奥义书——吠陀传统的哲学核心，阐明梵、真我、知识、行动与解脱的本质。十部主要奥义书，另加精选的毗湿奴派小奥义书。
A Śaiva book: the gods ask Rudra who He is, and He answers in the first person — "I alone was and am," listing all that He has become. It ends with a vow taken with ash, and instruction on to whom this teaching may be passed.