奥义书 · Muṇḍaka 3.2.4
॥
天城文
न अयम् आत्मा बलहीनेन लभ्यः न च प्रमादात् तपसः वा अपि अलिङ्गात् ।
एतैः उपायैः यतते यः तु विद्वान् तस्य एषः आत्मा विशते ब्रह्मधाम ॥
转写 (IAST)
na ayam ātmā balahīnena labhyaḥ na ca pramādāt tapasaḥ vā api aliṅgāt |
etaiḥ upāyaiḥ yatate yaḥ tu vidvān tasya eṣaḥ ātmā viśate brahmadhāma ||
逐字释义
梵语IAST释义
नnanot; no
अयम् आत्माayam ātmāthis Ātman; this self
बलहीनेनbalahīnenaby the weak (bala-hīna); by one devoid of strength; by the feeble [of will]
लभ्यःlabhyaḥis attainable; is won
न चna caand not; and not
प्रमादात्pramādātby heedlessness (pramāda); by distraction; by negligence
तपसः वा अपिtapasaḥ vā apior even by austerity; by tapas alone
अलिङ्गात्aliṅgātwithout the mark (a-liṅga — 'lacking sign or direction'); without the right token; aimless
एतैः उपायैःetaiḥ upāyaiḥby these means (etair upāyaiḥ); by these ways; by such methods
यततेyatatestrives (from √yat); makes effort; endeavours
यः तुyaḥ tuwho then; the one who
विद्वान्vidvānknowing; wise
तस्यtasyait; for him
एषः आत्माeṣaḥ ātmāthis Ātman; the Ātman Himself
विशतेviśateenters (from √viś); steps in; takes up abode
ब्रह्मधामbrahmadhāmainto the abode of Brahman (brahma-dhāman); into the divine mansion; into the house of Brahman
译文
This Ātman is not attained by the powerless, nor through carelessness, nor by austerity without a mark. But the knower who strives by these means — his self enters the abode of Brahman.
版本
a9b2be406fdb · 发布于 2026年7月26日 20:10:40 UTC
可用语言RUEN用方向键翻颂
An immediate counterweight to the verse about grace — so that grace not be mistaken for indulgence. nāyam ātmā bala-hīnena labhyaḥ — "not attained by the powerless": bala is strength: gathered will, firmness of spirit (the tradition reads it more widely: the bodily support of practice too); grace is no reward for slackness. na ca pramādāt — "nor through carelessness": pramāda, scattered heedlessness, is enemy number one in all the Upaniṣads (the Kaṭha: apramattas tadā bhavati). tapaso vāpy aliṅgāt — "nor by austerity without a mark": aliṅga — "without a sign": austerity with no direction, heat with no aim, is straw burning in a field: hot and fruitless.
etair upāyair yatate yas tu vidvān — "but the knower who strives by these very means": the same strength, attention, austerity — but in a vidvān, one who knows: directed, understood, harnessed to the goal; tasyaiṣa ātmā viśate brahma-dhāma — "his self enters the abode of Brahman" (brahma-dhāma — that same dhāman of verse 54!).
The pair 56–57 is a double-leaved door of truth: grace without effort is sentimentality; effort without grace is pride; the gate opens by both leaves at once. He chooses — but He chooses the diligent; diligence does not purchase — it prepares; and when labour and gift meet, the soul enters the House.