奥义书 · Bṛhadāraṇyaka 1,4.12
॥
天城文
सः न एव व्यभवत् सः विशम् असृजत यानि एतानि देवजातानि गणशः आख्यायन्ते वसवः रुद्राः आदित्याः विश्वे देवाः मरुतः इति
转写 (IAST)
saḥ na eva vyabhavat saḥ viśam asṛjata yāni etāni devajātāni gaṇaśaḥ ākhyāyante vasavaḥ rudrāḥ ādityāḥ viśve devāḥ marutaḥ iti
逐字释义
梵语IAST释义
सःsaḥhe; that one
नnanot; no
एवevaindeed; only
व्यभवत्vyabhavatit developed; it became full enough
सःsaḥhe; that one
विशम्viśamthe viś, the community (viś, acc.); the people; the community
असृजतasṛjatacreated; brought forth
यानिyānithose who; those that
एतानिetānithese; these here
देवजातानिdevajātānithe classes of gods (deva-jāta); the divine classes; the orders of deities
गणशःgaṇaśaḥin hosts (gaṇaśas — 'in groups'); in bands; in hosts
आख्यायन्तेākhyāyantethey are called; they are designated
वसवःvasavaḥthe Vasus (vasu, pl.); Vasu; Vasu
रुद्राःrudrāḥthe Rudras; the Rudra gods
आदित्याःādityāḥof Āditya; the solar deities
विश्वेviśveall; the universal ones
देवाःdevāḥthe gods; divine powers
मरुतःmarutaḥthe Maruts (marut, pl.); the Maruts; the Maruts
इतिitithus; how
译文
Still he did not unfold. He created the viś, the community: those classes of gods that are named in hosts — the Vasus, the Rudras, the Ādityas, the Viśvedevas, the Maruts.
版本
6e64932ab996 · 发布于 2026年7月27日 00:43:58 UTC
可用语言RUEN用方向键翻颂
The third outpouring is the viś, the community, the producing people: among the gods it corresponds to the "hosts" (gaṇaśaḥ) — the deities who live in bands: Vasus, Maruts, Viśvedevas. The sign of the vaiśya is multiplicity: the wealth of the world is made not by single men but by hosts, guilds and clans.
The unfolding of the One descends in authority but ascends in number: one Brahman, eight kings, hosts of commoners. Society is read as a continuation of theogony: every honest labour in the multitude is the vasus and maruts of the human world, the wind and the plenty without which neither priest nor king could stand.