SanskritIASTMeaning
कृष्णस्य प्रत्याख्यानं दुर्योधनेनkṛṣṇasya pratyākhyānaṃ duryodhanenaDuryodhana's refusal of Krishna
शमार्थं याचमानस्य उभयोः हितम्śamārthaṃ yācamānasya ubhayoḥ hitamwho had come seeking peace for the good of both sides
कर्ण-दुर्योधन-आदीनां दुष्टं मन्त्रितं विज्ञायkarṇa-duryodhana-ādīnāṃ duṣṭaṃ mantritaṃ vijñāyahaving learned of the wicked scheme of Karna, Duryodhana, and the others
योगेश्वरत्वं कृष्णेन राजसु दर्शितम्yogeśvaratvaṃ kṛṣṇena rājasu darśitamKrishna showed the kings his mastery of yoga (the universal form)
रथम् आरोप्य कर्णः अनुमन्त्रितःratham āropya karṇaḥ anumantritaḥKrishna, taking Karna onto his chariot, counseled him
उपाय-पूर्वं प्रत्याख्यातः शौण्डीर्यात्upāya-pūrvaṃ pratyākhyātaḥ śauṇḍīryātbut out of pride he refused (the offer)
अभिनिर्यात्रा रथ-अश्व-नर-दन्तिनाम्abhiniryātrā ratha-aśva-nara-dantināmthe marching forth of chariots, horses, warriors, and elephants
हास्तिनपुरात् बल-संख्यानम्hāstinapurāt bala-saṃkhyānamand the reckoning of forces from Hastinapura
उलूकस्य प्रेषणं पाण्डवान् प्रति दूत्येनulūkasya preṣaṇaṃ pāṇḍavān prati dūtyenathe sending of Uluka as envoy to the Pandavas
रथ-अतिरथ-संख्यानम्ratha-atiratha-saṃkhyānamthe counting of rathas and atirathas (warriors)
अम्ब-उपाख्यानम्amba-upākhyānamthe tale of Amba
एतत् उद्योग-पर्व पञ्चमं संधि-विग्रह-संश्रितम्etat udyoga-parva pañcamaṃ saṃdhi-vigraha-saṃśritamsuch is the fifth, the Udyoga-parva — of peace and war
षडशीति-शतं अध्यायाःṣaḍaśīti-śataṃ adhyāyāḥone hundred eighty-six chapters
षट् सहस्राणि षट् शतानि अष्टा-नवतिः श्लोकाःṣaṭ sahasrāṇi ṣaṭ śatāni aṣṭā-navatiḥ ślokāḥsix thousand six hundred ninety-eight verses
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The Udyoga-parva closes with the collapse of the last hope for peace — and pride is the cause. Krishna, God himself, becomes an envoy and even stoops to counsel Karna, revealing to him the secret of his birth, yet Karna, out of false loyalty and vanity, refuses salvation. Krishna's revelation of the vishva-rupa (universal form) before the assembled Kauravas foreshadows the still greater revelation of the Gita: the Lord shows his omnipotence, yet the wicked remain unmoved. So scripture shows that the Lord's mercy pours out on all, but only a humble heart receives it; pride leads to ruin. The story of Amba reminds us that an unhealed wound and a thirst for revenge (through Shikhandin) also turn the wheel of fate. War becomes inevitable not by the Lord's will but by the obstinacy of the wicked.