奥义书 · Chāndogya 1,1.4
॥
天城文
कतमा कतमा ऋक् कतमत् कतमत् साम कतमः कतमः उद्गीथः इति विमृष्टम् भवति
转写 (IAST)
katamā katamā ṛk katamat katamat sāma katamaḥ katamaḥ udgīthaḥ iti vimṛṣṭam bhavati
逐字释义
梵语IAST释义
कतमाkatamāwhich one precisely (katama — 'which of many'); which then; which
कतमाkatamāwhich one precisely (katama — 'which of many'); which then; which
ऋक्ṛkthe ṛc; a hymn of the Ṛg-veda
कतमत्katamatwhich; that which
कतमत्katamatwhich; that which
सामsāmathe sāman; the chant
कतमःkatamaḥwhich; which
कतमःkatamaḥwhich; which
उद्गीथःudgīthaḥudgītha; the exalted chant
इतिitithus; how
विमृष्टम्vimṛṣṭamthe consideration (vi-√mṛś — 'to feel out with the mind'); investigation; the examination
भवतिbhavatirevered lady; madam
译文
"Which then is the ṛc? Which the sāman? Which the udgītha?" — thus the examination begins.
版本
aa1b3751ac1e · 发布于 2026年7月26日 22:28:09 UTC
可用语言RUEN用方向键翻颂
After the solemn ascent, a humble question: katamā katamarka… — "which then is the ṛc? which the sāman? which the udgītha?" The doubling of the interrogative (katamā katamā) conveys an insistent inquisitiveness: not "what is it in general" but "which one exactly of them all" — the question of a connoisseur who demands precision, not generalities.
vimṛṣṭaṁ bhavati — "an examination takes place" (vi-√mṛś — "to feel out with the mind"): the Upaniṣad legitimizes investigation inside reverence: a holy thing is not only sung — it is asked about; a faith that puts no questions stays on the surface. This short verse is a hinge of method: from hymn to analysis; the Chāndogya will everywhere alternate rapture and inquiry, for to it these are one movement of the heart.