Upanishads · Rāma-tāpanī Pūrva 4.38
॥
Devanāgarī
ततः सहस्रदृग्वह्निर्धर्मज्ञो वरुणोऽनिलः । इन्द्वीशधात्रनन्ताश्च दशभिश्चैभिरावृतः
Transliteration (IAST)
tataḥ sahasradṛgvahnirdharmajño varuṇo'nilaḥ | indvīśadhātranantāśca daśabhiścaibhirāvṛtaḥ
Word-by-word
SanskritIASTMeaning
ततः सहस्रदृक् वह्निःtataḥ sahasradṛk vahniḥthen the Thousand-eyed, Fire; next Indra and Agni
धर्मज्ञः वरुणः अनिलःdharmajñaḥ varuṇaḥ anilaḥthe Knower of the law, Varuṇa, the Wind; Yama, Varuṇa, Vāyu
इन्दु ईश धातृ अनन्ताः चindu īśa dhātṛ anantāḥ cathe Moon, the Lord, the Creator and Ananta; Soma, Īśāna, Brahmā and Ananta
दशभिः च एभिः आवृतःdaśabhiḥ ca ebhiḥ āvṛtaḥand by these ten he is surrounded; by them, the ten, he is encompassed
Translation
Then the Thousand-eyed, Fire, the Knower of the law, Varuṇa, the Wind, the Moon, the Lord, the Creator and Ananta — by these ten He is surrounded.
Version
f5c484701949 · published Jul 29, 2026, 5:15:19 AM UTC
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The circle of the guardian gods of the quarters: the lokapālas.
Their list is usual for all diagrams: Indra in the east, Agni in the south-east, Yama in the south, Varuṇa in the west, Vāyu in the north-west, Soma in the north, Īśāna in the north-east; and above and below — Brahmā and Ananta.
The names are given descriptively: sahasra-dṛś — “the thousand-eyed” (Indra), dharmajña — “the knower of the law” (Yama), dhātṛ — “the creator” (Brahmā).
Note where they are placed. Not in the first circle and not in the second — beyond Hanumān, beyond the monkeys, beyond the ministers of Ayodhyā.
This is the diagram's true measure. Those to whom everyone prays stand outside; within are those who were with Him.
And we have already seen why. In the sixteenth verse the gods asked for protection and abode with Him in happiness; in the thirty-second Hanumān sat before His face and listened. The petitioner and the listener stand in different circles.
I will add that the lokapālas are inscribed here for another reason too: they hold the quarters, and every yantra is a picture of the world. It is not a court that surrounds Rāma, but the universe.