奥义书 · Gopāla-tāpanī Pūrva 11
॥
天城文
रस्यं पुनारसनं जलभूमीन्दुसम्पातकामादि कृष्णायेत्येकं पदं गोविन्दायेति द्वितीयं गोपीजनेति तृतीयं स्वाहेति पञ्चममिति
转写 (IAST)
rasyaṁ punārasanaṁ jalabhūmīndusampātakāmādi kṛṣṇāyetyekaṁ padaṁ govindāyeti dvitīyaṁ gopījaneti tṛtīyaṁ svāheti pañcamamiti
逐字释义
梵语IAST释义
रस्यम्rasyamwhat is to be tasted; that which is savoured
पुनःpunaḥfurther; next
रसनम्rasanamtasting; rasana
जलभूमीन्दुसम्पातकामादिjalabhūmīndusampātakāmādiwith water, earth, moon and desire; of the syllables denoting water, earth, moon and kāma
कृष्णाय इति एकम् पदम्kṛṣṇāya iti ekam padam"to Kṛṣṇa" is the first word; "kṛṣṇāya" — one word
गोविन्दाय इति द्वितीयम्govindāya iti dvitīyam"to Govinda" is the second; "govindāya" — the second
गोपीजन इति तृतीयम्gopījana iti tṛtīyam"of the cowherd women" is the third; "gopījana" — the third
स्वाहा इति पञ्चमम्svāhā iti pañcamam"svāhā" is the fifth; "svāhā" — the last
इतिitithus; so
译文
Next, of tasting. It is composed of the syllables of water, earth, moon and desire: "to Kṛṣṇa" is the first word, "to Govinda" the second, "of the cowherd women" the third, "to the beloved" the fourth, "svāhā" the fifth.
版本
fae832ffcad8 · 发布于 2026年7月28日 14:22:17 UTC
可用语言RUEN用方向键翻颂
The answer to the sages' second question: what is rasana, "tasting"? It turns out to be the uttering of the mantra — the very one whose words already sounded in the third mantra as answers to the four questions.
The mantra is called five-worded: to Kṛṣṇa — to Govinda — of the cowherd women — to the beloved — svāhā. In other words, "to Kṛṣṇa, to Govinda, to the Beloved of the cowherd women, svāhā".
The first half of the line describes the syllables of the seed-syllable with which the mantra begins, in the manner usual for tantric texts: the letters are named by their correspondences — water, earth, moon, desire. Such notation served both as a mnemonic and as a guard against careless use: without the key the mantra cannot be assembled.
More important is this: what is called tasting is not reflection on the meaning but the uttering of the names. The verb ras, "to savour", already stood in the sixth mantra; here it receives its content. The name is what one lays on the tongue.
And note the order of the mantra's words: it begins with a name meaning attraction ("the All-attractive") and ends with the word by which an offering is given to fire. From attraction — to self-giving.