooriginal form "brāhmaṇo", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
देवयान्य्devayānyoriginal form "devayāny", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
पाणिधर्मोpāṇidharmooriginal form "pāṇidharmo", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
नाहुषायंnāhuṣāyaṃoriginal form "nāhuṣāyaṃ", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
त्वम्tvamoriginal form "tvam", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
अग्रहीर्agrahīroriginal form "agrahīr", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
त्वाम्tvāmoriginal form "tvām", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
पाणिम्pāṇimoriginal form "pāṇim", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
गृहीतम्gṛhītamoriginal form "gṛhītam", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
वाप्य्vāpyoriginal form "vāpy", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
Here Devayani herself chooses Yayati as her husband, while he, hesitating out of piety, points to the difference between their classes. The king's reverence before dharma stands out: even drawn by her beauty, he does not rush, but recognizes that a marriage between a kshatriya and a brahmin's daughter runs against the natural order, since 'the brahmin is foremost.' This is praiseworthy caution — Yayati has no wish to violate the dharma of the classes (varna-dharma) on his own authority. Devayani's arguments are equally telling: 'brahminhood is bound to kshatra-hood' hints that the classes are interwoven, and, more decisively, 'you were the first to take my hand [at the well]; therefore I choose you.' An ancient custom stands behind this: the taking of the hand (pani-graha) carries almost the force of marriage itself, and a maiden whose hand a man has touched considers herself already chosen by him. Devayani thus turns her rescue into the ground of a marriage — her rescuer becomes her betrothed. Note also the working of Kacha's curse: Devayani, whom no sage's son will take as wife, herself chooses a kshatriya, and so fulfills what was foretold. The verse weaves together a maiden's will, dharma, and destiny: Devayani's love drives the marriage forward, while the curse steers it precisely toward the king.