摩诃婆罗多
Prajāgara (034) (Dhṛtarāṣṭra's Night of Anxiety, Chapters 33–40)5.34.46-50
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摩诃婆罗多 · 5.34.46-50
天城文

शीलं प्रधानं पुरुषे तद् यस्येह प्रणश्यति ॥
न तस्य जीवितेनार्थो न धनेन न बन्धुभिः ॥
आढ्यानां मांसपरमं मध्यानां गोरसोत्तरम् ॥
लवणोत्तरं दरिद्राणां भोजनं भरतर्षभ ॥
संपन्नतरम् एवान्नं दरिद्रा भुञ्जते सदा ॥
क्षुत् स्वादुतां जनयति सा चाढ्येषु सुदुर्लभा ॥
प्रायेण श्रीमतां लोके भोक्तुं शक्तिर् न विद्यते ॥
दरिद्राणां तु राजेन्द्र अपि काष्ठं हि जीर्यते ॥
अवृत्तिर् भयम् अन्त्यानां मध्यानां मरणाद् भयम् ॥
उत्तमानां तु मर्त्यानाम् अवमानात् परं भयम् ॥

转写 (IAST)

śīlaṃ pradhānaṃ puruṣe tad yasyeha praṇaśyati ||
na tasya jīvitenārtho na dhanena na bandhubhiḥ ||
āḍhyānāṃ māṃsaparamaṃ madhyānāṃ gorasottaram ||
lavaṇottaraṃ daridrāṇāṃ bhojanaṃ bharatarṣabha ||
saṃpannataram evānnaṃ daridrā bhuñjate sadā ||
kṣut svādutāṃ janayati sā cāḍhyeṣu sudurlabhā ||
prāyeṇa śrīmatāṃ loke bhoktuṃ śaktir na vidyate ||
daridrāṇāṃ tu rājendra api kāṣṭhaṃ hi jīryate ||
avṛttir bhayam antyānāṃ madhyānāṃ maraṇād bhayam ||
uttamānāṃ tu martyānām avamānāt paraṃ bhayam ||

逐字释义
梵语IAST释义
शीलंśīlaṃcharacter; virtue
प्रधानंpradhānaṃforemost; the best
पुरुषेpuruṣein a man; for a man
तद्tadthat; this
यस्येहyasyehafor whom in this world; for whom in this life
प्रणश्यतिpraṇaśyatiperishes; vanishes
nanot; no
तस्यtasyahis; of that one
जीवितेनार्थोjīvitenārthopurpose in life; value from life
nanot; no
धनेनdhanenawith wealth; with means
nanot; no
बन्धुभिःbandhubhiḥwith kinsmen; with relatives
आढ्यानांāḍhyānāṃfor the wealthy; for the affluent
मांसपरमंmāṃsaparamaṃbest meat; meat as the finest
मध्यानांmadhyānāṃfor the middling; for people of average means
गोरसोत्तरम्gorasottarambest dairy food; dairy food as excellent
लवणोत्तरंlavaṇottaraṃbest with salt; with salt as the chief thing
दरिद्राणांdaridrāṇāṃfor the poor; for the destitute
भोजनंbhojanaṃfood; meal
भरतर्षभbharatarṣabhaO bull among the Bharatas; O best of the Bharatas
संपन्नतरम्saṃpannatarammore abundant; better prepared
एवान्नंevānnaṃindeed just food; this very meal
दरिद्राdaridrāthe poor; the needy
भुञ्जतेbhuñjateeat; partake
सदाsadāalways; constantly
क्षुत्kṣuthunger; desire for food
स्वादुतांsvādutāṃsweetness; pleasant taste
जनयतिjanayatiproduces; creates
साit; that
चाढ्येषुcāḍhyeṣuand among the wealthy; among the affluent
सुदुर्लभाsudurlabhāvery hard to obtain; difficult to attain
प्रायेणprāyeṇafor the most part; generally
श्रीमतांśrīmatāṃof the prosperous; of the affluent
लोकेlokein the world; among people
भोक्तुंbhoktuṃis present; to enjoy
शक्तिर्śaktirpower; ability
nanot; no
विद्यतेvidyateexists; is found
दरिद्राणांdaridrāṇāṃfor the poor; for the destitute
तुtuindeed; but
राजेन्द्रrājendraO foremost of kings; O king of kings
अपिapieven; also
काष्ठंkāṣṭhaṃwood; even wood
हिhiindeed; for
जीर्यतेjīryateis digested; is consumed
अवृत्तिर्avṛttirlack of livelihood; unemployment
भयम्bhayamfear; danger
अन्त्यानांantyānāṃof the lowest; for the poorest
मध्यानांmadhyānāṃof the middling; for people of average means
मरणाद्maraṇādfrom death; before death
भयम्bhayamfear; danger
उत्तमानांuttamānāṃof the highest; for the best people
तुtuindeed; but
मर्त्यानाम्martyānāmof mortals; of men
अवमानात्avamānātfrom disgrace; because of humiliation
परंparaṃgreatest; highest
भयम्bhayamfear; danger
译文

Character is the foremost thing in a man; when it is lost, life, wealth, and kinsmen are of no avail to him. The wealthy prize meat above all, those of middling means prize dairy food, and for the poor, O bull among the Bharatas, food seasoned above all with salt is what they know. The poor always eat a more savory meal, for hunger itself produces sweetness of taste, and that is very hard to come by among the wealthy. Among the world's prosperous, for the most part, the very capacity to enjoy their food is lacking, while for the poor, O best of kings, even wood is readily digested. For the lowest, the fear is want of livelihood; for the middling, the fear is death; but for the highest among mortals, the greatest fear of all is disgrace.

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52ab30c0a196 · 发布于 2026年7月17日 04:02:44 UTC

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