उपनिषद् · Kaṭha 3.4
॥
देवनागरी
इन्द्रियाणि हयान् आहुर् विषयांस् तेषु गोचरान् ।
आत्मेन्द्रियमनोयुक्तं भोक्तेत्य् आहुर् मनीषिणः
लिप्यंतरण (IAST)
indriyāṇi hayān āhur viṣayāṃs teṣu gocarān /
ātmendriyamanoyuktaṃ bhoktety āhur manīṣiṇaḥ
शब्दशः अर्थ
संस्कृतIASTअर्थ
इन्द्रियाणिindriyāṇithe senses; the sense-organs
हयान्hayānthe horses (haya); the steeds; the mounts
आहुःāhuḥthey call; they say
विषयान्viṣayānthe objects [of the senses] (viṣaya); the objects; the things of sense
तेषुteṣufor them; into them
गोचरान्gocarānthe roads and pastures (go-cara — 'grazing ground'); the field of their running; the ranges
आत्मātmawith the soul; with the self
इन्द्रियindriyawith the senses; with the sense-organs
मनोmanowith the mind; with the inner organ
युक्तम्yuktamjoined; yoked
भोक्ताbhoktāthe enjoyer (bhoktṛ — 'the experiencer'); the one who enjoys; the taster of experience
इतिitithus; how
आहुःāhuḥthey call; they say
मनीषिणःmanīṣiṇaḥthe wise (manīṣin); the discerning; the thinkers
अनुवाद
The senses they call the horses, and the objects of sense their roads. [The Ātman] joined with body, senses and mind — him the wise call the enjoyer.
संस्करण
f897a7ee5669 · प्रकाशित 26 जुल॰ 2026, 9:13:03 pm UTC
उपलब्ध भाषाएँRUENश्लोक बदलें इन कुंजियों से
The harness is completed: indriyāṇi hayān āhuḥ — "the senses are the horses": five strong, swift, wilful animals; viṣayāṁs teṣu gocarān — "the objects [of sense] are their pastures and roads" (gocara — literally "a cow-pasture": where they graze, thither they pull). The horses are not wicked — they are horses: their business is to run to the grass; the only question is whether they are driven.
ātmendriya-mano-yuktaṁ bhoktety āhur manīṣiṇaḥ — "the [Ātman] joined with senses and mind the wise call the enjoyer". The word is exact: bhoktā — "the enjoyer, the experiencer" — the soul in the harness of experience. In herself she does not eat the fruits of the world; what makes her an enjoyer is yukta — the being harnessed, the coupling with body, senses and mind. All the experience of saṁsāra — joys, pains, fears — belongs neither to the bare soul nor to the dead vehicle but to this union.
Two consequences follow. A consoling one: it is the coupling that suffers, not the essence; let it be uncoupled and the tasting of bitterness ends. A sobering one: while the coupling lasts, to drive it is my business; "I am not the body" does not free one from the reins. The Gītā (3.42) will repeat the ladder of the harness word for word: the senses are above the body, the mind above the senses, the intellect above the mind, and He above the intellect.