梵语IAST释义
वैशंपायनः उवाच कनीयसं पूरुं पुत्रं अभिषेक्तुकामं नृपतिं ब्राह्मणप्रमुखाः वर्णाः इदं वचनं अब्रुवन्vaiśaṃpāyanaḥ uvāca kanīyasaṃ pūruṃ putraṃ abhiṣektukāmaṃ nṛpatiṃ brāhmaṇapramukhāḥ varṇāḥ idaṃ vacanaṃ abruvanVaishampayana said: to the king who wished to anoint his younger son Puru [as heir], the classes headed by the brahmins spoke this word
प्रभो शुक्रस्य नप्तारं देवयान्याः सुतं ज्येष्ठं यदुं अतिक्रम्य कथं पूरोः राज्यं प्रदास्यसिprabho śukrasya naptāraṃ devayānyāḥ sutaṃ jyeṣṭhaṃ yaduṃ atikramya kathaṃ pūroḥ rājyaṃ pradāsyasiO lord, having passed over the eldest, Yadu, grandson of Shukra, son of Devayani, how will you give the kingdom to Puru?
यदुः तव ज्येष्ठः सुतः तम् अनु तुर्वसुः जातः शर्मिष्ठायाः सुतः द्रुह्युः ततः अनुः पूरुः एव चyaduḥ tava jyeṣṭhaḥ sutaḥ tam anu turvasuḥ jātaḥ śarmiṣṭhāyāḥ sutaḥ druhyuḥ tataḥ anuḥ pūruḥ eva caYadu is your eldest son, after him was born Turvasu; [then] the sons of Sharmishtha -- Druhyu, then Anu, and [only then] Puru
कथं ज्येष्ठान् अतिक्रम्य कनीयान् राज्यं अर्हति एतत् त्वां संबोधयामः त्वं धर्मं अनुपालयkathaṃ jyeṣṭhān atikramya kanīyān rājyaṃ arhati etat tvāṃ saṃbodhayāmaḥ tvaṃ dharmaṃ anupālayahow, passing over the elder ones, is the younger worthy of the kingdom? of this we remind [you]; you, [for your part], uphold dharma
ययातिः उवाच ब्राह्मणप्रमुखाः वर्णाः सर्वे मे वचः शृण्वन्तु ज्येष्ठं प्रति मे राज्यं कथं चन न देयम्yayātiḥ uvāca brāhmaṇapramukhāḥ varṇāḥ sarve me vacaḥ śṛṇvantu jyeṣṭhaṃ prati me rājyaṃ kathaṃ cana na deyamYayati said: classes headed by the brahmins, all of you, hear my word: to the eldest [son] my kingdom must in no way be given
मम ज्येष्ठेन यदुना नियोगः न अनुपालितः यः च पितुः प्रतिकूलः सः सतां पुत्रः न मतःmama jyeṣṭhena yadunā niyogaḥ na anupālitaḥ yaḥ ca pituḥ pratikūlaḥ saḥ satāṃ putraḥ na mataḥby my eldest, Yadu, [my] command was not obeyed; and whoever opposes his father is not reckoned a son by the good
यः सुतः मातापित्रोः वचनकृत् हितः पथ्यः च यः पितृमातृषु पुत्रवत् वर्तते सः पुत्रःyaḥ sutaḥ mātāpitroḥ vacanakṛt hitaḥ pathyaḥ ca yaḥ pitṛmātṛṣu putravat vartate saḥ putraḥ[that] son who carries out the word of mother and father, [who is] good and beneficial to them, who behaves toward father and mother as a son should -- he [alone] is [truly a] son
यदुना तुर्वसुना द्रुह्युना अनुना च अहम् अवज्ञातः मयि अवज्ञा भृशं कृताyadunā turvasunā druhyunā anunā ca aham avajñātaḥ mayi avajñā bhṛśaṃ kṛtāYadu, Turvasu, Druhyu, and Anu have disregarded [me]; against me [they] have committed disregard most [openly]
पूरुणा मे वाक्यं कृतं विशेषतः मानितः च कनीयान् मे दायादः येन मम जरा धृताpūruṇā me vākyaṃ kṛtaṃ viśeṣataḥ mānitaḥ ca kanīyān me dāyādaḥ yena mama jarā dhṛtāPuru, [however], carried out my word and honored [me] especially; though [he is] the youngest, he is my heir, for by him my old age has been taken on
च शुक्रेण काव्येन उशनसा स्वयं वरः दत्तः यः पुत्रः त्वा अनुवर्तेत सः राजा पृथिवीपतिःca śukreṇa kāvyena uśanasā svayaṃ varaḥ dattaḥ yaḥ putraḥ tvā anuvarteta saḥ rājā pṛthivīpatiḥand by Shukra-Kavya-Ushanas himself a boon was given: '[that] son who shall be obedient to you -- he [shall become] king, lord of the earth'
भवतः अनुनयामि एवं पूरुः राज्ये अभिषिच्यताम्bhavataḥ anunayāmi evaṃ pūruḥ rājye abhiṣicyatām[therefore] I entreat you [in this]: let Puru be anointed to the kingdom
प्रकृतयः ऊचुः प्रभो यः पुत्रः गुणसंपन्नः मातापित्रोः सदा हितः सः कनीयान् अपि सर्वं कल्याणं अर्हतिprakṛtayaḥ ūcuḥ prabho yaḥ putraḥ guṇasaṃpannaḥ mātāpitroḥ sadā hitaḥ saḥ kanīyān api sarvaṃ kalyāṇaṃ arhatithe subjects said: O lord, [that] son who is endowed with virtues [and] is ever good to father and mother -- he, [though] younger, is worthy of every blessing
कनीयसम्kanīyasamoriginal form "kanīyasam", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
ब्राह्मणप्रमुखाbrāhmaṇapramukhāoriginal form "brāhmaṇapramukhā", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
वर्णाvarṇāoriginal form "varṇā", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
वचनम्vacanamoriginal form "vacanam", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
यदुम्yadumoriginal form "yadum", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
यदुर्yaduroriginal form "yadur", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
ज्येष्ठस्jyeṣṭhasoriginal form "jyeṣṭhas", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
सुतोsutooriginal form "suto", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
जातस्jātasoriginal form "jātas", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
सुतोsutooriginal form "suto", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
द्रुह्युस्druhyusoriginal form "druhyus", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
ततोtatooriginal form "tato", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
ऽनुः'nuḥoriginal form "'nuḥ", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
पूरुर्pūruroriginal form "pūrur", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
राज्यम्rājyamoriginal form "rājyam", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
संबोधयामस्saṃbodhayāmasoriginal form "saṃbodhayāmas", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
त्वम्tvamoriginal form "tvam", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
ययातिर्yayātiroriginal form "yayātir", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
ब्राह्मणप्रमुखाbrāhmaṇapramukhāoriginal form "brāhmaṇapramukhā", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
यथाyathāoriginal form "yathā", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
देयंdeyaṃoriginal form "deyaṃ", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
नियोगोniyogooriginal form "niyogo", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
नानुपालितःnānupālitaḥoriginal form "nānupālitaḥ", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
पितुर्pituroriginal form "pitur", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
यश्yaśoriginal form "yaś", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
सsaoriginal form "sa", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
