奥义书——吠陀传统的哲学核心，阐明梵、真我、知识、行动与解脱的本质。十部主要奥义书，另加精选的毗湿奴派小奥义书。
A book of the beginning: from Nārāyaṇa come the elements, the worlds, and the person, and in Him all things end. Hence its refrain — "all is Nārāyaṇa"; the second half is on renunciation and on how one who has left everything lives.