Upanishads · Gopāla-tāpanī Uttara 99
॥
Devanāgarī
ओं कृष्णाय गोविन्दाय गोपीजनवल्लभाय
ओं तत्सद् भूर्भुवः
स्वस्तस्मै नमो नमः
Transliteration (IAST)
oṁ kṛṣṇāya govindāya gopījanavallabhāya
oṁ tatsad bhūrbhuvaḥ
svastasmai namo namaḥ
Word-by-word
SanskritIASTMeaning
ओं कृष्णायoṁ kṛṣṇāyaoṁ, to Kṛṣṇa; oṁ, to the All-attractive
गोविन्दायgovindāyato Govinda; to the Herdsman
गोपीजनवल्लभायgopījanavallabhāyato the Beloved of the cowherd women; to gopī-jana-vallabha
ओं तत् सत्oṁ tat satoṁ, that is the truth; oṁ, that is the real
भूः भुवः स्वःbhūḥ bhuvaḥ svaḥearth, air, heaven; the three worlds
तस्मै नमः नमःtasmai namaḥ namaḥto Him obeisance and obeisance; to him homage again and again
Translation
Oṁ, to Kṛṣṇa, to Govinda, to the Beloved of the cowherd women. Oṁ, that is the truth; earth, air, heaven. To Him obeisance and obeisance.
Version
cd3c757ff564 · published Jul 28, 2026, 2:34:47 PM UTC
Available inRUENPage between verses with
The second invocation utters the very five-worded mantra for whose sake the Pūrva-tāpanī was written: to Kṛṣṇa, to Govinda, to the Beloved of the cowherd women.
It is placed right after the invocation to breath — and this is the litany's order: after each breath follows the Name. Thereby is said without words what the later tradition will express as a rule: the name is uttered with the breath, the breath is sanctified by the name.
Note that here the mantra is given without the word "svāhā", with which it ended in the first part: in its place stand "oṁ tat sat" and the three worlds. The litany adapts the mantra to the order of oblations.
And one more thing: the three names are the very ones that in mantras 3 and 5 were the answers to the sages' questions and examined by their roots. The book returns the reader to the beginning, but now these words are not explained — they are uttered.