梵语IAST释义
वैशंपायनः उवाच नहुषात्मजः ययातिः पौरवेण वयसा प्रीतियुक्तः प्रियान् विषयान् चचारvaiśaṃpāyanaḥ uvāca nahuṣātmajaḥ yayātiḥ pauraveṇa vayasā prītiyuktaḥ priyān viṣayān cacāraVaishampayana said: Yayati, son of Nahusha, [having taken on] the age of Puru, joyful, partook of the objects [of the senses] dear [to him]
राजेन्द्रः यथाकामं यथोत्साहं यथाकालं यथासुखं धर्माविरुद्धान् [विषयान्] यथा अर्हति [तथा चचार]rājendraḥ yathākāmaṃ yathotsāhaṃ yathākālaṃ yathāsukhaṃ dharmāviruddhān [viṣayān] yathā arhati [tathā cacāra]the lord of kings, as he desired, as he was able, at the [proper] time, at his pleasure, [partook of the objects], not contrary to dharma, as befitted him
देवान् यज्ञैः पितॄन् श्राद्धैः दीनान् अनुग्रहैः द्विजसत्तमान् इष्टैः कामैः अतर्पयत्devān yajñaiḥ pitṝn śrāddhaiḥ dīnān anugrahaiḥ dvijasattamān iṣṭaiḥ kāmaiḥ atarpayatthe gods with sacrifices, the ancestors with the memorial [rites] of shraddha, the destitute with acts of grace, the best of the twice-born with desired gifts he satisfied
अतिथीन् अन्नपानैः विशः परिपालनैः शूद्रान् आनृशंस्येन दस्यून् संनिग्रहेण [अतर्पयत्]atithīn annapānaiḥ viśaḥ paripālanaiḥ śūdrān ānṛśaṃsyena dasyūn saṃnigraheṇa [atarpayat]guests -- with food and drink, vaishyas -- with protection, shudras -- with gentleness, bandits -- with restraint [he satisfied]
ययातिः धर्मेण सर्वाः प्रजाः यथावत् अनुरञ्जयन् साक्षात् अपरः इन्द्रः इव पालयाम् आसyayātiḥ dharmeṇa sarvāḥ prajāḥ yathāvat anurañjayan sākṣāt aparaḥ indraḥ iva pālayām āsaYayati, delighting all his subjects duly according to dharma, ruled, [as] visibly a second Indra
सिंहविक्रान्तः युवा विषयगोचरः सः राजा धर्मस्य अविरोधेन उत्तमं सुखं चचारsiṃhavikrāntaḥ yuvā viṣayagocaraḥ saḥ rājā dharmasya avirodhena uttamaṃ sukhaṃ cacāra[with] the gait of a lion, youthful, devoted to the objects [of the senses], that king, without violating dharma, enjoyed supreme happiness
सः पार्थिवः शुभान् कामान् संप्राप्य तृप्तः खिन्नः च वर्षसहस्रान्तं कालं सस्मारsaḥ pārthivaḥ śubhān kāmān saṃprāpya tṛptaḥ khinnaḥ ca varṣasahasrāntaṃ kālaṃ sasmārathat king, having obtained auspicious pleasures, [sated and] weary, remembered the term of a thousand years [drawing] to its close
कालज्ञः वीर्यवान् कलाः काष्ठाः च परिसंख्याय कालं पूर्णं मत्वा पूरुं पुत्रम् उवाचkālajñaḥ vīryavān kalāḥ kāṣṭhāḥ ca parisaṃkhyāya kālaṃ pūrṇaṃ matvā pūruṃ putram uvācaknower of the reckoning of time, mighty, having counted the [smallest measures --] kalas and kashthas [and] considering the term fulfilled, [he] said to his son Puru
अरिंदम पुत्र तव यौवनेन मया यथाकामं यथोत्साहं यथाकालं विषयाः सेविताःariṃdama putra tava yauvanena mayā yathākāmaṃ yathotsāhaṃ yathākālaṃ viṣayāḥ sevitāḥO tamer of foes, my son, through your youth by me, as I desired, as I was able, at the [proper] time, [were enjoyed] the objects [of the senses]
पूरो प्रीतः अस्मि भद्रं ते इदं स्वयौवनं गृहाण इदं राज्यं च गृहाण त्वं हि मे प्रियकृत् सुतःpūro prītaḥ asmi bhadraṃ te idaṃ svayauvanaṃ gṛhāṇa idaṃ rājyaṃ ca gṛhāṇa tvaṃ hi me priyakṛt sutaḥO Puru, I am pleased; blessings upon you; take back this youth of your own and take this kingdom too; for you are the son who has done what pleases me
तदा नाहुषः राजा ययातिः जरां प्रतिपेदे पूरुः च स्वं यौवनं पुनः आत्मनः प्रतिपेदेtadā nāhuṣaḥ rājā yayātiḥ jarāṃ pratipede pūruḥ ca svaṃ yauvanaṃ punaḥ ātmanaḥ pratipedethen King Yayati, son of Nahusha, took back old age, and Puru once more took back his own youth
वैशंपायनvaiśaṃpāyanaoriginal form "vaiśaṃpāyana", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
पौरवेणाथpauraveṇāthaoriginal form "pauraveṇātha", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
ययातिर्yayātiroriginal form "yayātir", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
प्रीतियुक्तोprītiyuktooriginal form "prītiyukto", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
नृपश्रेष्ठश्nṛpaśreṣṭhaśoriginal form "nṛpaśreṣṭhaś", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
यथासुखम्yathāsukhamoriginal form "yathāsukham", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
राजेन्द्रोrājendrooriginal form "rājendro", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
यथार्हतिyathārhatioriginal form "yathārhati", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
सsaoriginal form "sa", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
एवevaoriginal form "eva", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
अतर्पयद्atarpayadoriginal form "atarpayad", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
श्राद्धैस्śrāddhaisoriginal form "śrāddhais", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