मातापित्रोर्mātāpitrororiginal form "mātāpitror", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
वचनकृद्vacanakṛdoriginal form "vacanakṛd", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
धितःdhitaḥoriginal form "dhitaḥ", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
पथ्यश्pathyaśoriginal form "pathyaś", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
सsaoriginal form "sa", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
पुत्रवद्putravadoriginal form "putravad", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
यश्yaśoriginal form "yaś", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
यदुनाहम्yadunāhamoriginal form "yadunāham", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
अवज्ञातस्avajñātasoriginal form "avajñātas", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
तथाtathāoriginal form "tathā", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
तुर्वसुनापिturvasunāpioriginal form "turvasunāpi", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
चानुनाcānunāoriginal form "cānunā", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
चैवcaivaoriginal form "caiva", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
मय्य्mayyoriginal form "mayy", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
भृशम्bhṛśamoriginal form "bhṛśam", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
मानितश्mānitaśoriginal form "mānitaś", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
दायादोdāyādooriginal form "dāyādo", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
ममmamaoriginal form "mama", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
ममmamaoriginal form "mama", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
कामःkāmaḥoriginal form "kāmaḥ", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
सsaoriginal form "sa", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
चcaoriginal form "ca", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
कृतःkṛtaḥoriginal form "kṛtaḥ", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
पूरुणाpūruṇāoriginal form "pūruṇā", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
पुत्ररूपिणाputrarūpiṇāoriginal form "putrarūpiṇā", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
चcaoriginal form "ca", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
वरोvarooriginal form "varo", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
काव्येनोशनसाkāvyenośanasāoriginal form "kāvyenośanasā", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
स्वयम्svayamoriginal form "svayam", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
पुत्रोputrooriginal form "putro", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
यस्yasoriginal form "yas", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
त्वानुवर्तेतtvānuvartetaoriginal form "tvānuvarteta", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
सsaoriginal form "sa", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
भवतोbhavatooriginal form "bhavato", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
ऽनुनयाम्य्'nunayāmyoriginal form "'nunayāmy", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
पूरूpūrūoriginal form "pūrū", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
ऽभिषिच्यताम्'bhiṣicyatāmoriginal form "'bhiṣicyatām", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
प्रकृतयprakṛtayaoriginal form "prakṛtaya", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
पुत्रोputrooriginal form "putro", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
गुणसंपन्नोguṇasaṃpannooriginal form "guṇasaṃpanno", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
मातापित्रोर्mātāpitrororiginal form "mātāpitror", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
सर्वम्sarvamoriginal form "sarvam", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
सsaoriginal form "sa", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
अर्हःarhaḥoriginal form "arhaḥ", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
पूरुर्pūruroriginal form "pūrur", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
इदंidaṃoriginal form "idaṃ", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
प्रियकृत्priyakṛtoriginal form "priyakṛt", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
तवtavaoriginal form "tava", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
वरदानेनvaradānenaoriginal form "varadānena", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
शुक्रस्यśukrasyaoriginal form "śukrasya", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
शक्यंśakyaṃoriginal form "śakyaṃ", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
वक्तुम्vaktumoriginal form "vaktum", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
उत्तरम्uttaramoriginal form "uttaram", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
Here the succession to the throne is decided -- and a teaching about who is a true son shows itself. The subjects' objection is significant: they are concerned with the dharma of seniority, the right of primogeniture; their concern is legitimate. But more significant still is Yayati's answer, which traces sonship not to birth but to righteousness: "the son who carries out the word of father and mother... he alone is a true son; and whoever opposes his father is not counted as a son." Here is a profound principle: true kinship is not only of the flesh but of obedience and love; a son who rebels against his father loses sonship in essence, though he remains one by blood. So too in spiritual life: the true "son" -- disciple, devotee -- is the one who is obedient to the teacher, to God, not merely the one who is counted as such. It is significant, too, that the decision is confirmed by Shukra's boon ("the obedient son is king"): thus the sage's will and righteousness converge. Note also the king's wisdom: he does not arbitrarily override seniority, but explains himself to his subjects and seeks their consent; and they, persuaded, agree. Thus scripture affirms: not seniority in itself, but righteousness and obedience are the foundation of worth and authority.