उपनिषद् Nṛsiṃha-tāpanī Pūrva 2.12

Nṛsiṃha-tāpanī UpaniṣadNṛsiṃha-tāpanī Pūrva 2.12

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उपनिषद् · Nṛsiṃha-tāpanī Pūrva 2.12

॥

देवनागरी

अथ कस्मादुच्यते सर्वतोमुखमिति । यस्मात्स्वमहिम्ना सर्वांल्लोकान्सर्वान्देवान्सर्वानात्मनः सर्वाणि भूतानि स्वयमनिन्द्रियोऽपि सर्वतः पश्यति सर्वतः शृणोति सर्वतो गच्छति सर्वत आदत्ते सर्वगः सर्वगतस्तिष्ठति । एकः पुरस्ताद्य इदं बभूव यतो बभूव भुवनस्य गोपाः । यमप्येति भुवनं सांपराये नमामि तमहं सर्वतोमुखमिति तस्मादुच्यते सर्वतोमुखमिति

लिप्यंतरण (IAST)

atha kasmāducyate sarvatomukhamiti | yasmātsvamahimnā sarvāṃllokānsarvāndevānsarvānātmanaḥ sarvāṇi bhūtāni svayamanindriyo'pi sarvataḥ paśyati sarvataḥ śṛṇoti sarvato gacchati sarvata ādatte sarvagaḥ sarvagatastiṣṭhati | ekaḥ purastādya idaṃ babhūva yato babhūva bhuvanasya gopāḥ | yamapyeti bhuvanaṃ sāṃparāye namāmi tamahaṃ sarvatomukhamiti tasmāducyate sarvatomukhamiti

शब्दशः अर्थ

संस्कृतIASTअर्थ

अथ कस्मात् उच्यते सर्वतोमुखम् इतिatha kasmāt ucyate sarvatomukham itiwhy then is he called “sarvatomukha”; wherefore is he named “facing everywhere”

स्वयम् अनिन्द्रियः अपिsvayam anindriyaḥ apihimself, though without senses; he himself, being without organs

सर्वतः पश्यति सर्वतः शृणोतिsarvataḥ paśyati sarvataḥ śṛṇotisees from everywhere, hears from everywhere; beholds on every side, listens on every side

सर्वतः गच्छति सर्वतः आदत्तेsarvataḥ gacchati sarvataḥ ādattegoes from everywhere, takes from everywhere; moves on every side, receives on every side

सर्वगः सर्वगतः तिष्ठतिsarvagaḥ sarvagataḥ tiṣṭhatiall-going, all-pervading, he stands; going everywhere and present everywhere, he abides

एकः पुरस्तात् यः इदम् बभूवekaḥ purastāt yaḥ idam babhūvaone, in front, who became this; the single one, before all, who became this

यतः बभूव भुवनस्य गोपाःyataḥ babhūva bhuvanasya gopāḥwhence he became the herdsman of the world; from which he was made the shepherd of the universe

यम् अप्येति भुवनम् सांपरायेyam apyeti bhuvanam sāṃparāyeto whom the world goes at the departure; into whom the world passes at the end

नमामि तम् अहम् सर्वतोमुखम्namāmi tam aham sarvatomukhamI bow to him, the one facing everywhere; my bow to him, the all-faced

अनुवाद

“And why is he called ‘sarvatomukha’?” — “Because by his own greatness, himself having no senses, he sees from everywhere, hears from everywhere, goes from everywhere, takes from everywhere; all-going and all-pervading, he stands. ‘One, before all, he became this, and thence became the herdsman of the world; to him the world goes at the departure — to him, facing everywhere, I bow.’ Therefore he is called ‘sarvatomukha’.”

भाष्य

The fifth word is sarvato-mukha, “with face turned everywhere”.

And it is explained by the same argument that stands in the Śvetāśvatara and that we read in the twenty-first mantra of the Kaivalya: svayam anindriyo 'pi — “himself having no senses”.

He sees without eyes, hears without ears, takes without hands. We have said already where the force lies here: a capacity tied to an instrument ends with it; His does not.

Note the word gopāḥ — “herdsman, shepherd”. In the Ṛg-veda it names the keeper of herds and the keeper of the law; and from it comes the name Gopāla, of which the whole Gopāla-tāpanī speaks.

Here it is set beside the one who, “one, before all, became this”. He who became everything is called not the lord of it all, but its herdsman.

The difference between these words is great, and the Vaiṣṇava tradition keeps it. To a lord one belongs; a herdsman walks alongside and counts by heads.

And the last: sāṁparāye — “at the departure”, in the hour of crossing. To Him the world goes, and to Him — the bow.

संस्करण

faaff1ff55b2 · प्रकाशित 29 जुल॰ 2026, 4:39:50 am UTC

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