Upanishads · Chāndogya 1,6.3
॥
Devanāgarī
द्यौः एव ऋक् आदित्यः साम तद् एतत् एतस्याम् ऋचि अध्यूढम् साम तस्मात् ऋचि अध्यूढम् साम गीयते द्यौः एव सा आदित्यः अमः तत् साम
Transliteration (IAST)
dyauḥ eva ṛk ādityaḥ sāma tad etat etasyām ṛci adhyūḍham sāma tasmāt ṛci adhyūḍham sāma gīyate dyauḥ eva sā ādityaḥ amaḥ tat sāma
Word-by-word
SanskritIASTMeaning
द्यौःdyauḥthe sky; the heavenly world
एवevaindeed; surely
ऋक्ṛkthe ṛc; a hymn of the Ṛg-veda
आदित्यःādityaḥthe sun; Āditya
सामsāmathe sāman; the chant
तद्tadthat; this
एतत्etatthis; all this
एतस्याम्etasyāmin this [one]; upon this
ऋचिṛciin the ṛc; in the hymn
अध्यूढम्adhyūḍhamlaid upon; placed above
सामsāmathe sāman; the chant
तस्मात्tasmāttherefore; for that reason
ऋचिṛciin the ṛc; in the hymn
अध्यूढम्adhyūḍhamlaid upon; placed above
सामsāmathe sāman; the chant
गीयतेgīyateis sung; is performed
द्यौःdyauḥthe sky; the heavenly world
एवevaindeed; surely
साsāshe; that one
आदित्यःādityaḥthe sun; Āditya
अमःamaḥAma; the gatherer of all
तत्tatthat; this
सामsāmathe sāman; the chant
Translation
The sky is the ṛc, the sun is the sāman. This sāman is laid upon this ṛc; therefore the sāman is sung as laid upon the ṛc. The sky is "sā", the sun is "ama": that makes "sāma".
Version
e61f3569c32b · published Jul 26, 2026, 10:28:09 PM UTC
Available inRUENPage between verses with
The third couple: dyauḥ — the sky and ādityaḥ — the sun: the firmament that is the ground and the luminary that is the power: the sun is "laid upon" the sky as a melody upon a verse. The ascending series has reached the world's daytime summit.
Mark the constancy of the order: first the ṛc, then the sāman; first "sā", then "ama": the support before the power, the container before the agent: the humility of all might is to remember what it stands upon. The sun is strong by the sky, the singer by his verse, the spirit by a true support; and "being laid upon" is no humiliation of the sāman but the condition of its flight.