Upanishads · Chāndogya 3,4.3
॥
Devanāgarī
तत् व्यक्षरत् तत् आदित्यम् अभितः अश्रयत् तत् वै एतत् यत् एतत् आदित्यस्य परःकृष्णम् रूपम्
Transliteration (IAST)
tat vyakṣarat tat ādityam abhitaḥ aśrayat tat vai etat yat etat ādityasya paraḥkṛṣṇam rūpam
Word-by-word
SanskritIASTMeaning
तत्tatthat; this
व्यक्षरत्vyakṣaratit flowed out; it was exuded
तत्tatthat; this
आदित्यम्ādityamthe sun; Āditya
अभितःabhitaḥround about; from every side
अश्रयत्aśrayatit resorted; it settled
तत्tatthat; this
वैvaiverily; indeed
एतत्etatthis; all this
यत्yatwhich; that which
एतत्etatthis; all this
आदित्यस्यādityasyaof the sun; of Āditya
परःकृष्णम्paraḥkṛṣṇamthe deepest black (paraḥ-kṛṣṇa — 'blacker than black'); darker than dark; deep black
रूपम्rūpamshape; the appearance
Translation
It flowed forth and settled about the sun: and that is what the beyond-black appearance of the sun is.
Version
e7bc57ce4337 · published Jul 26, 2026, 10:54:28 PM UTC
Available inRUENPage between verses with
The northern load has settled as paraḥ-kṛṣṇam — "beyond-black": deeper than black: the honey of the tales and the spells is the darkest layer of the luminary (that very "blacker than black" of 1.6!).
The spectrum is complete: red from the hymns, white from the rite, black from the chant, beyond-black from the lore: the four Vedas have coloured the sun with four radiances. There remains the fifth, vertical ray — and its flower will no longer be a text: the next khaṇḍa will name the flower of the upper veins — Brahman itself.