梵语IAST释义
अभिवाद्याabhivādyāhaving greeted; having bowed to
तुtuindeed; but
साsāshe; that one
कृष्णkṛṣṇaO Krishna; O Vasudeva
त्वयाtvayāby you; on your part
मद्वचनाद्madvacanādby my word; on my behalf
विभोvibhoO lord; O sovereign
धृतराष्ट्रश्dhṛtarāṣṭraśDhritarashtra; King Dhritarashtra
चcaand; also
कौरव्योkauravyothe descendant of Kuru; the Kaurava
राजानश्rājānaśthe kings; the rulers
चcaand; also
वयोvayoin age; in years
ऽधिकाः'dhikāḥsenior; elder
भीष्मंbhīṣmaṃBhishma; the son of Shantanu
द्रोणंdroṇaṃDrona; to Drona
कृपंkṛpaṃKripa; to Kripa
चैवcaivaand also; and indeed
महाराजंmahārājaṃthe great sovereign; the great king
चcaand; also
बाह्लिकम्bāhlikamBahlika; King Bahlika
द्रौणिंdrauṇiṃDrauni; Ashvatthama
चcaand; also
सोमदत्तंsomadattaṃSomadatta; King Somadatta
चcaand; also
सर्वांश्sarvāṃśall; every one
चcaand; also
भरतान्bharatānthe Bharatas; the descendants of Bharata; the line of Bharata
पृथक्pṛthakseparately; individually
विदुरंviduraṃVidura; to Vidura
चcaand; also
महाप्राज्ञंmahāprājñaṃthe greatly wise; the highly intelligent
कुरूणांkurūṇāṃof the Kurus; of the descendants of Kuru
मन्त्रधारिणम्mantradhāriṇamthe keeper of counsel; the bearer of wise decision
अगाधबुद्धिंagādhabuddhiṃof unfathomable intellect; deep of thought
धर्मज्ञंdharmajñaṃknower of dharma; versed in duty; learned in righteousness
स्वजेथाsvajethāgreet; honor
मधुसूदनmadhusūdanaO Madhusudana; O Krishna
इत्य्itythus; having said thus
उक्त्वाuktvāhaving said; having spoken
केशवंkeśavaṃKeshava; Krishna
तत्रtatrathere; in that place
राजमध्येrājamadhyeamid the kings; in the assembly of kings
युधिष्ठिरःyudhiṣṭhiraḥYudhishthira; King Yudhishthira
अनुज्ञातोanujñātohaving received leave; given permission to depart
निववृतेnivavṛteturned back; returned
कृष्णंkṛṣṇaṃKrishna; Krishna Vasudeva
कृत्वाkṛtvāhaving made; having performed
प्रदक्षिणम्pradakṣiṇama clockwise circumambulation; a reverent circling
व्रजन्न्vrajanngoing; departing
एवevaindeed; just
तुtubut; however
बीभत्सुःbībhatsuḥBibhatsu; Arjuna
सखायंsakhāyaṃfriend; companion
पुरुषर्षभम्puruṣarṣabhamthe bull among men; the foremost of men
अब्रवीत्abravītsaid; spoke
परवीरघ्नंparavīraghnaṃthe slayer of enemy heroes; the destroyer of foreign warriors
दाशार्हम्dāśārhamDasharha; the descendant of the Dasharhas
अपराजितम्aparājitamunconquered; invincible
This passage (5.81.46-50) develops the central theme of the Udyoga-parva: the effort for peace unfolds against the backdrop of an already inevitable war. Key themes: Krishna, Dhritarashtra, Vidura, Bhishma, dharma. Dharma is revealed here through speech, the choice of embassy, faithfulness to promises, and the responsibility of kings for the consequences of their decisions.