Upaniṣads · Chāndogya 4,8.1
॥
Devanāgarī
मद्गुः ते पादम् वक्ता इति सः ह श्वः भूते गाः अभिप्रस्थापयाम् चकार ताः यत्र अभिसायम् बभूवुः तत्र अग्निम् उपसमाधाय गाः उपरुध्य समिधम् आधाय पश्चात् अग्नेः प्राङ् उपोपविवेश
Transliteración (IAST)
madguḥ te pādam vaktā iti saḥ ha śvaḥ bhūte gāḥ abhiprasthāpayām cakāra tāḥ yatra abhisāyam babhūvuḥ tatra agnim upasamādhāya gāḥ uparudhya samidham ādhāya paścāt agneḥ prāṅ upopaviveśa
Palabra por palabra
SánscritoIASTSignificado
मद्गुःmadguḥthe diving bird (the cormorant; from √majj — 'to plunge'); a water-bird; a diver-bird
तेteto you; for you
पादम्pādamquarter; the foot
वक्ताvaktāhe will say; he will teach
इतिitithus; how
सःsaḥhe; that one
हhaindeed; surely
श्वःśvaḥin the morning; on the next day; tomorrow
भूतेbhūtewhen it had come; having come to be
गाःgāḥof cows; cattle
अभिप्रस्थापयाम्abhiprasthāpayāmhe drove them out; he sent them on
चकारcakāraHe made; I have performed
ताःtāḥthey; those; these
यत्रyatrawhere; when
अभिसायम्abhisāyamtoward evening; the evening hour
बभूवुःbabhūvuḥthey became; they proved
तत्रtatrathere; in this
अग्निम्agnimfire; Agni
उपसमाधायupasamādhāyahaving laid under; having laid it
गाःgāḥof cows; cattle
उपरुध्यuparudhyahaving penned them; having shut up
समिधम्samidhamfirewood (samidh — sacrificial fuel); the logs; fuel
आधायādhāyahaving placed; having laid under
पश्चात्paścātwestward; behind
अग्नेःagneḥof fire; Agni
प्राङ्prāṅeastward; forth
उपोपविवेशupopaviveśahe sat down beside him; he took his seat near
Traducción
"A diver-bird will tell you the next quarter." In the morning he drove the cows on. Where evening found them, there he laid a fire, penned the cows, put on fuel, and sat down behind the fire, facing east.
Versión
16e70014ab85 · publicado 26 jul 2026, 23:19:15 UTC
Disponible enRUENPasa de verso en verso con
The fourth teacher is a madgu, a diving water-bird (a cormorant). If the swan is the image of a soaring, liberated soul, the diver goes down into the depths: its element is not the height but the underside of the waters. And its lesson will be of the inward — of breath, eye, hearing and mind, of what dwells "within" a being. The very sequence of teachers is laid out as a path: dharma (the bull) — sacrifice (the fire) — height (the swan) — depth (the diver).
And once more, for the third time, the evening rule is repeated: fire, herd, fuel, east. The Upaniṣad does not tire of repeating these "domestic" lines, because in them lies the very tissue of discipleship: revelation comes not in an exceptional hour but in fidelity to a daily service. Every evening is the same — and every evening brings a new quarter of the truth.