Upanishads · Gopāla-tāpanī Uttara 114
॥
Devanāgarī
ओम् योऽसौ जाग्रत्स्वप्नसुसुप्तिमतीत्य तुर्यातीतो गोपाल
ओम् तत्सद् भूर्भुवः स्वस्
तस्मै वै नमो नमः
Transliteration (IAST)
om yo'sau jāgratsvapnasusuptimatītya turyātīto gopāla
om tatsad bhūrbhuvaḥ svas
tasmai vai namo namaḥ
Word-by-word
SanskritIASTMeaning
ओं यः असौoṁ yaḥ asauoṁ, He who; oṁ, the one who
जाग्रत्स्वप्नसुसुप्तिम् अतीत्यjāgratsvapnasusuptim atītyahaving gone beyond waking, dream and deep sleep; having crossed over the three states
तुर्यातीतः गोपालःturyātītaḥ gopālaḥis Gopāla, beyond the fourth as well; Gopāla, standing above turīya
ओं तत् सत्oṁ tat satoṁ, that is the truth; oṁ, that is the real
भूः भुवः स्वःbhūḥ bhuvaḥ svaḥearth, air, heaven; the three worlds
तस्मै वै नमः नमःtasmai vai namaḥ namaḥto Him obeisance and obeisance; to him precisely homage again and again
Translation
Oṁ, that Gopāla who, having gone beyond waking, dream and deep sleep, stands beyond the fourth as well. Oṁ, that is the truth; earth, air, heaven. To Him obeisance and obeisance.
Version
29ed99e16f97 · published Jul 28, 2026, 2:36:50 PM UTC
Available inRUENPage between verses with
The last invocation — and the boldest in thought.
The Māṇḍūkya Upaniṣad describes four states: waking, the dream state, deep sleep, and the "fourth", turīya, which is called the highest. Here it is said that Gopāla is turyātīta — "beyond the fourth as well".
The sense is that He is not a state of consciousness, not even the highest one. Turīya is the limit of what can be described from within experience; He is the One to whom that limit refers.
In mantra 69 of this same part the quaternity was broken down by the letters of OṀ, and to Kṛṣṇa fell "the half-measure", ardha-mātrā — that trailing sound with which the syllable dies away, corresponding in the Māṇḍūkya to turīya. Here it is said one step further still.
With this the litany closes: having run through the breaths, the names and the descriptions, it ends with what surpasses every description — and yet bows by name: to Gopāla.