奥义书 · Gopāla-tāpanī Pūrva 34
॥
天城文
तदाहुरेके ।
यस्य प्रथमपदाद् भूमिर्द्वितीयपदाज्जलं तृतीयपदात्तेजश्चतुर्थपदाद्वायुश्चरमपदाद्व्योमेति वैष्णवं पञ्चव्याहृतिमयं मन्त्रं कृष्णावभासकं कैवल्यसृत्यै सततमावर्तयेदिति
转写 (IAST)
tadāhureke |
yasya prathamapadād bhūmirdvitīyapadājjalaṁ tṛtīyapadāttejaścaturthapadādvāyuścaramapadādvyometi vaiṣṇavaṁ pañcavyāhṛtimayaṁ mantraṁ kṛṣṇāvabhāsakaṁ kaivalyasṛtyai satatamāvartayediti
逐字释义
梵语IAST释义
तत् आहुः एकेtat āhuḥ ekeon this some say; so certain ones maintain
यस्य प्रथमपदात् भूमिःyasya prathamapadāt bhūmiḥfrom whose first word, the earth; from whose first word comes earth
द्वितीयपदात् जलम्dvitīyapadāt jalamfrom the second, water; from the second word, water
तृतीयपदात् तेजःtṛtīyapadāt tejaḥfrom the third, fire; from the third word, heat
चतुर्थपदात् वायुःcaturthapadāt vāyuḥfrom the fourth, the wind; from the fourth word, air
चरमपदात् व्योमcaramapadāt vyomafrom the last, space; from the closing word, ether
इति वैष्णवम्iti vaiṣṇavamthis mantra of Viṣṇu; belonging to Viṣṇu
पञ्चव्याहृतिमयम् मन्त्रम्pañcavyāhṛtimayam mantramconsisting of five utterances; made up of five vyāhṛtis
कृष्णावभासकम्kṛṣṇāvabhāsakamrevealing Kṛṣṇa; lighting up Kṛṣṇa
कैवल्यसृत्यैkaivalyasṛtyaifor the road to freedom; for the path to liberation
सततम् आवर्तयेत्satatam āvartayetlet him repeat unceasingly; let him recite always
इतिitithus; so
译文
Some say thus: from its first word comes the earth, from the second water, from the third fire, from the fourth the wind, from the last space; and this mantra of Viṣṇu, consisting of five utterances and revealing Kṛṣṇa, let him repeat unceasingly for the road to freedom.
版本
e837bb40f594 · 发布于 2026年7月28日 14:22:17 UTC
可用语言RUEN用方向键翻颂
Another's opinion is quoted — and quoted respectfully: "some say". In the Upaniṣads this is a usual device: alongside one's own explanation another is preserved, if it does not contradict the substance.
The difference from mantra 30 is one of order. There the elements were derived from the syllables of the seed-syllable and from separate words; here the five words of the mantra are matched directly with the five elements in sequence: earth, water, fire, wind, space. The correspondence is simpler and more elegant, and so it took hold in the tradition.
The mantra is called pañca-vyāhṛti-maya — "consisting of five utterances". The vyāhṛtis are those sacred calls (bhūḥ, bhuvaḥ, svaḥ and the rest) that preface the gāyatrī; the comparison sets the five-worded mantra in their company.
And a description is given that is worth remembering: kṛṣṇa-avabhāsaka — "revealing Kṛṣṇa", literally "making Kṛṣṇa visible". The mantra neither describes nor summons — it lights up.
The goal is named by the word kaivalya, "freedom, aloneness"; and it says "for the road to it", sṛti — that is, the mantra is here the road, not the goal itself.