उपनिषद् · Mahā 2.43
॥
देवनागरी
आपतत्सु यथाकालं सुखदुःखेष्वनारतः न हृष्यति ग्लायति यः स जीवन्मुक्त उच्यते
लिप्यंतरण (IAST)
āpatatsu yathākālaṃ sukhaduḥkheṣvanārataḥ na hṛṣyati glāyati yaḥ sa jīvanmukta ucyate
शब्दशः अर्थ
संस्कृतIASTअर्थ
आपतत्सु यथाकालम्āpatatsu yathākālamwhen they arrive each in its season; at what comes each at its appointed time
सुख-दुःखेषु अनारतःsukha-duḥkheṣu anārataḥin joys and sorrows, unceasingly; amid delights and sufferings, without pause
न हृष्यति ग्लायति यःna hṛṣyati glāyati yaḥwho neither exults nor droops; who is neither transported nor withered
सः जीवन्मुक्तः उच्यतेsaḥ jīvanmuktaḥ ucyatehe is called liberated while living; he is named free while yet alive
अनुवाद
“Who amid joys and sorrows, arriving each in its season in unbroken succession, neither exults nor droops — he is called liberated while living.”
संस्करण
4e268b885b0f · प्रकाशित 29 जुल॰ 2026, 6:29:20 am UTC
उपलब्ध भाषाएँRUENश्लोक बदलें इन कुंजियों से
The second mark — of the outer changes.
Two words to take hold of: yathākālam, “in its season”, and anārataḥ, “unceasingly”. Joys and sorrows come by their own timetable, not ours, and come without respite.
This is a sober view of life's arrangement. No one promises the liberated man fair weather: he has all the same things as everyone.
The verbs chosen are bodily: hṛṣyati — “bristles up, exults” (the same root as “gooseflesh”), glāyati — “wilts, droops”. The speech is not of philosophical imperturbability, but of a man not being tossed up or bent down.
Note that it does not say “does not feel”. It says “neither exults nor droops”. The difference between feeling and lurching — that is all the verse is about.