तद्वत्tadvatoriginal form "tadvat", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
अपिapioriginal form "api", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
अनुग्रहैर्anugrahairoriginal form "anugrahair", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
कामैश्kāmaiśoriginal form "kāmaiś", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
अन्नपानैश्annapānaiśoriginal form "annapānaiś", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
विशश्viśaśoriginal form "viśaś", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
शूद्रांश्śūdrāṃśoriginal form "śūdrāṃś", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
चcaoriginal form "ca", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
चcaoriginal form "ca", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
सर्वाsarvāoriginal form "sarvā", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
यथावद्yathāvadoriginal form "yathāvad", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
साक्षाद्sākṣādoriginal form "sākṣād", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
इन्द्रindraoriginal form "indra", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
इवापरःivāparaḥoriginal form "ivāparaḥ", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
सsaoriginal form "sa", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
सिंहविक्रान्तोsiṃhavikrāntooriginal form "siṃhavikrānto", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
सुखम्sukhamoriginal form "sukham", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
उत्तमम्uttamamoriginal form "uttamam", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
सsaoriginal form "sa", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
कामांस्kāmāṃsoriginal form "kāmāṃs", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
खिन्नश्khinnaśoriginal form "khinnaś", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
चcaoriginal form "ca", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
मनुजाधिपःmanujādhipaḥoriginal form "manujādhipaḥ", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
काष्ठाश्kāṣṭhāśoriginal form "kāṣṭhāś", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
चcaoriginal form "ca", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
ततःtataḥoriginal form "tataḥ", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
हhaoriginal form "ha", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
यथाकालम्yathākālamoriginal form "yathākālam", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
सेविताsevitāoriginal form "sevitā", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
प्रीतोprītooriginal form "prīto", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
ऽस्मि'smioriginal form "'smi", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
गृहाणेदंgṛhāṇedaṃoriginal form "gṛhāṇedaṃ", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
स्वयौवनम्svayauvanamoriginal form "svayauvanam", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
चैवcaivaoriginal form "caiva", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
गृहाणेदंgṛhāṇedaṃoriginal form "gṛhāṇedaṃ", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
हिhioriginal form "hi", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
ययातिर्yayātiroriginal form "yayātir", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
नाहुषस्nāhuṣasoriginal form "nāhuṣas", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
चcaoriginal form "ca", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
पुनर्punaroriginal form "punar", added to complete the word-by-word coverage
Here Yayati, having had his fill, returns youth to his son -- and shows nobility even in enjoyment. It is significant that even while indulging in pleasures, Yayati "did not violate dharma": he honored the gods, the ancestors, the brahmins, and cared for all classes, for guests, for the poor. Here is the image of the righteous householder (grihastha): pleasure (kama) and gain (artha) are permitted, but only "in accord with dharma" and in the fulfillment of duty toward gods, ancestors, and people. Thus scripture does not reject worldly joy, but subordinates it to dharma. But most significant of all is that Yayati, "sated and weary," returns the youth: he keeps his own word (the thousand years) and does not cling to another's youth. Here is the beginning of his awakening: a thousand years of pleasure led not to satiated contentment but to weariness -- and, as the next chapter will show, to the understanding that desire is insatiable. Thus Yayati's honesty -- the return of youth -- is the first step from bondage to passion toward freedom of spirit.