Mahābhārata
Prajāgara (037) (Dhṛtarāṣṭra's Night of Anxiety, Chapters 33–40)5.37.1-5
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Mahābhārata · 5.37.1-5
Devanāgarī

विदुर उवाच
सप्तदशेमान् राजेन्द्र मनुः स्वायंभुवो ऽब्रवीत् ॥
वैचित्रवीर्य पुरुषान् आकाशं मुष्टिभिर् घ्नतः ॥
तान् एवेन्द्रस्य हि धनुर् अनाम्यं नमतो ऽब्रवीत् ॥
अथो मरीचिनः पादान् अनाम्यान् नमतस् तथा ॥
यश् चाशिष्यं शासति यश् च कुप्यते; यश् चातिवेलं भजते द्विषन्तम् ॥
स्त्रियश् च यो ऽरक्षति भद्रम् अस्तु ते; यश् चायाच्यं याचति यश् च कत्थते ॥
यश् चाभिजातः प्रकरोत्य् अकार्यं; यश् चाबलो बलिना नित्यवैरी ॥
अश्रद्दधानाय च यो ब्रवीति; यश् चाकाम्यं कामयते नरेन्द्र ॥
वध्वा हासं श्वशुरो यश् च मन्यते; वध्वा वसन्न् उत यो मानकामः ॥
परक्षेत्रे निर्वपति यश् च बीजं; स्त्रियं च यः परिवदते ऽतिवेलम् ॥

Transliteración (IAST)

vidura uvāca
saptadaśemān rājendra manuḥ svāyaṃbhuvo 'bravīt ||
vaicitravīrya puruṣān ākāśaṃ muṣṭibhir ghnataḥ ||
tān evendrasya hi dhanur anāmyaṃ namato 'bravīt ||
atho marīcinaḥ pādān anāmyān namatas tathā ||
yaś cāśiṣyaṃ śāsati yaś ca kupyate; yaś cātivelaṃ bhajate dviṣantam ||
striyaś ca yo 'rakṣati bhadram astu te; yaś cāyācyaṃ yācati yaś ca katthate ||
yaś cābhijātaḥ prakaroty akāryaṃ; yaś cābalo balinā nityavairī ||
aśraddadhānāya ca yo bravīti; yaś cākāmyaṃ kāmayate narendra ||
vadhvā hāsaṃ śvaśuro yaś ca manyate; vadhvā vasann uta yo mānakāmaḥ ||
parakṣetre nirvapati yaś ca bījaṃ; striyaṃ ca yaḥ parivadate 'tivelam ||

Palabra por palabra
SánscritoIASTSignificado
विदुरviduraO Vidura; Vidura
उवाचuvācasaid; spoke
सप्तदशेमान्saptadaśemānthese seventeen; the following seventeen
राजेन्द्रrājendraO best of kings; O king of kings
मनुःmanuḥManu; the progenitor Manu
स्वायंभुवोsvāyaṃbhuvoSvayambhuva; self-born
ऽब्रवीत्'bravītsaid; spoke
वैचित्रवीर्यvaicitravīryaO son of Vicitravirya; Dhritarashtra
पुरुषान्puruṣānmen; persons
आकाशंākāśaṃsky; space
मुष्टिभिर्muṣṭibhirwith fists; with clenched hands
घ्नतःghnataḥstriking; beating
तान्tānthem; those
एवेन्द्रस्यevendrasyaof Indra himself; of Indra indeed
हिhiindeed; for
धनुर्dhanurbow; the weapon-bow
अनाम्यंanāmyaṃunbendable; that which cannot be bent
नमतोnamatobending; trying to bend
ऽब्रवीत्'bravītsaid; spoke
अथोathoand then; and also
मरीचिनःmarīcinaḥof the rays; of the sun's rays
पादान्pādānfeet; soles
अनाम्यान्anāmyānunbendable; that cannot be bent
नमतस्namatasbending; trying to bend
तथाtathāthus; in this way
यश्yaśwho; the one who
चाशिष्यंcāśiṣyaṃand a non-disciple; an unworthy disciple
शासतिśāsatiinstructs; teaches
यश्yaśwho; the one who
caand; also
कुप्यतेkupyategrows angry; becomes wrathful
यश्yaśwho; the one who
चातिवेलंcātivelaṃand excessively; and for too long
भजतेbhajateturns to; resorts to
द्विषन्तम्dviṣantamthe hating one; an enemy
स्त्रियश्striyaśwomen; wives
caand; also
योyowho; the one who
ऽरक्षति'rakṣatidoes not protect; does not guard
भद्रम्bhadramgood; blessing
अस्तुastumay it be; let it be
तेtethey; those
यश्yaśwho; the one who
चायाच्यंcāyācyaṃand that which should not be asked; that which cannot be beseeched
याचतिyācatibegs; entreats
यश्yaśwho; the one who
caand; also
कत्थतेkatthateboasts; brags
यश्yaśwho; the one who
चाभिजातःcābhijātaḥand nobly born; and of high birth
प्रकरोत्य्prakarotycommits; does
अकार्यंakāryaṃan improper act; an unworthy deed
यश्yaśwho; the one who
चाबलोcābaloand weak; and powerless
बलिनाbalināwith the powerful one; with the mighty one
नित्यवैरीnityavairīa perpetual foe; an eternal enemy
अश्रद्दधानायaśraddadhānāyato the faithless one; to one lacking trust
caand; also
योyowho; the one who
ब्रवीतिbravītispeaks; tells
यश्yaśwho; the one who
चाकाम्यंcākāmyaṃand the undesirable; that which should not be desired
कामयतेkāmayatedesires; wants
नरेन्द्रnarendraO lord of men; ruler of men
वध्वाvadhvāwith the daughter-in-law; with the son's young wife
हासंhāsaṃlaughter; a jest
श्वशुरोśvaśurothe father-in-law; the husband's father
यश्yaśwho; the one who
caand; also
मन्यतेmanyatethinks; supposes
वध्वाvadhvāwith the daughter-in-law; with the son's young wife
वसन्न्vasanndwelling; living
उतutaand even; also
योyowho; the one who
मानकामःmānakāmaḥdesiring honor; seeking respect
परक्षेत्रेparakṣetrein another's field; in another man's wife
निर्वपतिnirvapatisows; scatters seed
यश्yaśwho; the one who
caand; also
बीजंbījaṃseed; the sowing
स्त्रियंstriyaṃa woman; a wife
caand; also
यःyaḥwho; whoever
परिवदतेparivadatereviles; reproaches
ऽतिवेलम्'tivelamexcessively; too harshly
Traducción

Vidura said: "O foremost of kings, son of Vicitravirya, Manu Svayambhuva spoke of these seventeen kinds of men as being like one who strikes the empty sky with his fists, or strives to bend the unbendable bow of Indra in the heavens, or longs to seize the intangible rays of the sun. These seventeen kinds of fools are: he who strives to govern one who cannot be governed; he who instructs an unworthy disciple; he who grows angry without cause; he who turns for too long to one who hates him; he who fails to protect his women -- may good come to him nonetheless; he who begs from one who should never be begged; he who boasts when asked for something; he who, though nobly born, commits an improper act; he who, being weak, wages ceaseless war against the strong; he who speaks earnestly to one who has no faith in him; he who desires what should never be desired, O lord of men; a father-in-law who jests with his daughter-in-law, or who, dwelling under the same roof, seeks her esteem; he who sows his seed in another man's field; and he who reviles his own wife beyond all measure -- these seventeen fools did Manu describe."

Versión

2b2ad5ae1160 · publicado 17 jul 2026, 4:02:44 UTC

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