LinuxTurn pages
Upanishads · Muktikā 1.35
॥
Devanāgarī
रहस्यं रामतपनं वासुदेवं च मुद्गलम् । शाण्डिल्यं पैङ्गलं भिक्षुमहच्छारीरकं शिखा
Transliteration (IAST)
rahasyaṃ rāmatapanaṃ vāsudevaṃ ca mudgalam | śāṇḍilyaṃ paiṅgalaṃ bhikṣumahacchārīrakaṃ śikhā
Word-by-word
SanskritIASTMeaning
रहस्यं राम-तपनंrahasyaṃ rāma-tapanaṃRahasya, Rāma-tāpana
वासुदेवं च मुद्गलम्vāsudevaṃ ca mudgalamand Vāsudeva and Mudgala
शाण्डिल्यं पैङ्गलं भिक्षु-śāṇḍilyaṃ paiṅgalaṃ bhikṣu-Śāṇḍilya, Paiṅgala, Bhikṣu-
महत्-शारीरकं शिखाmahat-śārīrakaṃ śikhāMahat, Śārīraka, Yogaśikhā
Translation
«Rāmarahasya, Rāmatāpanī, Vāsudeva, Mudgala, Śāṇḍilya, Paiṅgala, Bhikṣu, Mahat, Śārīraka, Yogaśikhā…»
Version
0f6deee25def · published Aug 12, 2026, 5:00:00 AM UTC
Available inRUENPage between verses with
Worth noting that this verse holds four Vaishnava books in a row: Rāmarahasya, Rāmatāpanī, Vāsudeva, and Mudgala. We read Rāma-tāpanī as the sixteenth, and it turned out to be the one closing Baladeva's citations; Rāma-rahasya is a book on Rāma's mantra and on Hanumān. The Vāsudeva-upaniṣad is a book on ūrdhva-puṇḍra, the vertical mark, and on the clay of Dvārakā; we examined it separately.
Mudgala is a book on the puruṣa-sūkta, the hymn to Puruṣa (Ṛgveda 10.90), and interprets it as a hymn to Viṣṇu. That is, in a list compiled by a school that reads everything non-dually, there stands a whole cluster of books where the subject is named and described with a form. Add Śārīraka, «bodily»: it is a brief inventory of the body — the elements, the senses, the states; and its name is from śarīra, «body».
Add Paiṅgala: in it Yājñavalkya instructs Paiṅgala, and it contains the famous analysis of tat tvam asi by direct and indicated meaning, spoken of at Varāha (2.17). That is, the list gathered under one roof both those who interpret this saying as identity and those who read it as relation; and whoever reads all hundred and eight will inevitably see a dispute, not a single teaching.